中国“老人自死习俗”相关历史记忆重释

中国早期文献记载了在历史上存在过的"老人自死习俗"的各种形式,但已失去了解释性。一些老人自死习俗在汉代之后的文献中始终被置于道德批判的视角下,另一些经过象征性仪式与文化解释的改变而得以在官方与民间同时延续下来;在民间历史中则不同程度保留着有关习俗与解释性传说;无论在古代文献还是民间叙事中,这些事项之间的相互联系与统一性早已被割裂、打碎,甚至遗忘;借助经典人类学理论,针对文献记载和现实遗存,理清其演变的规律,还原其共同的文化本质,建立起内在的统一的解释,可导致对历史文献和现实认知两个层面的民族记忆的重新认识和改写。     

《少年Pi的奇幻漂流》中的死亡之思

加拿大作家扬·马特尔在《少年Pi的奇幻漂流》中频繁使用死亡元素进行文本架构,表达对于死亡议题的思考与探索。根据海德格尔的死亡哲学、弗洛伊德的生死本能假说及宗教伦理死亡观的理论,分析文本中的死亡主题,可以得出结论：死亡是建构自身存在价值、构建生命内在动力、追求生存本质意义的重要前提和深层动因。     

Lower posterior death probabilities from a quick medical response in road traffic accidents

Introduction: We use data from Spain on roads and motorways traffic accidents in May 2004 to quantify the statistical association between quick medical response time and mortality rate. Method: Probit and logit parameters are estimated by a Bayesian method in which samples from the posterior densities are obtained through an MCMC simulation scheme. We provide posterior credible intervals and posterior partial effects of a quick medical response at several time levels over which we express our prior beliefs. Results: A reduction of 5 min, from a 25-min response-time level, is associated with lower posterior probabilities of death in roads and motorways accidents of 24% and 30%, respectively.     

近代巴蜀诗人李士棻生卒年及别号考略

近代巴蜀诗人李士棻曾被曾国藩誉为“太白醉魂”，为曾府门下“四川三李”之一，其诗作有浓郁的巴蜀文化特色。然李氏仕宦不显，长期以来学界对其关注不足，学界近年不多的相关研究，多围绕国内所存的文献，对其诗歌创作进行艺术分析，对诗人的生平介绍多简单略过，没有严谨的考证，目前仍然很有争议。通过搜罗国内外现存典籍，综合目前所见李士棻本人著述，辅以晚清近代重要报刊《申报》和与李氏有交往的朝鲜文人文献，考证其生卒年及别号，冀为今后的相关研究解决基础问题。     

Reclaiming the aesthetic of women: de-colonizing land ownership

ABSTRACT

This paper engages with the study of the aesthetic as an embodied form and offers a critique of the study of value and commodification that emerges in the global spatial imagination. I explore the neglected interrelationship between cultural-spatial reconstruction and land ownership as a sign of livelihood by way of a critique of development and through an investigation of the multiple traces of colonialism in Indonesia in contemporary times, after the massacres. First, land is taken from communities to be used for state and corporate industrialization, and then aesthetic acts of resistance and remembrance by members of these communities, via artistic productions and protest, are commoditized as touristic attractions by the state as a form of nationalism and fetishism of the indigenous, and by corporations as a form of corporate cultural responsibility. This new method of capitalist inclusion of the survivor in a globalized project of aestheticizing space is a neoliberal tactic in which the commoditized reappearance of the aesthetic creations of the marginalized is not, in fact, a sign of inclusion but rather of further displacement. My study follows the focus of this special issue to analyse cultural production within the complexity of multiple and converging colonial forms in historical and contemporary contexts considering the relationality, contradictions and incommensurabilities generated within converging structures of colonial and racialized violence. I locate the ways in which artistic projects within this schema may be used as acts of resistance but also possibly co-optation/ domination. Aesthetic creations intended as means of archiving may also bring insurrections into the paradigm of globalization and to its attention. This paper is an attempt to look at how the creative urge negates and also creates the possibility of resistance, inviting us to urgently rethink aesthetic projects and their representation through a genealogy of global participation.     

Has Successful Terror Gone to Ground?

This article considers all 87 attacks worldwide against air and rail transport systems that killed at least two passengers over the 30‐year period of 1982–2011. The data offer strong and statistically significant evidence that successful acts of terror have “gone to ground” in recent years: attacks against aviation were concentrated early in the three decades studied whereas those against rail were concentrated later. Recent data are used to make estimates of absolute and comparative risk for frequent flyers and subway/rail commuters. Point estimates in the “status quo” case imply that mortality risk from successful acts of terror was very low on both modes of transportation and that, whereas risk per trip is higher for air travelers than subway/rail commuters, the rail commuters experience greater risk per year than the frequent flyers.     

论林语堂小说的感觉叙事

一般来说,情感与思想是小说中事件的起点和落脚点,也是事件发展的原动力,感觉只是陪衬、背景和氛围。可在林语堂的小说叙事中,感觉往往成为事件的缘起、转折点和终点。感觉不仅是事件过程的“决定者”,还是事件意义的“赋予者”。在他所谓的重大事件——“生死”与“丧失”里,人的感觉被发现和释放出来,并实现生命的升华。林语堂的感觉叙事生动复杂又变幻多姿,它们好像按照某种自然程序进行,事先无法做出预测。它不是群体理性的表现,而是人物复杂个性的展示,从而可以淋漓尽致地诠释新文学的个性解放主题,也赓续和创新了中西叙事传统,弥补和纠正了新文学甚至世界现代文学的某些偏误。     

康拉德作品中的婚外情所透视的伦理观

在康拉德的多部作品中都涉及婚外情,婚外情的男女双方关系都是建立在不平等关系基础上,男性处于主动地位,女性被动服从,但最终难逃被始乱终弃的命运。不过,作品却往往以男主人公的死亡告终,如《海域逐客》中的威廉斯,《诺斯托罗莫》中的诺斯托罗莫以及《黑暗的心》中的库尔茨等,这种普遍性现象反映了当时社会对两性关系的看法和康拉德本人的观点。     

包头市人口再生产与人口转变研究

1949年到2009年期间,包头市出生人数经历了出生人数增长阶段、出生人数持续阶段、出生人数减少阶段和出生人数回落回升阶段;出生率经历了第一高峰阶段、第一低谷阶段、第二高峰阶段、第二低谷阶段和第三高峰阶段;死亡人数经历了死亡人数增长阶段、死亡人数减少阶段、死亡人数持平阶段、死亡人数抬升阶段和死亡人数回落回升阶段;死亡率经历了下降阶段、徘徊阶段和起伏阶段;人口再生产类型的转变过程确定为传统型阶段→过渡类型阶段→现代型阶段;60多年的人口再生产类型转变的梳理,为包头市今后人口与计划生育工作提供了继续稳定低生育水平、解决低生育水平下的人口问题启示。     

《侵权责任法》第16条之我见——对残疾赔偿金与死亡赔偿金的解读

《侵权责任法》第22条规定了精神抚慰金,第16条规定了残疾赔偿金与死亡赔偿金,而没有规定被扶养人的抚养费请求权。由于＂两金＂在性质上属于精神抚慰金,所以,＂两金＂与精神抚慰金不得主张;尽管＂两金＂与被扶养人的抚养费性质不同,理论上似乎可以并用,但由于＂两金＂在赔偿标准上采取了＂遗失利益损害赔偿＂的计算方法,使对受害人及其家庭的救济达到了如同没有发生侵权损害一样,所以,被扶养人的抚养费亦不可以与＂两金＂并用。