美国外交中的援助制裁行为

作为经济制裁的一种,援助制裁是援助国为了实现一定的对外政策目标而采取的延缓、减少、终止援助,或者威胁采取上述措施以惩罚受援国。相对于其他西方国家而言,美国更倾向于使用援助制裁,其目的是使被制裁国按其意愿采取或改变政策。援助制裁还是美国推行人权外交的重要手段,但在实际执行中,援助制裁却往往很难奏效。此外,援助国实施援助制裁的决心、目标国对援助的依赖程度以及国际社会的协调行动都在某种程度上削弱或抵消援助制裁的效果。     

现行对外援助中附加政治条件差异分析——基于中国与西方国家外援实践的比较研究

对外援助是一国实现特定目标的重要外交手段,随着中国自身经济实力和国际地位的快速提升,其对外援助规模不断扩大。本文试从中西方对于附加政治条件的不同态度出发,通过比较分析,揭示双方在此问题上的立场,即中国实质上将附加政治条件贬义化,认为在援助中附加政治条件就是对受援国主权和内政的侵犯;而西方国家则将附加政治条件褒义化,主张将附加政治条件作为更好实现对外援助目标的重要前提。本文认为,应考虑将附加政治条件的理解中立化,与主权和干涉内政问题相脱钩,使不附加政治条件原则具有一定弹性,促进中国对外援助及其政策的顺利实施。     

Survivor Feedback on a Safety Decision Aid Smartphone Application for College-Age Women in Abusive Relationships

College-age women are at high risk for dating violence and tend to seek services at rates lower than older adults. Young women are more likely to look to their peers or to technology as a forum for accessing safety resources. This study explores a prototype smart phone application (“app”) that is a safety decision aid for female survivors of dating violence. The app is intended to assist young women to assess the danger in their abusive relationship, set priorities for safety, and develop a personalized safety plan. Through focus group sessions and individual interviews, 38 female college students in 4 states (Arizona, Maryland, Missouri, and Oregon) who self-identified as survivors of abusive relationships reviewed and provided feedback on the usefulness, understandability, appropriateness, and comprehensiveness of the app. The focus group sessions and interviews were transcribed and analyzed. Participants were positive about the potential of the app to provide personalized information about abusive dating relationships and appropriate resources in a private, safe, and nonjudgmental manner. Detailed feedback from survivors and recommendations for further development of the app are discussed.     

略论教育救助的政策供给、执行偏差与多元对策

依据宪法蕴含的关于教育是公民基本权利的规定,教育救助既是教育公平的重要内容,也是解决贫困代际转移的有效手段。但是,由于教育救助政策存在设计缺陷,在执行过程中易产生偏差。只有合宪性保障举措,才能确保教育救助作为宪政权利在现实生活中的实现。据此,有必要从教育救助的制度体系、救助资金渠道、救助模式多元化入手,促进教育救助事业的发展。     

Recuerdos de Nuestro Pasado

Following is an interview with Erin Segal, group worker and coauthor of Recuerdos de Nuestro Pasado (Memories of our Past), a multivocal memoir about growing up in El Salvador and growing old in Washington DC, which emerged from a storytelling group at Mary’s Center’s Bernice Fonteneau Senior Wellness Center. The group members and coauthors are Angela Celaya, Sergio Guzmán, Jose Lovos, and Gloria Revelo. Using alternating English-language stanzas, the book expresses the life stories of four senior citizens and includes the images of their photographs and objects as well as illustrations by the book designer Julie Cho. Segal and Cho are cofounders of Thick Press. All profit from this book will go to St. Jude Children’s Hospital.     

Dilemmas in Creating an Intern/Field Instructor Supervision Group in a School Setting: Thoughts on Role and Authority

ABSTRACT

Being guests in a host system, a school-based health program (SBHP), presents social workers with complex challenges that underscores the need for regular, supportive supervision. Group supervision is especially useful in bridging this gap, reducing isolation, and uniting a social work team dispersed across four different schools. This article reports on efforts to strengthen a social work component in a four-unit SBHP through the creation of a bi-weekly supervision group. Due to the hierarchical mixed membership of field instructors, interns and program administrator, this group addressed challenges and opportunities around role, authority, and power dynamics.     

The Do-It-Yourself (DIY) Movement and Young People with Serious Physical Illnesses Who Support Building Communities of Care

In 2011–2012, a qualitative exploratory pilot study was conducted to examine the experiences of immigrant Mexican women using a culturally specific domestic violence intervention model curriculum in a Midwestern state. Using a psychoeducational group format, 20 immigrant Mexican women participated in two 11-week groups over a 9-month period at a community-based health clinic. Findings indicated immigrant Mexican women examined current relationships, dating, and domestic violence dynamics in group settings and reported changes in self-esteem within their own culture. Implications for social workers include learning how they can use culturally competent curriculums and programs in group formats.     

Citizenship Consciousness,Nonbounded Solidarity,and Social Justice

This article analyzes the concepts of bounded and nonbounded solidarity. It first reviews some fundamental propositions from the sociological literature and then looks at Amnesty International's conception of solidarity. A third part discusses solidarity as it applies to social work with groups. The conclusion raises five questions social workers need to address to make social justice a standard part of social group work theory and practice.     

劳动力市场“退出援助”方式与政策探析

做好困难群体的再就业工作,并不意味着人人都能重新上岗。由于某些原因,现有劳动力人口中的一部分目前仍滞留各地再就业中心的大龄下岗困难职工,将可能永远无法再回到社会主导产业中去,或找到稳定的就业机会。所以,可否考虑在利用“积极劳动力市场政策”提供岗位援助,为其创造“边缘性”就业机会的同时;利用“消极劳动力市场政策”提供保障援助,重点做好社会保险的接续工作,帮助这部分特殊就业困难群体逐渐、直至完全退出劳动力市场就业竞争,实现“下岗”向“退休”的平稳过渡。