The Effect of Firm and Host Country Characteristics on the Choice of Entry Mode: Empirical Evidence from Spanish Firms

When investing abroad firms must choose betweengoing alone or with a partner – the so-calledownership structure decision. Additionally,firms can enter a new country by acquisitionsor by greenfield investments – the foreignestablishment mode decision. These twodecisions have traditionally been analyzedseparately in the literature on entry mode.What is more, this literature has much lessanalyzed hybrid entry modes, like partialacquisitions. The aim of this paper is toanalyze how the different factors analyzed inprior research influence the choice of entrymode when jointly taking into account fouralternative entry modes: greenfield whollyowned subsidiaries, greenfield joint ventures,full acquisitions and partial acquisitions. Theempirical analysis was carried out byestimating a multinomial logit model over asample of FDIs made by Spanish firms. Ourresults also contribute to the knowledge ofspecific patterns in the choice of entry modeby firms from late investor countries, likeSpain.     

Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) History and Conceptual Overview

The concept of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) is a system that enables the production of safe meat and poultry products through the thorough analysis of production processes, identification of all hazards that are likely to occur in the production establishment, the identification of critical points in the process at which these hazards may be introduced into product and therefore should be controlled, the establishment of critical limits for control at those points, the verification of these prescribed steps, and the methods by which the processing establishment and the regulatory authority can monitor how well process control through the HACCP plan is working. The history of the development of HACCP is reviewed, and examples of practical applications of HACCP are described.     

评析《全新版大学英语听说教程》

从2002年9月起,我校对全体新生试用了《全新版大学英语听说教程》,笔者通过对学生和教师的调查以及对教材的分析,指出其需要改进之处。     

Residuals and leverages in the linear mixed measurement error models

Residuals are frequently used to evaluate the validity of the assumptions of statistical models and may also be employed as tools for model selection. In this paper, we consider residuals and their limiting properties in the linear mixed measurement error models. Also, we develop types of residuals for these models and then review some of the residual analysis techniques. Further, by using the definition of generalized leverage, we derive generalized leverage matrices for identification of high-leverage points for these models. Finally, we analyse a real data set.     

基于FPGA的高频等精度频率计设计与实现

文章介绍了等精度频率计误差分析和实现原理,在Altera新一代FPGA/PLD开发软件QuartusⅡ 中运用硬件描述语言Verilog HDL编程,通过单片机控制EP1 C12Q240I7芯片实现等精度频率计的设计,频率计可通过分频测量800 MHZ～1 400 MHZ之间的高频信号频率,大大提高了测量精度,实验证明测量精度为0.000 03％以下.     

外资银行进入对我国银行绩效的影响——基于面板数据的实证分析

运用我国银行1996-2007年的财务数据建立面板数据模型,从盈利水平、经营费用、稳健性、流动性四个方面实证分析入世后外资银行进入对我国银行的影响,通过统计入世前后我国银行绩效数据来说明其变化趋势的特点.研究结果表明:外资银行进入对我国银行盈利水平产生正面影响,对经营费用产生负面影响,对稳健性和流动性的影响不显著.入世前后我国银行绩效变化趋势特点:盈利水平变化趋势总体呈U曲线,最低点出现在2002年前后(即入世前后);经营费用变化整体呈下降趋势,2002年前后有明显的向下跳跃;流动性和稳健性的变化趋势不明显.     

Competing risks,left truncation and late entry effect in A-bomb survivors cohort

The cohort under study comprises A-bomb survivors residing in Hiroshima Prefecture since 1968. After this year, thousands of survivors were newly recognized every year. The aim of this study is to determine whether the survival experience of the late entrants to the cohort is significantly different from the registered population in 1968. Parametric models that account for left truncation and competing risks were developed by using sub-hazard functions. A Weibull distribution was used to determine the possible existence of a late entry effect in Hiroshima A-bomb survivors. The competing risks framework shows that there might be a late entry effect in the male and female groups. Our findings are congruent with previous studies analysing similar populations.     

Temporal stability of entries and predictors for entry into out-of-home care before the third birthday: A Danish population-based study of entries from 1981 to 2008

Objective

Placing a child in out-of-home care is one of the most radical measures a child protection system can decide to take. There is an essential interest in understanding the probability of entering care and what circumstances are related to the decision to place a child in out-of-home care. This study investigates the temporal stability of rates and predictors for entry into care.

Method

Data were obtained by linking several registration systems. The study population was defined as all children entering care before their third birthday from birth cohorts 1981–2008 (N = 11,034). Furthermore, a control population consisting of a randomly assigned quarter of the Danish child population from the same birth cohorts was used (N = 515,773). Rates of entry and Cox regression models from six periods from 1981 to 2008 were used to model co-variates associated with entry into out-of-home care.

Results

The overall likelihood for entering care is found to be decreasing over time. Furthermore, results reveal two trends: relative rates of entry are significantly decreasing for children whose mother has a psychiatric history prior to the child's birth; relative rates are significantly increasing for children whose mother or father was unemployed in the year prior to the child's birth.     

中国生产性服务业迅速崛起刍议

环境和资源的外在约束、制造业和传统服务业升级的内在需求,使现代服务业成为优化经济结构、转变经济增长方式的必然选择.近年来,生产性服务业在现代服务业中的地位日益凸显,并在我国迅速崛起.研究生产性服务业对于我国加快发展现代服务业,优化产业结构意义深远.文章对我国生产性服务业迅速崛起的动因进行了分析,并在此基础上提出了我国发展生产性服务业的两大空间和三大重点.