大学生学习倦怠的影响因素及解决对策

大量研究表明,大学生中学习倦怠现象广泛存在。将Maslach（马斯拉池）等人的相关研究与我国大学生现状相结合,探求大学生学习倦怠的成因,并有针对性地提出对策,可以降低学习倦怠带来的负面影响,提高我国高等教育的质量。     

农民工工作应激与工作倦怠的实证分析——基于成都、重庆农民工的调查

对成都、重庆367名农民工调查数据的分析表明,两市农民工的工作应激和工作倦怠均比较严重;工作应激与工作倦怠关系密切,工作与非工作冲突、工作质量和工作负荷可以显著预测工作倦怠总分和耗竭维度,工作质量可以显著预测人格解体,角色冲突和工作负荷可以显著预测成就感降低。用人单位、相关职能部门乃至全社会,需要降低农民工的工作压力,改善和提高他们的待遇,提高他们的心理健康水平。     

An Online Stress Management Support Group for Social Workers

SUMMARY

This article describes the use of a listserv to make a contribution to that sector of the human service profession which struggles with burnout. The author develops, conducts and evaluates an online support group for social workers.     

中学教师工作压力与职业倦怠的成因分析及解决方法

职业倦怠问题是目前中学教师培养乃至于学校发展中所遇到的无法回避的问题之一。研究中学教师的职业倦怠的成因对于解决教师职业倦怠问题,促进教师素质培养和学校发展具有十分重要的意义。文章通过研究和分析教师职业倦怠问题的原因探讨了如何解决教师职业倦怠问题。     

高校期刊编辑职业倦怠的生态学解析

编辑队伍建设中,职业倦怠现象是影响编辑身心健康、工作效率的重要因素。从生态学的视角对高校期刊编辑职业倦怠现象进行探析,结合个体因素和外界环境分析编辑职业倦怠产生的深层次原因,利用生态学的理念以及生态链法则、生态平衡理论和生态和谐理论,引导编辑树立动态工作思路理念,创新和谐共生编辑理念,正确认知编辑职业生态稳定机制,建立与社会需求全面协调、相辅互存的编辑工作机制。     

Using a Student-Led Support Group to Reduce Stress and Burnout Among BSW Students

This study evaluates the efficacy of using a student-led support group to decrease levels of stress and reduce burnout among BSW students. The exploratory mixed-methods study used a 10-item Perceived Stress Scale measuring levels of stress, a single item measuring burnout, and narrative journal entries submitted by students. This was part of a larger study that also explored the efficacy of using a student-led group to increase students' knowledge of group work. Although limited in its scope, this research suggests that student-led group work increases the knowledge process and reduces level of burnout among social work students.     

苏北中学教师职业倦怠的成因探析

教师职业倦怠的存在使个人、家庭、组织与社会付出了极大的代价。通过已知的材料和调查了解得出结论：苏北中学教师的职业倦怠程度并不严重,但仍有一定比率的教师经历严重的倦怠。形成苏北中学教师职业倦怠的原因是多方面的,其核心原因主要有社会环境、职业特征、教学情境和自身人格因素等。有效防治教师职业倦怠刻不容缓。     

Investigating effort–reward imbalance and work–family conflict in relation to morningness–eveningness and shift work

Abstract

An increasingly older workforce and a growing emphasis on jobs involving interaction with computers have resulted in a need to more carefully examine the relationship between ageing and computer-based work. In this study, a sample of 394 subjects ranging in age from 20-75 years performed a computer task across a 3-day period. Three different types of computer-based jobs (data entry, information retrieval, and accounts balancing) performed at three large US companies were simulated. Age differences in the subjective experience of stress, workload, and bodily discomfort were evaluated. The results indicated that age effects for these measures varied according to task. The older subjects perceived greater workload for the more mentally challenging problem-solving oriented accounts balancing task (Which involved a graphical user interface) than the younger participants, even with increased exposure to the task. However, the older subjects generally experienced less stress than the younger subjects on an information retrieval task that involved a more socially interactive telephone component. A positive relationship between the frustration component of workload and the measure of stress was also found, suggesting an important link between the constructs of stress and workload. Overall, the outcomes of this study provide important insights into design interventions intended to accommodate older as well as younger persons in the workforce.     

Job stress,burnout and substance use among urban transit operators: The potential mediating role of coping behaviour

Abstract

Urban transit operators, compared to other occupational groups, have higher rates of mortality and morbidity. A major risk factor is the highly stressful objective environment. This study used structural equation modelling to test a model hypothesizing that transit operators’ coping behaviours in responding to daily job hassles mediate the associations of work stress with burnout and substance use. The study sample consisted of 1231 transit operators who participated in the San Francisco MUNI Health and Safety Study. The results showed a direct and strong association between transit operators’ daily job stress and symptoms of occupational burnout even when a series of controls and coping behaviours were considered. In addition, use of “disengage-deny” and escapist strategies to cope with job stress was positively associated with burnout; the job stress–burnout association was partially mediated through such coping practices. Daily job stress was related to substance use only indirectly and mediated through burnout and use of “disengage-deny” and escapist coping strategies. “Disengage-deny” coping strategies might help reduce substance use whereas escapist coping strategies might increase such use. Overall, our findings suggest that coping behaviour may be an important correlate of transit operators’ ill health. Interventions enabling healthy coping behaviours may help reduce health risks for this occupational group.     

Testing whether reduced cognitive performance in burnout can be reversed by a motivational intervention

It has been suggested that the motivation to spend effort is decreased in burnout patients, resulting in reduced cognitive performance. A question that remains is whether this decreased motivation can be reversed by motivational interventions. We investigated this by examining the effect of a motivational intervention on cognitive performance. We presented 40 burnout patients in The Netherlands and 40 matched healthy controls with a complex attention task. As expected, in a first block of trials the performance of the burnout patients was poorer than that of healthy controls. Subsequently, we provided the participants with fake positive feedback about their performance and announced that we would financially reward those who performed best in a subsequent block of trials. Contrary to the healthy controls, the burnout patients did not improve their performance and experienced more aversion to spend effort. The study demonstrated that impaired cognitive performance in burnout patients could not be reversed by motivational interventions, which is in line with contemporary theories on burnout that state that physiological changes in burnout may underlie a relatively long-term decrease in motivation. The implication of these results is that in practice employers and therapists might need to accept that there could be a reduction in cognitive performance in employees with burnout.