中国内地与香港地区法律援助制度比较

香港的法律援助制度体系完备且独具特色 ,而内地的援助制度尚处于起步阶段。在援助立法、援助范围和对象与援助配套的连动机制等问题上 ,内地与香港存在较大差距。香港在法律援助上的成功经验对该制度在内地的发展和健全具有重要的借鉴意义     

贵州民族地区旅游资源的开发与旅游扶贫

旅游扶贫这一命题是旅游经济产业发展的必然。贵州民族地区旅游资源丰富且品位高 ,具有旅游开发的基础。本文分析了贵州民族地区旅游开发的基础和条件 ,阐述了旅游开发扶贫的功能。在此基础上 ,着重分析论述了贵州民族地区旅游开发扶贫应注意的问题及对策。     

Crowding Out or Welfare Promotion? How Foreign Aid Affects Social Expenditures in Latin American Welfare Systems

Foreign assistance constitutes a significant share of government revenue in many low‐ and middle‐income economies and is targeted at poverty reduction and the promotion of social and economic well‐being. This study therefore examines fiscal responses by Latin American welfare states to the inflow of such aid. As a form of external non‐tax revenue, aid can function as a substitution for public welfare expenditure, with a crowding out effect being the likely outcome. This article investigates whether overall aid and aid that is particularly targeted at the social sector substitutes public welfare provision and, if so, whether it also substitutes its function. A time‐series cross‐section analysis of 19 Latin American countries for the period 1980–2008 provides limited support for the assumption that foreign aid payments influence the welfare budget. It is only the health care sector in middle‐income countries which experiences a small decrease in expenditures. Social security and education expenditures are not affected.     

贫困生资助体系指标与特征研究

贫困大学生资助过程主体和客体的外部现实表现形式、内部逻辑体系的相互作用、政策制度和社会预期及其发展趋势,可以归纳为质量、效益、程度、导向等因素,并用指标数值和特征表象表达出来。通过这一特性建立资助体系的指标、特征及其相互关系,可形成资助体系研究模型。运用这一模型化研究方法,结合我国的实际,可找出贫困大学生资助体系存在的问题及解决的办法,同时也能验证该成果的应用价值。     

论法律援助经费制度体系建设

法律援助经费是开展法律援助工作的重要物质基础和保障。法律援助经费制度体系的重点工作是科学界定法律援助经费的概念和定义、明确法律援助各项经费的开支使用比例、建立健全法律援助经费监督管理制度等。文章以学习实践科学发展观为契机,在认真查找目前法律援助经费拨付、管理监督、开支使用等方面存在的主要问题并深入分析其成因的基础上,根据财权与财政相匹配原则,从制度体系建设层面对解决问题的措施和办法进行了初步探索。     

Flipping the Equation: The Need for Context-Focused Group Work Education

For many students of social work, traditional group work curriculum promotes the development of mutual aid as the criterion for success in a group. However, a dichotomy exists between a reduction in agency-sanctioned mutual aid–focused groups and the expanded use of groups to deliver services. The contrast between MSW students' expectations and the practice realities they face is particularly challenging for classroom instruction. This article proposes a context-focused approach to teaching an elective in social group work, which links theories and skills to organizationally specific practice contexts. This approach encourages students to engage in critical reflection of practice through consistent interaction between foundational concepts and practice realities.     

情绪变化的最近发展区探讨

通过总结过去的情绪研究成果,把个体的情绪分为四个组成区域：原始状态区（zoneofprimalfettle,简称ZPF）、自我防御区（zoneofselfdefense,简称ZSD）、外力援助区（zoneofouterhelp,简称ZOH）和崩溃区（zoneofbreakdowninemotion,简称ZBE）,并在此分类基础上提出了情绪最近发展区（zoneofproximalde．velopment,ZPD）概念及相关理论。ZPD理论认为,人的ZSD和ZOH共同组成了情绪的ZPD,只有处于ZPD区域内的情绪影响才有可能被个体所接受。但在这一接受过程中,情绪影响所消耗的自我心理能量和个体对该情绪影响的接受度有一定的关联。同时,ZPD内的两个组成成分会相互转化,其转化的结果便是心理学过去研究所得到的钢化效应和敏化效应。ZPD理论不仅梳理了过去情绪研究的结果,还有助于解释过去情绪研究中所出现的一些困惑。     

抗战时期美国对华经济援助评析

抗战时期美国对华经济援助是美国援华体系的重要环节,它在援助力度与援助性质上随着远东战局的发展和美日矛盾的激化经历了一个变化的过程,这一过程与美国对华政策日趋积极和国民政府外交重点转向美国有着密切的互动关系,对战时中美"特殊关系"的形成起了重要作用。     

Defining the Nonprofit Sector: Some Lessons from History

This article seeks to establish whether the structural-operational definition of the sector, used by the Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project (JHCNSP), is universal in its applicability. Historical case studies of primary health care and social housing provision in nineteenth-century England demonstrate that the definition cannot accommodate the institutional diversity of earlier periods and does not produce meaningful sectoral distinctions. The structural-operational definition rules out of the sector a significant proportion of nonstatutory, nonprofit maximizing providers. In particular, it excludes the mutual aid organizations, which are widely recognized as important for the development of civil society and which have historically been considered to be key components of the sector. These case studies suggest that the structural-operational definition limits the capacity of the JHCNSP to fulfil its aim of establishing the factors that promote or retard the sector's development owing to potential measurement errors and the pattern of development that the project implicitly assumes for the nonprofit sector.