Predicting Condom Use Outcomes via the Information Motivation Behavioral Skills Model: An Analysis of Young Black Men

Objectives: This study examines the relationships between information motivation behavioral skills model constructs and their associations with consistent condom use and condom use problems among young Black men. Methods: The authors use baseline data collected from 702 participants in a randomized controlled trial. Analyses involved path modeling and bootstrapped standard errors to estimate associations. Results: Motivation had the largest association with consistent condom use, whereas condom application skills had the largest association with condom use problems. Conclusion: Motivation is the most important predictor of consistent condom use, whereas condom application skills are the most important predictor of condom use problems.     

强烈的互惠主义:一种关于企业内合作行为的新解释

除了对自身利益和交易结果的关注外,对他人以及对产生经济结果的过程的关注(有时称为伦理准则)也是个人行为的重要来源;并且,行为常常是随具体环境而定的。个人偏好的演进观,把人类行为看做是个人遵循那些已证明是成功的、从而被复制并在人群中广泛扩散的行为规则的结果。企业内不同要素所有者之间持续的、面对面的相互作用,可能有助于每一方都形成关于另一方行为的互惠主义倾向的信念。从而,即使在缺乏外部权益保障的情况下,每一方都能理性地选择合作性地行事,而不是趁机采取侵占对方利益的机会主义行为。     

Young children's social withdrawal and teacher–child relationship quality: A cross-cultural comparison between the Netherlands and China

The present study investigated how young children's (5-to-8-year-olds) social inhibition and solitary behavior were associated with teacher–child relationship quality and whether these associations differed across the Netherlands and China. The Dutch sample included 35 teachers and 201 children (49% girls). The Chinese sample consisted of 19 teachers and 152 children (50% girls). Teachers rated children's social inhibition and solitary behavior, and their relationship (closeness, conflict) with each child. Multilevel linear modeling revealed that in both countries, social inhibition was associated negatively with closeness and solitary behavior was associated positively with conflict. These associations were equally strong in China and the Netherlands. One association differed across countries: Social inhibition was associated negatively with conflict in the Netherlands, whereas this association was not significant in China. As such, cultural values could affect how social inhibition links to teacher–child relationships. Caution is recommended when generalizing findings from one country to another country.     

北伐时期湖南土匪研究

北伐和湖南农民运动的声浪远没达到荡平三湘四水所有土匪的地步,在受北伐和农民运动影响不深的边缘地带,土匪的活动较前更加猖獗。文章通过对相关民国报刊的爬梳,揭示了北伐时期湖南土匪的分布、行为特点、北伐军各级军政部门在土匪问题上所持的态度,并分析了这个时期湖南土匪剿而难灭的根本原因,对于我们今天根治某些带有“黑社会”性质的社会问题、构建和谐社会具有重要的启示意义。     

Ordering behavior in a supply chain with customers that respond to changes in service level

The presence of service-level-dependent demand has been empirically observed in industry and is well-documented in the literature. How does the implicit contractual existence of such service dependency impact the ordering decisions of upstream suppliers? We conduct three controlled laboratory experiments to study the impact a service-reward mechanism may have on the upstream ordering decisions of those charged with inventory ordering decisions. The multistudy approach provides representations of decision dynamics across a variety of scenarios, from one-shot buys to long-term supply-chain relationships. Our combined empirical results consistently suggest that the service-reward mechanism significantly and systematically elevates order levels and order variability in a manner that increases departure from optimal ordering. This effect is observed even when decision-makers have incentives to maintain a steady ordering pattern with their suppliers. Our findings shed much-needed light on individual ordering responses to, and the associated risks of, service-reward mechanisms.     

街头·行为·艺术: 性别权利倡导和抗争行动形式库的创新

2012年被媒体称为中国“女权行动元年”。通过考察这一年发生的“占领男厕所”、“受伤的新娘”、“上海地铁反性骚扰”和“光头姐抗议教育部”等产生广泛社会影响的性别事件,文章分析了街头行为艺术作为一种新的抗争行动手法在当代中国社会的形成和发展。相比近年来抗争政治研究整体蓬勃发展的局面,国内学界对抗争行动形式库的研究较为缺乏。本文首先对这一领域的理论视角和相关研究进行了梳理和评述,然后简要呈现街头行为艺术在中国抗争政治景观中的兴起。文章的主体部分围绕这一抗争行动手法的三个关键词——街头、行为和艺术,结合近年倡导性别平权街头行动的实证资料,详细阐述了它们各自对于抗争行动的意义及其对实施效果的影响。最后,文章提出从政策改变、参与动员和文化变迁三个层面,评估运用街头行为艺术进行诉求表达和政策倡导的成效。     

投资者情绪与股票收益的实证分析——基于上证投资者情绪综合指数

投资者作为资本市场的主体,其投资情绪的变化往往会对投资结果及整个交易市场产生重要影响,而如何客观合理地度量投资者情绪则成为实际研究中的重难点。考虑到以往使用单个指标作为投资者情绪代理变量容易导致代理有偏和信息不足等问题,抛弃单指标度量方法而选用多维度指标来,并利用因子分析方法构建了第一只上证投资者情绪综合指数(SSMISI),并在该指数的基础上考察了投资情绪指数与股票收益间的内在作用机制。     

城市居民节水行为的实证分析——基于消费者计划行为理论的视角

从计划行为理论的视角来研究中国城市居民的节水行为,通过对城市居民的问卷调查探讨了中国城市居民节水行为的现状及其影响因素。研究表明,居民对节水行为的态度、主观规范这2个因素对其节水行为的影响均正向显著,但知觉行为控制未通过显著性检验;城市居民的生态情感(EA)整体上正向调节着计划行为理论中预测变量与节水行为的关系。提出在实施经济性措施的同时,实行增强居民环保态度、增进生态情感、营造社会微观层次环保文化,多项措施并举促进城市居民节水行为的建议。     

中小学生学校适应研究:现状思考与展望

笔者从中小学生的现实生活状态出发,结合中小学教师对学校适应问题的调查结果,剖析了我国学校适应研究中存在的问题。试图从学业适应、关系适应和行为适应三个方面重新界定学校适应的涵义和标准。最后对将来开展中小学学校适应研究提出了四点建议:着眼于人的教育;着手于生态研究;着力于我国的教育实际;开展升学准备研究。     

修正Volterra级数的功放行为模型

从功率放大器的基本电路模型出发,建立了一种基于反馈结构的修正Volterra级数(MVS)的功率放大器的行为模型。在此基础上,依据功率放大器的非线性特性,对MVS模型进行了近似和简化,降低了模型的复杂度和参数提取时间。采用ADS仿真测量了一个10 W的WCDMA功率放大器的输入输出波形,用于模型提取和验证。计算结果表明,MVS模型能够很好地描述WCDMA功率放大器的非线性特性及记忆效应,与传统的记忆多项式模型(MP)相比较,MVS模型的NNSE低约3 dB,同时降低了模型的复杂度。