从人权保障的视角看刑事诉讼法的修改

为顺应我国政府履行国际人权公约规定的义务和推进人权保障进程的要求,针对我国刑事诉讼中极易侵犯犯罪嫌疑人和被告人人权的问题,明确提出了应以人权保障为主导思想来修改刑事诉讼法。指出了我国现行刑事诉讼法有关犯罪嫌疑人和被告人人权保障方面存在着犯罪嫌疑人无法充分获得律师帮助权、律师阅卷权受到限制、被告人的辩护权难以充分行使、缺乏明确的非法证据排除规则等诸多不足,参照部分国家有关强化犯罪嫌疑人和被告人人权保障的措施以及国际人权公约的规定,提出了我国修改刑事诉讼法的具体建议。     

A call for more elaborate and transparent pension data to inform policy‐making: A critical examination of World Bank data for Eastern Europe

This article offers a critical analysis of the methods by means of which data relating to the performance of second pillar pension schemes are collated, compared and reported. This is done with regard to the performance of mandatory private second pillar pension funds in Eastern Europe. By critically examining data published in a number of World Bank studies, and through the identification of data problems and irregularities, the article argues that a much more elaborate and transparent approach to the collation, comparative analysis and reporting of data is needed. Required is the establishment of a consensus regarding what should represent a robust basis for making credible policy recommendations, not least with regard to pension re‐reforms in the countries of Eastern Europe and elsewhere. In the absence of such a consensus, unresolved data problems and irregularities may potentially continue to influence the formulation of incomplete national policy conclusions regarding the performance of second pillar pension funds and, in turn, the ability of policy‐makers to evaluate appropriately the need for, and assess the feasibility of implementing in a sustainable manner, pension re‐reform.     

留学生临床实习质量保障体系的研究与实践

通过总结南京医科大学历年留学生实习管理经验,对刚刚完成实习的2007级来华留学生进行问卷调查,了解实习准入制度、实习带教方法和实习前强化培训等方面存在的问题,以此为基础,探讨适合学校实际情况的临床实习质量保障体系.     

日本“低保”制度及其对我国的借鉴意义

日本的最低生活保障制度产生于第二次世界大战之前,在其实行过程中政府积累了大量的执法经验。日本＂低保＂制度所具有的鲜明特色,主要表现为具有深厚的儒法文化底蕴、完善的法律体系。日本低保先进的制度优势对我国构建、完善农村低保制度具有重要的借鉴意义。我国农村低保制度的建设重点应为：构建完整的低保体系,设置科学合理的低保实体制度,确立公正透明的低保程序制度。     

城市低保家庭社会网络资源的特点——基于对济南市40户低保家庭的调查分析

通过对济南市40户低保家庭调查研究发现,城市低保家庭的社会网络资源的主要特点是,兄弟、姊妹、父母等亲戚是低保家庭最主要的社会网络资源。关系紧密、交往频繁的网络资源同质性较高。就业支持主要来自弱关系,弱关系提供的网络资源质量比较低。低保家庭获得的民间社会组织提供的社会支持非常少,社会组织网络资源稀缺。     

研究生教育质量保障体系的研究

研究生的培养质量是研究生教育的生命线,在我国研究生教育迅猛发展的形势下,如何保证研究生教育的质量是当前人们关注和研究的热点问题之一。本文在从理论上探讨了研究生教育质量保障体系的内涵,从实践的视角分析了我国研究生教育质量保障体系现状,从学校自主保证,政府宏观调控,社会参与监督,市场自主调节等四个方面提出构建研究生教育质量保障体系的措施。     

计算机软件质量和软件质量保证

提出了计算机软件质量和软件质量保证问题的重要性．深入分析了影响软件质量的因素．提出要研究创造软件复用技术、新的开发技术、容错技术、开发工具,实行全过程检验和全面管理等方法,以解决软件质量保证问题。     

Health Information Seals of Approval: What do they Signify?

Much of the health information available to consumers on the Internet is incomplete, out of date and even inaccurate. Seals of approval or trustmarks have been suggested as a strategy to assist consumers in identifying high-quality information. Little is known, however, about how consumers interpret such seals. This study addresses this issue by examining assumptions about the quality criteria that are reflected by a seal of approval. This question is of particular importance because a wide variety of quality criteria have been suggested for online health information, including: core aspects of quality such as accuracy, currency and completeness; proxy indicators of quality such as the disclosure of commercial interests; and indicators that reflect the quality of the site or the interaction it affords, such as the availability of a search mechanism. The results of this study suggest that seals of approval are assumed to certify information quality primarily with respect to core quality indicators, aspects that subjects both consider to be important and feel relatively less able to evaluate for themselves (compared with their ability to rate proxy indicators of information or indicators of site or interaction quality). This assumption is largely inconsistent with practice: most seals of approval involve assessment of proxy indicators of information quality, rather than direct assessment of content. These results identify a problem that certification or accreditation bodies must address since, unless and until consumer expectations are congruent with evaluation practice, seals of approval will seem to promise more than they deliver.     

深化改革背景下的高校教学质量保障体系构建

高等学校教学质量管理不能简单地迁移工商企业的质量管理方法,而要尊重高等教育、教学规律,以人为本,构建高校教学质量保障体系。这既是顺应教育大众化的要求,也是保证人才培养质量、提高高等学校竞争力的有效途径。高校教学质量保障体系由决策指挥系统、目标系统、资源支持系统、过程管理系统、评价系统以及反馈纠偏系统六个部分组成。在体系构建中应坚持全程性、发展性、有效性和人本性原则。在质量保障体系运行过程中,可能会遇到机械的程序性行为、策略性行为甚至抵制行为,可以通过适时管理、适度管理、客观管理和弹性管理提高管理的艺术,保证体系有效运行。     

1994年后我国台湾地区教师教育质量保障机制的演进

随着各国教师教育机构的多元化发展，教师教育质量保障机制已由机构保证转向制度管理。为了提升教师素质、确保教育质量，我国台湾地区实行了教师教育机构认证和教师资格证书制度，以排除不具备教师资格者，形成"社会藩篱"，使教师的专业性被社会所信任。研究以历史发展为脉络，以"社会藩篱"论（建立社会信任）为依据，探究台湾地区教师教育质量保障机制中机构认证和教师资格证书制度的发展历程。由此可知，质量保障机制与教师数量的扩张和紧缩有关，并随社会变迁而发生变化。教师教育质量保障机制应以师范生学习成效为核心，通过多元的评价方式考核师范生真实的教学能力。