Ecological Risk – Benefit Analysis of a Wetland Development Based on Risk Assessment Using Expected Loss of Biodiversity

Ecological risk from the development of a wetland is assessed quantitatively by means of a new risk measure, expected loss of biodiversity (ELB). ELB is defined as the weighted sum of the increments in the probabilities of extinction of the species living in the wetland due to its loss. The weighting for a particular species is calculated according to the length of the branch on the phylogenetic tree that will be lost if the species becomes extinct. The length of the branch on the phylogenetic tree is regarded as reflecting the extent of contribution of the species to the taxonomic diversity of the world of living things. The increments in the probabilities of extinction are calculated by a simulation used for making the Red List for vascular plants in Japan. The resulting ELB for the loss of Nakaikemi wetland is 9,200 years. This result is combined with the economic costs for conservation of the wetland to produce a value for the indicator of the cost per unit of biodiversity saved. Depending on the scenario, the value is 13,000 yen per year-ELB or 110,000 to 420,000 yen per year-ELB (1 US dollar = 110 yen in 1999).     

The role of tourism in national human resource development: a Jamaican perspective

Research in the national human resource development (NHRD) field is increasingly considering unique cultural and economic conditions and the influence this may have on a number of employment-related indicators. To date, the NHRD literature has largely ignored issues related to skills training and workforce development in the tourism industry, despite the expanding nature of this dynamic service sector in many nations. This literature review study of NHRD in Jamaica examined ongoing national-level human resource development (HRD) initiatives with specific attention to the current and future impact of NHRD on the tourism industry. The results showed that governmental development plans clearly identified tourism as a key sector for economic growth to support larger economic and social development goals. Furthermore, the development of human resources in the tourism sector was seen as being of vital importance for tourism organizations and for the continued development of Jamaica. The existing NHRD literature has largely overlooked the potential influence and future role of the tourism industry to assist in education, training and development goals at the national level. Recommendations are made for additional research exploring connections between NHRD and tourism employment.     

文学艺术在地球生态系统中的序位--《生态文艺学》论稿之一

地球生态系统是一个有机、有序、运动着的“活体” ;地球生态系统大体包括自然生态系统、社会生态系统、精神生态系统 ;文学艺术活动是生存的最为辉煌灿烂的景观     

论侗族对水资源的利用及其生态价值——以贵州黎平黄岗村为例

贵州省黎平县双江乡黄岗村的侗族乡民，在长期的生产与生活实践中，积累了众多独具民族特色的水资源利用方式，如根据不同海拔、不同气候条件、不同土质、不同有害杂草的差异，分别采取了不同的水资源利用方式，其生态价值在于维护森林生态环境，生物多样性，特别是水稻品种的多样性，抑制水土流失，延续传统稻鱼鸭生产模式，使该侗族社区的生态环境维持了较为稳定的良性循环，还能为珠江下流地区的生态建设和可持续发展作出一定的贡献。     

长沙乡村旅游可持续发展中的问题与对策

乡村旅游已经成为促进长沙旅游迅速发展的重要力量。但在发展的同时,也出现了不少的问题与不足。分析当前长沙乡村旅游发展现状及存在的问题,提出了一些对策以促进长沙乡村旅游的可持续发展。     

生态文明需要环境伦理与法制保障

已敲响于虚实之间的生态文明警钟,预示着生态文明对人类幸福的重要意义。道德与法律是人类幸福的重要保障,同时也是支撑生态文明的两大支柱。而作为道德与法律在生态文明中的暗合,环境伦理与环境法在保障当代生态文明中具有重要作用,必须给予特别的重视。     

科学发展观的生态哲学意蕴

十七大报告指出,深入贯彻科学发展观,全面建设小康社会必须建设生态文明,使生态文明观念在全社会牢固树立。这是党的报告首次提到生态文明。这一提法对于我们全面把握科学发展观的科学内涵与精神实质提供了生态化的思路。本文旨在从本体论、实践论、历史论和价值论的生态哲学维度对科学发展观进行重新梳理和解读,并在此基础上得出科学发展观是建设有中国特色社会主义生态文明的必由之路。     

生态纪——地球的地质生命过程的时空必然

面对人类和地球共同体的一系列危机，“生态纪”思想提出了一个可持续的未来，这是地球的地质生命过程的时空必然。远古代地质——生命发生过程、中生代地质——生命发展过程、新生代地质——生命繁茂过程是地球的过去和现在，那么，未来就是要进入生态纪，走向生态纪元就是人类和地球共同体的共同追求。     

我国古村落旅游的住宿接待模式研究——以北京门头沟区爨底下村为例

本文以北京门头沟区爨底下村为例,对古村落旅游现有的住宿接待模式进行了分析,在此基础上,提出了建设仿古接待村的建议,认为新的住宿接待模式既可以保护古村落的完整性,又可以满足广大旅游者对住宿的更高要求,具有一定的可行性。     

现代性背景下民族文化与民族旅游业的关系

在经济全球化背景下,民族文化面临的既是机遇也是挑战,理解民族文化与民族旅游业的关系,对于宏扬和振兴民族文化,发展民族地区经济,具有重要的现实意义。