Perceived Marginalization and the Prediction of Romantic Relationship Stability

The present research examined how perceived marginalization of one’s romantic relationship is associated with level of future commitment to and stability of that involvement. Results from a 7‐month longitudinal study of romantically involved individuals (N= 215) revealed that perceived social network marginalization at Time 1 predicted breakup status at Time 2, with commitment level at Time 1 fully mediating this association. Among those individuals whose relationships remained intact, social network marginalization predicted Time 2 commitment above and beyond satisfaction, alternatives, and investments. Additional analyses revealed that perceived general societal marginalization was a less robust predictor of relationship commitment and stability compared to social network marginalization. These findings highlight the important consequences of perceived social disapproval on relationship outcomes.     

The relationship between burnout and organizational commitment in two samples of health professionals

Relationships between dimensions of burnout and employee commitment to the organization were tested in two hospital samples, using structural equations analysis. Whereas burnout has typically been assumed to be a predictor of organizational commitment, the present data provided support for the converse hypothesis, that low commitment contributes to the experience of burnout. Specifically, in a sample of nurses (n = 197), commitment showed direct effects on emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and a weaker indirect effect (via exhaustion) on depersonalization. A similar pattern of effects emerged in a sample of laboratory technicians from the same organization (n = 110), although in this case the direct linkage between organizational commitment and depersonalization was not statistically significant. Implications for organizational efforts to reduce burnout are discussed.     

The Transmission of Marital Instability Across Generations: Relationship Skills or Commitment to Marriage?

We used national, longitudinal data from 2 generations to assess 2 explanations for the intergenerational transmission of marital instability, one based on relationship skills and the other based on marital commitment. Parental divorce approximately doubled the odds that offspring would see their own marriages end in divorce. Offspring with maritally distressed parents who remained continuously married did not have an elevated risk of divorce. Divorce was most likely to be transmitted across generations if parents reported a low, rather than a high, level of discord prior to marital dissolution. These results, combined with other findings from the study, suggest that offspring with divorced parents have an elevated risk of seeing their own marriages end in divorce because they hold a comparatively weak commitment to the norm of lifelong marriage.     

A Panel Study of the Associations Between Maintenance Strategies and Relational Characteristics

Resilience in marriage is tied to the manner in which people strategically maintain their relationships. The associations between perceptions of five relational maintenance strategies (positivity, openness, assurances, social networks, and sharing tasks) and three fundamental relationship characteristics (liking, commitment, and control mutuality) are examined concurrently and over time. At three points in time, each separated by a month, married partners reported their perceptions of partner maintenance activities and their own beliefs regarding the relational characteristics. Results indicate that perceptions of maintenance strategies significantly add to the variance of these relational features, even when controlling for the participants' previous reports of the same measures.     

网络环境下学习者情感因素探析

计算机技术和网络的迅速发展和广泛应用给教育带来了新的挑战和机遇。网络正从根本上改变着传统的英语教学模式。本文旨在探讨网络教学这种新的环境下影响学习者学习成效的情感因素,并对降低情感因素的影响提出了建议。     

论喜感：被叙述的存在感

喜感是人从叙述中获得的存在感，与笑感既相联系又相区别。笑感是恐惧等紧张期待突然消失产生的情感。喜感按产生的原因可分为三个大类：一类为存在感期待实现的肯定型，包括愉悦感、欢乐感、惊喜感、狂欢感；二类为存在感威胁被解除的否定型，包括轻松感、滑稽感、反讽感、复仇感；三类为存在感威胁解除并实现期待的复合型，主要是幽默感。通过各类喜感的分析可知，喜感就是被叙述的存在感。叙述的逻辑关系形态不同，喜感的类型也就不同。叙述是动态的，所以喜感也是动态的。人为了寻求存在感，需要不断体验不同的叙述。     

QUEERLY INTIMATE:

This article examines the rise of the Girls' Love (GL) fan fiction community in contemporary China. More specifically, we focus on the ‘Pink Super Girl Bar’, an online fan fiction community devoted to the pairing of the contestants of the 2006 season of Super Girl, an entertainment program featured on Hunan Satellite TV that enjoys great popularity in the Sinophone world. Through an ethnographic account of the formation, convention and performativity of identities and socialities in this community, we demonstrate how Super Girl GL fans mobilize their emotional capital to create artworks, to have fun and to enrich their everyday lives. We argue that the GL fan fiction community has become a space of female homosociality, intimacy and affect in which a new generation of young Chinese women actively enact friendship and female subjectivity in a way that refuses the normalization of gender, sexuality and social relations. Moreover, by linking fan studies to affect studies and emotional geography, and by paying particular attention to indigenous concepts and cultural practices in mainland China's fan communities, we wish to contribute to fan studies with feminist, queer and transnational perspectives.     

特许经营权拍卖中的激励性合约研究的进展

本文阐述了自然垄断产业中的政府规制的激励问题。主要从激励性合约的最优拍卖、激励性合约中的双重或第二货源、承诺和合谋问题等四个方面,综述了特许经营权拍卖中的激励性合约理论的产生、演变和研究的进展。     

Shared Reality and Grounded Feelings During Courtship: Do They Matter for Marital Success?

This study provides evidence that newlywed pairs who have a shared and well‐grounded understanding of their courtship are better able to establish unions that endure. Using a sample of 168 couples, the authors found that marriages were more likely to survive when courting partners (a) loved each other to a similar degree, (b) depicted the probability of marriage and changes in the likelihood of marriage in a corresponding fashion over the course of their courtship, and (c) portrayed the courtship as escalating from a low (25%) to a high (75%) probability of marriage as spanning a comparable period of time. The durability of marriages was reflected, as well, in how solidly courting partners' feelings for each other were interwoven with their courtship experiences. More specifically, courtship difficulties were not as associated with weakened feelings of love or with heightened feelings of ambivalence among couples who later divorced as compared to those who stayed married.