个体存在焦虑与民族文化忧患——兼论白先勇与存在主义的关系

对白先勇来说,对存在主义的持久兴趣来自一种境遇的相通和自我认同建构的需要。白先勇的小说表现出个体存在的焦虑和民族文化的忧患。前者映照出作者个体生命认同困局;后者则寓示着战后台湾以及海外中国人存在困境。将个体悲剧融进民族国家的历史叙述,是白先勇能够不囿于西方现代派、建构中国现代派的重要原因。     

文学的形式焦虑与想象——大众化视阈中的“民族形式”论争问题考察

由于民族存亡和战争的现实需要,抗战时期民族主义成为文化上的主要诉求。文学“大众化”一直以来就存在的形式焦虑,在抗战的复杂境遇中,表现得更加突出,“民族形式”论争就是这种焦虑的集中表达。论争寄托了知识分子对“民族形式”的不同想象,解放区的“大众化”运动中,“民族形式”被创造出来,赋予了具体的形态。尽管这些形态,不可能实现“民族形式”作为一种文化符号所承载的所有意义,但是却在社会政治动员中真正发挥了作用。     

略论“竹林玄谈”的社会本位品格与时代价值

以嵇康、阮籍思想为代表的"竹林玄谈",上承"正始玄风",下启"中朝清谈",开创了一条颇富特色的儒道互补之路.处于魏晋交替时代白色恐怖中生息的竹林玄谈,特异的政治历史背景赋予了其突出的社会本位品格.竹林玄谈在表面旷达风流的同时流露了其独特的社会忧患意识和社会批判精神,它塑造了众多高洁俊烈、风神独秀的一代名士.同时也在"越名教而任自然"的呼声中展现出了其独特的时代价值并千古流传.     

外语课堂焦虑与大学英语学习的关系

为了解外语课堂焦虑状况及其与大学英语学习的关系,笔者采用"外语课堂焦虑量表"(FLCAS)测得54名一年级非英语专业本科学生的外语课堂焦虑程度,并用Pearson相关分析的方法,分别研究外语课堂焦虑与学生英语总成绩、阅读理解成绩和听力理解成绩的关系.分析统计结果发现,大学英语学生的外语课堂焦虑分别与他们的英语总成绩、听力理解成绩呈显著负相关,即外语课堂焦虑程度越高,英语总成绩和听力理解成绩越低,反之亦然;而大学英语学生的外语课堂焦虑与阅读理解成绩的相关性不具有统计学意义.本研究表明,大学英语学生的外语课堂焦虑不但对他们的英语听力学习造成负面影响,还由此不利于他们英语总成绩的提高,以及培养他们英语学习兴趣和长期坚持英语学习的意愿.因此,大学英语教师不能忽视英语课堂中学生的外语课堂焦虑,应努力为学生营造一个轻松、愉快的课堂氛围,尽量降低外语课堂焦虑对学生学习大学英语的负面影响.     

360 Video: A prototyping process for developing virtual reality interventions

Abstract

Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising technological intervention for anxiety disorders. However, there are no existing standards and best practices to evaluate the effectiveness of environments to achieve their intervention goals. The purpose of this study was to develop a VR intervention for student veterans with social anxiety disorder and test feasibility utilizing a three-stage development model. The development of a therapeutic VR environment may benefit from an interdisciplinary collaboration of researchers from various fields of study. Utilizing three stages of prototyping with two virtual reality platforms, fully immersive video (n?=?6) and three-dimensional (3-D) immersive virtual reality (n?=?8), the research team designed an intervention for student veterans with social anxiety disorder, testing bio-reactivity of participants. Results of prototyping include user feedback validating increased stress levels and increased bio-reactivity specifically in galvanic skin response and heart rate elevation. Implications include the use of 360° video for prototyping 3-D virtual reality interventions.     

解构主义文学误读理论辨正

解构主义文学误读理论的"误读"主要存在于两个方面,有必要对其进行辨正:第一,误读理论并不只是强调读者的阐释活动,同时关注的是一个更为宏观的经典文本的历时性差异运动,而在这种运动之中,"作者的焦虑"才是关键所在;第二,误读理论在肯定所有阅读都不是单一解释的同时,又指出在对文本进行解释的时候存在界限,超出这一界限所作的解释是不合理的,误读的界限就源于"文本"。     

Romantic Attachment and Life Satisfaction in a Sample of Gay Men and Lesbians in Chile

ABSTRACT

This study intended to assess the relationship between romantic attachment and life satisfaction (LS) in a gay men and lesbian sample in Chile. It also aimed to identify the effect of attachment dimensions on life satisfaction for both gay men and lesbians. Through a cross-sectional study with a non-experimental design, a total of 460 homosexual adults completed the Experiences in Close Relationships and the Life Orientation Test, Revised Version. According to the results obtained, greater attachment insecurity (e.g., attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance) was linked to lower levels of LS in both gay men and lesbians. Furthermore, the model was found to be more predictive for lesbians than for gay men. Implication of these results are discussed.     

For the Love of Fluffy: Respecting,Protecting, and Empowering Transitional Objects in the Context of High-Conflict Divorce

ABSTRACT

Transitional objects are those idiosyncratically determined, beloved blankies and stuffed animals that communicate an absent parent’s affection. As such, transitional objects serve the short-term need to cope with separation, and the long-term need to move toward autonomy. This article discusses the value, use, and misuse of transitional objects in the context of coparental conflict. The concept of alienation-by-proxy is introduced. Specific recommendations are provided, including the therapeutic creation and empowerment of transitional objects to assist children experiencing separation anxiety, consideration of the role of transitional objects in child custody evaluations, and the court’s responsibility to encourage litigating parents to respect the child’s needs for transitional objects.     

Adolescents' Physiological Reactions to Their Parents' Negative Disclosures About the Other Parent in Divorced and Nondivorced Families

The purpose of this study was to determine how adolescents in divorced and nondivorced families respond psychologically and physiologically to their parents' negative disclosures when talking about their parents' relationship. The study also investigated how parents respond to their own disclosures about their relationship with the other parent. In general, the results illustrate the important role that adolescents' feelings of being caught can contribute to their well-being. The findings also supported the hypothesis that the valence of parental disclosures was a more important consideration than its frequency in the understanding of adolescents' reactions to their parents' disclosures, especially for adolescents from divorced families. Disclosure valence was also associated with parental anxiety, such that disclosure negativity predicted elevations in parents' anxiety during the discussion. Ultimately, children from divorced families who already felt caught between their parents and whose parents tended to disclose negative information about the other parent to them were more likely than other adolescents to report feeling anxious during that conversation. The results for changes in physiological arousal were not significant and were not consistent with the results for self-reported anxiety.     

Are Males and Females Sexually Abused As Children Socially Anxious Adults?

It is well documented that childhood sexual abuse is associated with deleterious outcomes in the areas of anxiety, depression, and sexual functioning. However, very little research has been conducted to specifically investigate childhood sexual abuse's relationship to adult social anxiety in both males and females. Participants included 250 undergraduate students from a large metropolitan university. Results indicated that almost one-third of males and a little over a third of females reported being sexually abused as a child or adolescent. Although a large portion of the sample exhibited socially anxious symptomology, childhood sexual abuse did not place males and females at increased risk for social anxiety. The use of a nonclinical, college student sample may provide researchers the opportunity to investigate resiliency in individuals with a history of childhood sexual abuse.