生命周期评价与环境伦理

评价材料与环境协调性的生命周期评价方法有环境伦理的哲学基础,是环境伦理的核心观点的科学体现。然而,从科学角度来看的生命周期评价方法的局限性则未必真是它的局限性,在对其作出环境伦理学的说明之后,有些局限性不过是哲学与科学的内在矛盾的体现,是科学自身的局限性的折射而已。     

商品房中环境经济价值的评估研究及其应用

如何对商品房中环境的经济价值进行评估?目前国内还缺乏系统性和可操作性较强的评估体系。本文尝试建立了一套全面衡量居住房产价值的评估指标体系。应用该体系对市场调查统计结果的分析表明:目前商品房总价值与"非环境因素"相关性较大,而"环境因素"占其价值的比例随着房价增高而增加。该体系的应用有助于提高市场的透明度,兼顾房地产经济的公平与效率,且有利于房地产经济的发展与环境保护的相互促进。     

生态文明美学辨析

从学术上来说,生态美学作为美学是不能成立的,其原因在于：从文明发生学来说,文明与生态是天敌。从审美发生学来说,美在文明,不在生态。从审美本体学来说,审美是人的自由意识;审美是主观的,而生态是科学的对象,它是客观的。造成生态美学成立的两个误区是：将生态审美看成自然审美;将生态审美看成生命审美。生态与审美只能在生态文明的统一上实现兼容,而这属于生态文明美学的范围。环境美学是生态文明的生发地,它们都是文化美学,但是生态文明美学是全局性的美学、时代的美学,而环境美学只是其中的一部分。在一个较长的时间段,生态文明美学的主体在环境美学。生态文明美学是一种新兴的美学,它以生态文明美为核心范畴。这种美学具有强烈的科学色彩,生态科学在其中起着决定性的调控作用。生态文明美学的核心是清晰的,但边界是模糊的。生态文明美学的建构随着生态文明建设的深入发展而进行,其前途无量。     

试论利奥波德的大地伦理观

奥尔多.利奥波德的大地伦理学提出了共同体及其范围扩展、大地伦理学的内涵等观点。他从现代人类所面临的严重生态危机和环境问题入手,总结了关于大地伦理学的观点:改变狭隘的人类中心主义认知观念;树立全新的整体生态伦理观念;维护大自然的和谐共生;人类要关爱一切生命;倡导实际的长久的美丽。     

环境匮乏、社会适应性和紧急冲突:霍马-迪克逊环境安全研究述评

环境安全是当代可持续发展的重要议题。在建构环境匮乏、社会适应性和紧急冲突的因果联系过程中,霍马—迪克逊(Homer-D ixon)探讨了环境安全的本体论与方法论问题,对发展中国家的环境安全问题进行了经验研究,并且建立了较为完整的环境安全理论体系。他的研究有一些启发意义,当然也存在一些不足。     

The Quality of Urban Environments in the Brazilian Amazon

In the Brazilian Amazon during the 1980s,urban population growth outstripped rural growth, andby 1991, most of the region's population resided inurban areas. Much of this urban growth involvedestablishment of unplanned housing with inadequateinfrastructure, which resulted in rising pollution. This paper compares indicators of environmentalquality in urban populations of the Amazon in 1980 and1991, and among different kinds of urban populationsin 1991. The results show that environmental qualityin the region deteriorated during the 1980s as theproduction of and exposure to environmental hazardsrose while resources to ward off hazards eroded. Thefindings also show that environmental quality wasparticularly poor in more rapidly growing urbancenters. The urban Amazon may not afford an adequatestandard of living and this may generate out-migrationfrom the region.     

环境教育师资培训基地建设规范初探

本文对环境教育师资培训基地的选址、培训的方式、开设课程的内容、师资力量、教学管理制度、实验室（所）建设等问题提出了建议和设想。     

环教师资培训的途径与方式探讨

开展环境教育以唤起全民的环境意识是解决环境问题最基本、最长远的方法。而环境教育师资培训是实施这一方法的关键之一。本文调查分析了广州市中小学环境教育的现状和特点,对环教师资的培训方法和教学内容进行了探讨。     

论绿色食品与农业环境保护

本文在分析了绿色食品产生的生态环境背景的基础上,阐明了发展绿色食品与农业生态环境保护之间的辩证关系,并提出了保护和改善农业生态环境、促进绿色食品发展的对策思考     

Undercover policing and the spectre of ‘domestic extremism’: the covert surveillance of environmental activism in Britain

The spectre of environmental ‘domestic extremism’ has long been postulated by police leaders and security analysts in Britain. It is a narrative that has justified the commitment of enormous amounts of government resources towards police intelligence work directed at non-violent direct action campaigns. Most controversially, this has included the long-term infiltration of environmental (and other) activist groups by undercover police. This article provides a critical analysis of the justifications put forward in support of the covert surveillance of environmental activists in Britain. The paper proceeds by way of a single case study – a high profile, environmental direct action protest in the north of England – in order to reveal the levels of abuse, manipulation and deception at the basis of undercover protest policing. Through their court case, the activists involved with this action were able to obtain rare insights into the police authorisation documents for the undercover operation that had led to their arrests. An analysis of these documents provides us with a glimpse of the contradictory justifications given by senior police officers for infiltration – now under scrutiny by a public inquiry.