论金融复杂性监管制度的构建

传统的行为监管模式一直是各国金融监管机构防范系统性金融风险的主要方式。然而金融市场的复杂性却为这一模式的实行及其效果带来了极大的阻碍，复杂的金融网络与构成该网络节点的各种金融机构形成了某种复杂性的“紧耦合”结构，流动性导致的风险传递性也大大加强，往往也因这一特性而产生“蝴蝶效应”。因此在后金融危机时代，监管机构亟须寻求一种并不总是针对风险行为且更富弹性的结构监管模式，以便能够在纷繁复杂的现代金融网络中实现其维护金融系统稳定的监管目标。     

服务补救程度对消费者情绪和行为意向的影响

采用情景模拟方法，以饭店服务失误和补救为例，分别测评了象征性补救、等值补救和超值补救对消费者情绪和行为意向的影响，结果发现:服务补救程度与消费者积极情绪、正面口碑传播和重购意向呈显著正相关，而与消费者消极情绪呈显著负相关；其次。获得补救消费者的积极情绪与正面口碑传播和重购意向呈显著正相关，消费者消极情绪与正面口碑传播和重购意向呈显著负相关。     

Order Stability in Supply Chains: Coordination Risk and the Role of Coordination Stock

The bullwhip effect describes the tendency for the variance of orders in supply chains to increase as one moves upstream from consumer demand. We report on a set of laboratory experiments with a serial supply chain that tests behavioral causes of this phenomenon, in particular the possible influence of coordination risk. Coordination risk exists when individuals' decisions contribute to a collective outcome and the decision rules followed by each individual are not known with certainty, for example, where managers cannot be sure how their supply chain partners will behave. We conjecture that the existence of coordination risk may contribute to bullwhip behavior. We test this conjecture by controlling for environmental factors that lead to coordination risk and find these controls lead to a significant reduction in order oscillations and amplification. Next, we investigate a managerial intervention to reduce the bullwhip effect, inspired by our conjecture that coordination risk contributes to bullwhip behavior. Although the intervention, holding additional on‐hand inventory, does not change the existence of coordination risk, it reduces order oscillation and amplification by providing a buffer against the endogenous risk of coordination failure. We conclude that the magnitude of the bullwhip can be mitigated, but that its behavioral causes appear robust.     

历史视野下人工智能流派与知识产权法的关系

人工智能的流派大体上可分为符号主义、联结主义和行为主义,它们在历史上与知识产权法各自存在相应的联系.20世纪50年代开始的符号主义人工智能以符号化的知识表征和逻辑推理为主要特点,客观上为知识产权法统一本质的概括提供了新的理论,并可以进行知识产权法专家系统的建构.20世纪80年代兴起的联结主义人工智能以模拟人脑的神经网络和学习过程为主要特点,与知识产权法具有共同的"鼓励学习"宗旨,又在专利客体、创造性审查、创新本质界定和法律伦理等方面提出了挑战.与互联网联系更加密切的行为主义人工智能强调智能行为是适应周围环境的进化行为,其契合了网络时代知识产权立法一定程度的"行为规制"转向,也对相关主体的权利博弈、保护对象的进化升级、智能交互行为的法律规制等带来了挑战.不同流派的人工智能既是知识产权法的调整对象又是其完善工具,它们应当彼此进行深度融合.     

Revenue and Cost Management for Remanufactured Products

This paper considers pricing and remanufacturing strategy of a firm that decides to offer both new and remanufactured versions of its product in the market and is concerned with demand cannibalization. We present a model of demand cannibalization and a behavioral study that estimates a key modeling parameter: a fraction of consumers who switch from new to remanufactured product. As we show, this fraction has an inverted‐U shape, and, thus, the underlying consumer behavior cannot be modeled using the standard methodologies that rely on consumers' willingness to pay (WTP). We find that by incorporating the inverted‐U‐shaped consumer behavior, the firm remanufactures under broader conditions, charges a much lower price, and typically remanufactures more units—leading to an increase of profits from remanufacturing by up to a factor of two as compared with making decisions based on the WTP only. Lastly, we find that the behavior of the low‐price market segment plays an important role because the firm reacts to it differently than the WTP‐based logic would suggest.