Child Care Caregiver Sensitivity and Attachment

Changes in child care caregivers' sensitivity and in children's attachment security were examined in three studies. Study one involved 55 children enrolled in community based child care. There was no intervention in these sites. Caregiver responsive involvement and children's attachment security did not change over time or when children changed caregivers. Study two involved 71 toddler age children enrolled in family child care homes. The caregivers of these children were enrolled in a family child care training project. Six months after the training security scores increased and caregivers of children who became secure or remained secure were more sensitive following training. Study three involved 36 children enrolled in center-based child care. Children were observed before and after selective staff replacement and in-service training to increase caregiver sensitivity. Six months following intervention security scores increased and caregivers of children who became secure or remained secure were more sensitive following training.     

居家养老研究综述

居家养老是有中国特色并合乎中国国情的养老方式。本文指出了关于居家养老研究在近十年时间里取得的主要进展,分别讨论了居家养老方式的概念、特征、必要性、目前存在的问题及相关对策等,并在此基础上,归纳了居家养老方式研究中存在的关键问题及展望。     

The Pervasive and Persistent Influence of Caste on Child Mortality in India

This study examines the effect of caste on child mortality and maternal health care utilization in rural India using data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-2) carried out during 1998–1999. Results from multilevel discrete-time hazard models indicate that, net of individual-level and community-level controls, children belonging to low castes have higher risks of death and women belonging to low castes have lower rates of antenatal and delivery care utilization than children and women belonging to upper castes. At the same time, the controls account for most of the differences within the low castes. Further analysis shows that the mortality disadvantage of low castes is more pronounced in poorer districts. These results highlight the need to target low caste members in the provision of maternal and child health services.     

“打工族”与西部民族杂居山区的社会文化变迁——以湖北省恩施土家族苗族自治州小王村为例

改革开放以来，小王村逐渐形成了一个新的社会群体：打工族。打工族的形成和发展，促进了小王村村民的土地观念、婚育习俗、养老观念以及村民生产生活方式等社会文化的巨大变迁。打工族的出现既是社会文化变迁的一个重要原因，也是社会文化变迁的结果。     

功能与角色：中加社会工作者比较——以社区发展为视角

从社区发展的视角比较分析了中国和加拿大的社会工作者在社区发展中的角色和功能发挥的异同。认为两者在促进社区参与、维护居民利益、实践政府的社会保障（福利）政策方面扮演着同样的角色。所不同的是，中国的社会工作者更多体现的是政府的意志，在适应居民需求方面相对较弱；加拿大的社会工作者独立性强、专业化程度高，更能及时回应社区居民的现实需求。     

农村医疗保障政策视角下的政府角色

为研究政府在农村医疗保障中的角色,厘清政府的职能和责任,分析了公共政策和农村医疗保障的制度性障碍及其深层次的问题。分析认为,当前农村医疗保障水平低的根本原因在于政府的治理失效。研究结果表明,农村社会保障制度的完善,农村医疗卫生事业的发展最终有赖于：政府明确自身的主导地位;制定符合中国国情的农村医疗卫生制度;设立农村医疗卫生事业的专项资金;推进和完善新型农村合作医疗制度。     

From Street‐level Bureaucrats to Street‐level Policy Entrepreneurs? Central Policy and Local Action in Lottery‐funded Community Cancer Care

Recent contributions to the policy implementation literature have applied Kingdon's model of ‘policy windows’ to the implementation of policy on health inequalities in the UK, and have identified the key role played by ‘policy entrepreneurs’ at local as well as national level. Despite this, the picture that emerges is of frustration of central policy intentions at the local level, alongside frustration of local aspirations by the centre. This article explores the relationship between central policy and local implementation in the context of a Lottery‐funded initiative to develop community cancer care in the UK. We examine the relationships: between the BIG Lottery Fund and central government; between BIG and the cancer care projects it funded; and between the projects and their local economy of cancer care. We found evidence of success both in vertical cascading of policy and in local policy innovation; 83 per cent of projects succeeded in obtaining continuation funding at the end of their Lottery funding. We suggest that this was due, in part, to two features of Lottery funding and accountability that combined to differentiate it from the other policy initiatives studied. They meant that projects were ‘buffered’ not just from national policy churn, but also from competing local priorities. In the ‘protected space’ that was thus formed, ‘street‐level policy entrepreneurs’ played a key role in developing cancer care innovations for adoption by mainstream funding agencies.     

农民工受歧视的二元制度分析

农民工为我国经济发展做出了巨大贡献,但农民工受歧视的问题却非常严重,既损害了农民工的合法权益,也严重影响了经济的健康发展和社会的和谐。农民工在城市中所遭受的歧视主要表现在就业歧视、社会保障歧视、教育歧视,根源在于城乡分割的二元制度。为解决农民工受歧视问题,应从改革户籍制度入手,加快制度创新,创建平等的就业机制,完善社会保障制度。     

IT企业知识员工的职业需求问题——厦门市A公司案例研究

基于对厦门市A企业的长期观测及调查,就知识员工离职的原因及知识员工的需求重点进行了实证分析并得出:(1)在职知识员工和离职知识员工的关注焦点是一致的;(2)知识员工与普通员工的需求是不一致的;(3)知识员工和普通员工均认为制度约束、合同管理是有利的,但知识员工偏好短期合同,普通员工偏好长期合同。