德沃金的建构性解释与反思平衡

“反思平衡”是一种道德原则或道德理论的证立方法,其具体过程可以分为四个阶段.反思平衡包括狭窄的反思平衡和宽泛的反思平衡,二者追求的目标分别是局部融贯和整体融贯.德沃金的“建构性解释”方法是反思平衡在法理学中的应用.建构性解释中的“符合”和“最佳”维度分别体现了狭窄的反思平衡和宽泛的反思平衡的要求.     

The Administrative Capacity of New Types of Governance

Public Organization Review - New types of governance have emerged in modern society. They occur in several forms and are the product of the need to tackle new problems and the wish to reform...     

从革命话语到建设话语的转变--中国政治话语的语义分析

建国50年来,中国政治话语体系经历了从革命话语体系向建设话语体系的转变.本文分析了这两套政治话语体系的建构过程,并对其特征进行了探讨.本文认为,革命话语是毛泽东时代的政治交流方式,这套话语体系最显著的特征就是保证社会、个人与国家权力话语的高度一致,以适应国家在经济上的高度集权管理和在思想文化上的严格控制.改革开放后中国的政治话语是围绕"建设"或"现代化"而建构起来的,它包括"国家建设"、"经济建设"、"制度建设"和"文化建设"的四个语义场.     

社会科学理论体系的基本结构、评价标准与建构方法

社会科学理论体系是正确反映社会客体本质和规律的理性知识,它是由基本原理、经验知识和逻辑方法构成的整体系统,其基本评价标准包括客观实证、逻辑自洽、构造简单和理论预见四个方面。建立理论体系是社会科学基础研究的直接目的,为此所运用的最一般的建构方法主要是历史与逻辑相统一的方法、由抽象上升到具体的方法、公理化方法、原型移植方法和理想化方法等。     

Postmodernism, feminism and disability

Disability issues are achieving increasing prominence in Great Britain and the rest of Europe. However, many of the main arguments, particularly those emphasizing social barriers models of disability, are located within structuralist frameworks. This can be regarded as problematic, as poststructural and postmodern orientations challenge the basic tenets of such formulations. This article explores the making of links between modern and structural and postmodern and poststructural perspectives using a gendered analysis drawn from feminism. It then examines the applicability of the resultant analysis for disability issues, social work and research. In conclusion, it is suggested that the making of such links can enable us to accept and effectively utilize difference and diversity, contradiction, change and fluidity without losing sight of enduring social divisions and associated oppressive responses.     

Hands: Visible and Invisible

Theoretical work in linguistics, mathematics, and physics has created changes in academic problem formulation. This meta-analysis presents the nature of the new academic environment using precepts from New Historicism to suggest connections with the New Economy. The marketplace is often the court of last appeal in conflict resolution. This can be as basic as determining a fair price for a goose in a farmers' market to the disposition of pension funds in an international merger. Economist Lawrence Summers provides insights into theory and practice. Game theory leads from John Nash's equilibrium point to modeling in economics. A University of Chicago economist discusses the application of market reforms to Chile. He worked with Chilean economists called The Chicago Boys. A call for unification, which includes economics, follows.     

试论后现代主义思潮与后现代心理学

后现代主义思潮是一种具有多元性又具有某种一致性的思维方式,是一种企图解构和超越现代哲学和文化理念的思想潮流。它集中体现了西方哲人们对"现代"哲学的强烈不满情绪,同时也昭示了一种新的思维方式。这种思维方式以强调否定性、非中心化、不确定性、非连续性以及多元性为特征,而大胆的标新立异和彻底的反传统、反权威精神则是这种思维方式的灵魂。西方心理学存在的问题体现在以下几个方面:1.以实证主义为基础的研究思路;2.以机械论、还原论和自然论为基础的"人性假设";3.纯科学的价值中立观点。后现代心理学的观点主要有:放弃追求普适性,承认历史性和具体性;批评惟一性,提倡多元性和差异性;坚持心理学的中间学科地位。     

"建构主义学习"理论与体育教学设计

"建构主义学习"理论强调以学生为中心,视学生为认知的主体,是知识意义的主动建构者,教师对学生的意义建构起帮助和促进作用."建构主义学习"环境下的教学设计与传统的体育教学设计相比已发生了很大的变化.     

后现代表象下的现代追求——马丁·艾米斯的《时间之箭》研究

马丁·艾米斯是一位活跃于后现代的英国作家,深受后现代思潮的影响。但在《时代之箭》中,他却以一位传统作家的姿态,对其叙事手法做了极其大胆的尝试:他拒斥道德相对主义,坚持语言与外部世界的联系,坚持历史书写的指涉性。因此,《时间之箭》在本质上仍然是对启蒙运动以来核心价值观念的坚持与追求。     

后现代法学视野中的司法正义观

后现代法学在理论诉求与认知价值上迥异于现代法学,它对现代法学赖以存在的基本原则和价值观实施了怀疑、解构,由此,现代法学追求的重要价值——司法正义观发生了巨大变化。后现代法学以一种更加开放和自由的方式来界定正义,强调微观的、实践的、非本质主义的、多元性的正义。后现代主义提供的这一新视角,促使我们反思以往的正义观,启发我们给正义标准以现实的人文关怀,这对于我国司法正义的正确定位和有效生长是不无裨益的。