新疆洛浦山普拉出土人物纹栽绒毯内容初探

山普拉新发现的栽绒地毯是首次在新疆和中亚发现的公元5世纪左右包含有众多写实人物的叙述性纺织品,它首次在新疆甚至中国展示了印度—婆罗门教的故事内容及其艺术表现;这两个首次已经无疑地为新疆考古、历史、艺术史、宗教史、丝绸之路研究等增添了新的重要内容。本文通过对1、2号地毯画面中人物的逐个分析和辨识,基本确认了故事的内容和情节。两张内容基本相同的毯子主要描述的是印度婆罗门教神祇克利希纳童年和青少年时期的故事,包括巧换婴儿、偷吃奶油、命名仪式、林中娱乐和返回秣菟罗等比较有名的情节。克利希纳神是印度两大史诗之一《摩诃婆罗多》中的主要人物,他的故事在印度家喻户晓,关于他的艺术作品也多得数不胜数。本文就是对照神话故事和各种艺术表现来进行辨识和推测的。为使读者能够对应了解地毯内容,本文也同时提供了克利希纳故事的简单介绍。     

新现实和后现代--评当代爱尔兰小说家罗迪·多伊尔的创作

当代爱尔兰小说家罗迪·多伊尔的作品体现了对变幻现实的深切关注.但他不逼真摹写现实,而是把后现代手法注入创作中.同时他避免陷入文字游戏,而是兼顾形式的创新和叙事的清晰,使作品具有较高的可读性.多伊尔的作品似乎表明,新颖的手法和对现实的关怀可以并行不悖.用新手法表现新现实,体现了爱尔兰乃至西方小说发展的新方向.     

红·白·黑--论《简·爱》中的色彩与人物刻画

在《简.爱》中,夏洛蒂.勃朗特巧妙地借助色彩丰富的象征意义,通过在人物语言、外貌及环境描写中大量使用红白黑三种色彩意象为人物敷彩设色。这不仅使抽象的人物个性变得具体而丰满,还能引发读者的想像和思考,从而使之从更深的层次理解人物和小说的思想蕴涵。     

复调小说--王小波的一种解读

王小波小说包含了两个基本主题.一是从人道主义、自由主义立场对反人性的社会政治,对专制主义的历史和现实的批判,运用写实、反讽和黑色幽默的艺术方法,曲折地传达出作者本人的声音和意识,是理性的.一是用性社会学、性心理学知识探索人的性爱关系,主要是展示虐恋行为和虐恋幻想的各种形式,一般是非现实的,是作者艺术想象的产物,但传达出的虐恋倾向并非作者本人所具有,而属于故事的叙述者和主人公,是非理性的.这两个主题类似复调音乐的双声部,既独立又关联,结合成一种特殊的非对话体的复调小说.     

析托妮·莫里森小说《柏油孩子》的黑人女权主义话语

从女权主义话语的视角对莫里森的小说《柏油孩子》进行关照,诠释小说中体现女权主义话语的"黑色"声音、黑人女性文化身份的认同与颠覆以及消解、重构黑人女权主义话语的路径——喻指。小说以人名、物名、地名喻指白人文化主导下黑人女性的生存境遇,折射出黑人妇女在追求自我解放的过程中从"迷失自我"到"彰显自我"的成长之路,形成了独具特色的女权主义话语叙述风格。     

正名的困境及其超越:论《黄金时代》

王小波的《黄金时代》揭示了一个特殊时代的"人"的困境,但困境背后深隐着文化、政治、道德、性别关系等诸多问题,问题聚焦于陈清扬和王二这对男女的"性事",对此的命名、评判和惩罚使"性"成为诸般观念和力量博弈的战场。作者以"黑色幽默"的叙事风格描述了处于劣势的当事人如何以理性清明的坚定信念和狂欢化的游戏策略,逆转了无端受虐的人生颓势,从而最大限度地实现了个人的自我救赎,因之,《黄金时代》在"文学是人学"的层面展现了王小波的雄心和抱负,也在此高度呈现了这部经典的价值。     

工程风险中人的不确定性因素管理研究

人的不确定性因素已经成为工程风险的主要原因,然而由于人为因素的复杂性增加了工程风险管理的难度,传统的风险测度模型很难预测风险的发生。因此,引入黑天鹅理念,针对工程风险管理中常用的专家调查法和全面质量管理模式两个关键部分,探讨了基于黑天鹅理念的专家调查问卷格式,并且在分析风险事故产生原因和PDCA循环特征的基础上,在全面质量管理模式中加入了PDCA循环的管理思想,以减少负面黑天鹅事件的影响。     

Openings,absences and omissions: Aspects of the treatment of ‘race’, culture and ethnicity in British cultural studies

Abstract

British cultural studies has, in an innovative and exciting way over the last three or four decades, opened up spaces for the serious analysis of many aspects of culture, including those inextricably related to questions of ‘race’, ethnicity and subordinated groups in urban environments in Britain. However, there have been a number of weaknesses and omissions with regard to Britain's black, Caribbean-descended population. Some of these are possibly the result of earlier, unresolved theoretical and methodological disputes within the field of cultural studies; others stem, perhaps, from an over-reliance on approaches arising out of youth subcultural analytical frameworks. Consequently, less than the required attention has been paid to the active cultures of achievement developed by the adult, black working-class population of Caribbean descent in Britain from the 1950s to the 1990s.     

Yellow bodies,black sweat: Yao Ming,Ichiro Suzuki,and global sport

This article focuses on the relationship between Asian and Black athletes, global multiculturalism, and sport internationalism. Ichiro Suzuki and Yao Ming represent in clear ways the figuration of the Asian male body as both cultural phenomena and transnational commodity. This article describes the marked turn from the Asian male body as an unattractive representative for marketing commodity exchanges to an imported spectacle reproducing National Basketball Association and Major League Baseball transnational capital. However, it does not simply offer a conventional study of the political economy involved in the global expansion of popular sports. Rather, it attempts to illustrate how Asian men in US sports presuppose and indeed attempt to produce Asian masculinity through inverting the bodily emasculation of Asian American men. Throughout this article, I detail the ways in which popular sports has been racialized as a “Black” space of colonial fantasy and fears, and how Asian male athletes break down the fixity of this raciological thinking. The Black male body came to dominate celebrity and hero worship, an identificatory process that Norman Mailer once coined as “the white negro” or to use a famous slogan from a popular sports drink: Everyone wants to “Be Like Mike.” This article describes the ‘fetishization” of the Black male body and how representations of Ichiro and Yao subvert the fixity of Afro-Asian racial hierarchy.