A Cognitive‐Affective Scale for Hurricane Risk Perception

The aim of this study was to develop a reliable and valid measure of hurricane risk perception. The utility of such a measure lies in the need to understand how people make decisions when facing an evacuation order. This study included participants located within a 15‐mile buffer of the Gulf and southeast Atlantic U.S. coasts. The study was executed as a three‐wave panel with mail surveys in 2010–2012 (T₀ baseline N = 629, 56%; T₁ retention N = 427, 75%; T₂ retention N = 350, 89%). An inventory based on the psychometric model was developed to discriminate cognitive and affective perceptions of hurricane risk, and included open‐ended responses to solicit additional concepts in the T₀ survey. Analysis of the T₀ data modified the inventory and this revised item set was fielded at T₁ and then replicated at T₂. The resulting scales were assessed for validity against existing measures for perception of hurricane risk, dispositional optimism, and locus of control. A measure of evacuation expectation was also examined as a dependent variable, which was significantly predicted by the new measures. The resulting scale was found to be reliable, stable, and largely valid against the comparison measures. Despite limitations involving sample size, bias, and the strength of some reliabilities, it was concluded that the measure has potential to inform approaches to hurricane preparedness efforts and advance planning for evacuation messages, and that the measure has good promise to generalize to other contexts in natural hazards as well as other domains of risk.     

关系收益对顾客保持的影响研究——承诺和信任的中间媒介效应

文章以关系收益和顾客保持为切入点,旨在研究关系营销投入与产出的关系,将关系收益分为经济收益、社会收益和心理收益,并构建了以关系收益为前因、承诺和信任为媒介、顾客保持为结果的结构方程模型。针对消费者市场的实证数据分析结果表明,经济收益对承诺影响显著,社会收益对信任影响显著,心理收益对承诺和信任影响均比较显著。另外,承诺和信任对顾客保持以及信任对承诺都有显著的影响。最后,根据理论框架和研究结果提出相关建议和未来研究方向。     

Initiating structure leadership and employee behaviors: The role of perceived organizational support,affective commitment and leader–member exchange

The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of perceived organizational support (POS) and affective organizational commitment (AOC) in the relationship between initiating structure (ISL) and employee behaviors. In addition, we also analyzed the moderator role of leader–member exchange in this relationship along three dimensions (affect, loyalty and professional respect). We conducted a survey-based study of 484 employees of a retail business and the results of the multiple regression analyses indicate that POS and AOC act as mediators in the relationship between ISL and two employee behaviors (extra-role organizational citizenship behaviors and turnover). Further, our results support the moderator effect of professional respect in the positive relationship between ISL and POS. This study makes an interesting contribution to the literature on ISL and its effects by construing POS as a consequence of this leadership style, and by adding professional respect among the possible moderators. Research avenues, limitations, and the practical implications of our findings are discussed.     

A causal model for supply chain partner’s commitment

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relations of information, organisation and environment on the supply chain partner’s commitment using data from the auto parts industries listed in the Taiwan External Trade Development Council. Low levels of environmental uncertainty within the context of supply chain relationships with higher levels of intraorganisational facilitators and interorganisational relationships will have influence on the level of information sharing, quality and availability. As expected, it was found that there is a positive relationship between the level of information sharing, quality and availability, and the level of trust. Additionally, it was also found that there is a positive relationship between levels of trust and commitment in supply chain relationships.     

不确定的流动性需求与即时流动性——承诺类业务的流动性特点探析

承诺类业务对银行流动性影响的核心,是银行提供承诺后就面临着“不确定的流动性需求”;为保证满足这种不确定的流动性需求,要求银行拥有“即时流动性”;即时流动性只能由以现金资产或其他类似的备付能力才能提供;银行可能拥有的即时流动性使一些业务的开展遇到“流动性限制”。通过对备付金数量变动影响的分析和比较,可以揭示各种承诺类业务的流动性特点和共性,从而为制定相应的管理策略提供支持。     

组织内成员间知识共享的影响因素研究

采用问卷调查法对5个组织(包含270个成员)进行了调查,从知识贡献和收集2个角度探讨了知识共享系统机制.研究结果表明:个体知识共享的成本和收益因素对知识贡献与知识收集有阻碍作用或促进作用;组织情感承诺能够对外在性成本与收益因素、知识贡献与知识收集之间关系起到减弱调节作用;知识权威丧失是阻碍知识贡献的重要影响因素.     

乡村治理创新中的地方政府——以浙江省J市“村干部创业承诺制”为例

源于上世纪90年代J市的村干部创业承诺制,是一项农民创造、地方政府推动的乡村治理制度创新。地方政府在该制度创新中扮演了探索者、支持者、推广者、制度供给者的角色。地方政府之所以在村民自治背景下主动推动乡村治理制度的创新,主要是由国家宏观政策环境的变迁、乡村社会发展的现实需求、现行压力型政府体制的约束与激励机制等因素决定的。在j≥村治理创新中,地方政府应当理性地确定自己的行为边界,主动地推动村民的有序参与。     

英汉词语的不对等及其文化内涵

英汉两个民族文化的差异反映到语言层面上表现为语言差异。英汉词语的文化内涵极其丰富,但在许多方面存在着不对等现象。本文从词语的概念意义、比喻联想意义及情感意义三方面的不对等,分析其所反映的文化内涵,从而说明深入理解词语的文化内涵对外语教学的重大意义。     

关于英语专业口语课的一项调查

基于 Krashen“监察理论”中的“输入假说”和“情感过滤假说”的理论框架 ,利用所设计的问卷调查显示 ,需要对英语专业口语课使用的教材 ,以及课堂组织等方面进行改革。教材内容应具有连贯性和系统性 ;对不同口语能力的学生实行分班教学 ;中外教师合作 ,共同授课 ;活跃课堂气氛 ,丰富教学方法 ;积极开辟第二课堂 ,加大课后实践量等 ,均是提高口语教学质量的改革内容与方向