儿童的忧伤－－试析《童年》与《呼兰河传》

《童年》与《呼兰河传》最主要的美学特征表现为儿童的忧伤。它源于自传性的写作和创作者的天性,以儿童与老人、与死亡、与世界的辐射网加以展现,从儿童视角展示了文本忧伤的审美品格。     

Unmet service needs of families of young children with chronic illnesses and disabilities

Data about health and educational services were collected from 187 families with young children (under two years) who have chronic illnesses and disabilities. The purpose was to assess parents' satisfaction with services their families received and to identify families' unmet service needs as well as the reasons for these unmet needs. Although families' ratings of the adequacy of services are relatively high, 28% of the families report unmet service needs. The unmet needs most often reported are occupational, physical, or speech therapy; respite care/child care; and special education. Lack of funding is the most commonly given reason for unmet needs. Children with multiple impairments are at highest risk for unmet needs. Only 22% of unmet needs reported at the initial interview have been met by the time of the six-month follow-up. Increased coordination and monitoring of services across service sectors are indicated. Her research interests include the effects of disability on family identity and families' responses to minority stress. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Minnesota. She gratefully acknowledges Shelley Blazis and Nadav Casuto for statistical consulting. Her research interests focus on the impact of chronic illness and disability on families. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Minnesota. Her research interests include families and health and chronic illness and disability in children. She received her Ph.D. in Family Social Science at the University of Minnesota. His areas of interest include neurodevelopmental outcomes of low birth weight infants and training in developmental pediatrics. He was graduated from the University of Minnesota Medical School. His areas of interest include adolescents with chronic illness and disabilities, adolescent sexual decision making, and international adolescent health care issues. He was graduated from Howard University College of Medicine was awarded his earned doctorate in Health Policy from the University of Minnesota. Preparation of this article was supported by the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research Grant #H133890012.     

端木蕻良土地情结的心理透视

端木蕻良是东北作家群的重要成员,其作品中凝聚着对故乡土地的深沉而强烈的爱,有着极强的“土地情结”。端木蕻良的“土地情结”缘于他深刻的人生体验。本文试图从端木蕻良的忧郁与孤独的童年经验以及渴望回归土地的归依体验透示他“土地情结”的审美心理。     

中华传统美德故事融入幼儿养成教育：内涵、价值与路径

中华优秀传统美德故事是开展幼儿养成教育的优质教育资源,将其融入幼儿养成教育蕴含的重要价值包括心理习惯养成、行为习惯养成和家国情怀养成。当前,传统美德故事融入幼儿养成教育面临着教师内生动力缺失造成的主观困境、家庭育人理念错位造成的现实困境、幼儿园和社会等外部推力不足造成的客观困境。对此,教师层面可以学思并重,加强相关知识学习;理实并进,提升相关专业能力;知行并修,开展主题实践活动;家庭层面可以观念重塑,树立德智并重教育观念;价值重拾,重视家庭美德教育价值;模式重构,构建家园深度互动机制;幼儿园与社会层面可以责任共担,明确幼儿养成教育目标责任体系;成效共评,健全幼儿养成教育综合评价体系;多方共育,扩大幼儿养成教育社会主体参与度。     

新西兰托幼一体化课程纲要介绍与启示

学前教育应当为儿童提供什么样的经验以及如何组织这些经验,将直接影响儿童的成长与发展。随着托幼一体化成为我国学前教育发展的趋势,寻求建设一体化课程体系的有效路径是我国亟须解决的问题。新西兰已建立起比较完善的托育在内的托幼一体化课程标准,从培养目标、内容、实施到评价等一系列经验,给世界各国提供了典型借鉴。目前,我国托幼一体化课程建设处于探索阶段,相关研究比较有限。本文通过解析新西兰托幼一体化课程纲要的逻辑起点和内容要素,以期为破解我国托幼一体化课程体系的建构提供思考方向。     

Adverse childhood experiences,post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms,and self-reported stress among traditional and nontraditional college students

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the relationships between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSD-S), and self-reported stress among college students. Participants: A total of 236 undergraduate students enrolled in nursing courses participated. Method: Using a correlational design, participants completed questionnaires online. To examine PTSD moderation between ACE and self-reported stress, multiple regression was employed. Stress outcomes were examined using a 4-group variable. Mean differences in stress response between these four groups were examined. Differences in ACE, PTSD-S, and stress response between traditional and nontraditional students were also examined. Results: PTSD-S moderated the relationship between ACEs, and self-reported stress. This indicates that students who report PTSD-S following childhood adversity perceive higher levels of stress. Nontraditional and traditional students differed in their responses to the ICLRE scale. Conclusion: Individuals who report PTSD-S following childhood adversity perceive higher levels of stress later in life. Stress reduction programs may be beneficial for students.     

Autonomy,spontaneity and creativity in research with children. A study of experience and participation,in central Italy and North West England

ABSTRACT

Research involving children, deemed to have difficulties with conventional means of communication, can perpetuate reductive forms of representation of children’s knowledges and experiences. This article focuses on the possibilities and opportunities that visual and creative methods can offer to researching with children. Children advance their views in and through spontaneous and concrete forms of participation. Autonomy in aesthetic acts is central to this methodology; to explore practices that produce and reproduce presuppositions deriving from societal attitudes affecting research with children, their agency and self-presentation. This cross-cultural study was conducted in Central Italy and North West England: children contributed their perspectives and experiences through participation in a series of creative encounters resulting in aesthetic and embodied outcomes of sociological and educational significance. The study contributes to the debate on children’s autonomy and the value and quality of participation through artistic practice. Examples from the corpus of data, which includes a series of artefacts and over 900 photographs from each geo-cultural context, are presented. The study shows that it is possible to harmonise power imbalances in spaces of creative freedom, in research and education, where children’s choices and agency are respected.     

Reshaping Time: Recommendations for Suicide Prevention in LBGT Populations

ABSTRACT

This article serves as one of the supplementary pieces of this special issue on “Mapping Queer Bioethics,” in which we take a solipsistic turn to “map” the Journal of Homosexuality itself. Here, the author examines the journal’s 2011 consensus recommendations for the prevention of LGBT suicide. Invoking the axiom approach of Eve Kosovsky Sedgwick’s seminal Epistemology of the Closet, the author argues that merely offering practical guidelines at the level of the demonstrative and the instructive may not be sufficient models to address the urgency of suicide rates in LGBTQ youth populations.     

与童年对话--论儿童文学的主体间性

儿童文学具有主体间性之内在属性.因以"童年"作为审美发生的艺术视角与艺术表现对象,儿童文学产生了有别于成人文学的主体间性品格.本文从"童年原生性的间性趋向"、"儿童文学活动就是与童年对话的过程"以及"经典儿童文学的主体间性意识"三个方面论证了这一理论假设.在主体间性作为新近出现在文学研究领域中的前沿学术问题的背景下,本文将其引入儿童文学研究领域,彰显其方法论意义,以期对儿童文学研究范式的转换起到抛砖引玉的作用.     

历史苦难的边缘性诠释——"文革"背景的童年叙事考察

文革背景的童年叙事在上世纪80年代中期以后不断涌现,对童年生命的苦难的揭示成为其一大主旨。这类童年叙事着意表现儿童在历史中沦为非人的境遇,在普遍人性畛域和政治历史语境之间寻找苦难成因。这种立足于个人童年记忆的生命言说,从边缘性的一个新维度深化了对文革历史苦难的挖掘和诠释。