"以堂带点"管理模式的调查与研究——以X市基督教T聚会点为例

自改革开放以来,随着基督教信徒的增加、信徒群体构成及其内部信仰需求的多元化,城市基督教聚会场所逐渐增多.面对这种情形,许多城市采用"以堂带点"的管理模式对其中部分聚会点进行接管、引导.本文根据实地考查资料,对我国南方某市一个以河南籍外来信徒为主的聚会点进行了田野调查,考察了该聚会点的形成、发展过程,对当地教会"以堂带点"接管聚会点的过程及"以堂带点"的具体运作方式进行了描述性分析,并结合中国当前的宗教制度对"以堂带点"这一管理模式做了进一步探讨.     

儒家孝道伦理借基督教重生？——乡村基督徒激活与改变儒家伦理的悖论性个案分析

调查发现,儒家伦理尤其是孝道,已在笔者所调查的豫西李村崩解.村民缺乏践行孝道的动力,孝道只是作为需要被激活的伦理之一处于潜伏状态.研究发现,与非基督徒村民的普遍不孝行为相反,李村基督徒相对比较孝顺.充满悖论的事实是：乡村基督教恰恰充当了激活儒家孝道伦理的工具.基督教激活了儒家伦理,但同时也改变了儒家伦理.乡村基督徒激活与改变儒家孝道伦理的悖论性个案为我们探讨伦理重建提供了理论与现实根据.     

Comparing Women's Roles in Two Faith-Based Communities with Implications for Value-Based Practice

Abstract

This qualitative study compares Evangelical Christian (EC) and ultra Orthodox Jewish (OJ) women, both from conservative, faith-based communities. The findings are clustered around three primary themes-complementary (traditional) gender roles, distrust of outsiders, and the authority of religious leaders. Nine EC women and thirteen ultra OJ women were interviewed for this study, using a modified grounded-theory method. Based on the findings, guidelines for value-based practice with women from these communities are discussed.     

Veiled Submission: Gender,Power, and Identity Among Evangelical and Muslim Women in the United States

The past decade has witnessed a proliferation of studies that illuminate devout women's affiliation with conservative religious communities. Despite the increasingly multicultural character of contemporary social and religious life, few studies to date have compared the experiences of conservative religious women across faith traditions. Guided by insights from cultural theory, this study begins by comparing elite gender discourses within evangelical Protestantism and Islam. Elite evangelical gender debates hinge on biblical references to women's submission. Similarly, Muslims dispute the meaning of the veil to Islamic womanhood. After outlining the contours of these debates, we draw on in-depth interview data with evangelical and Muslim women to demonstrate how these two groups of respondents negotiate gender in light of their distinctive religious commitments. In the end, we reveal that the unique cultural repertoires within these two religious communities enable women to affirm traditional religious values while refashioning such convictions to fit their post-traditional lifestyles.     

Incense and holy bread: the sense of belonging through ritual among Middle Eastern Christians in Denmark

ABSTRACT

This article investigates how two Middle Eastern Christian churches in Denmark are constructed as particular sensorial spaces that invite attendees to participate in and identify with specific times and spaces. As with other Christian groups, rituals of the Sunday mass constitute a highlight of the activities that confirm the congregations’ faith and community, but for members of a minority faith, these rituals also serve other functions related to identification and belonging. Inspired by a practice-oriented [Bell, Catherine. (1992). Ritual Practice, Ritual Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press] and phenomenological approach to place-making [Cresswell, Tim. (2002). “Introduction: Theorizing Place.” In Mobilizing Place, Placing Mobility: The Politics of Representation in a Globalized World, edited by Ginette Verstraete and Tim Cresswell, 11–32. Amsterdam: Editions Rodopi B.V.] through sensory communication [Leistle, Bernard. (2006). “Ritual as Sensory Communication: A Theoretical and Analytical Perspective.” In Ritual and Identity: Performative Practices as Effective Transformations of Social Reality, edited by Klaus-Peter Köpping, Bernhard Leistle, and Michael Rudolph, 33–74. Berlin: LIT Verlag; Pink, Sarah. (2009). Doing Sensory Ethnography. London: Sage], the article examines constructions of religious identity and belonging through ritual practices. The findings stem from fieldwork carried out in 2014–2015 and are part of a larger cross-disciplinary study of Egyptian, Iraqi and Assyrian Christians in Denmark. We argue that in various ways, the ritual forms a performative space for memory and belonging which, through bodily practices and engagement with the materialities of the church rooms, creates a memory that reconnects the practitioners with places elsewhere. More specifically, we argue that the Sunday ritual facilitates the connection with God and the eternal, a place and time with fellow believers, and a relocation to remember and re-enter a pre-migration past and ‘homeland’.     

Changes in Americans’ Views of Prayer and Reading the Bible in Public Schools: Time Periods,Birth Cohorts,and Religious Traditions

I use repeated cross‐sectional survey data spanning the years 1974 to 2010 to examine changes in Americans’ views of prayer and reading the Bible in public schools. Results from logistic regression models show that support for prayer and reading the Bible in public schools was relatively high in the 1970s and that differences between evangelical Protestants and both Catholics and mainline Protestants grew from the 1970s to the first decade of the twenty‐first century. Hierarchical age‐period‐cohort models demonstrate that changes in support for school prayer are due to both period and birth cohort changes, that baby boom cohorts are relatively likely to oppose prayer and reading the Bible in school, and that growing differences in support for prayer and reading the Bible in school between evangelical Protestants and both Catholics and mainline Protestants are predominantly due to changes across birth cohorts. Although religious liberals and conservatives have become more alike in many ways, evangelical Protestants have diverged from affiliates of other major religious traditions in their support for prayer in public schools. These results are relevant to debates regarding the social impact of religious affiliation, generational differences, and Americans’ views of the role of religion in the public sphere.     

Ten Thousand Tonga: A Longitudinal Anthropological Study from Southern Zambia, 1956–1991

The Gwembe Study was launched in 1956 to monitor the responses of 57,000 Tonga-speakers from the Middle Zambezi Valley to involuntary relocation. Since then, periodic censuses and frequent field visits have generated a wide variety of information. This article examines the demography of four Gwembe Tonga villages from 1956 to 1991, a period characterized first by relocation, then prosperity, and finally by economic hardship. White nuptiality does not respond significantly to socio-economic trends, marital fertility falls sharply during relocation, rebounds with the onset of prosperity, and decreases slowly during the most recent decade of economic hardship. Mortality of the very young and old is also sensitive to such changes. There is striking excess male mortality in all periods, especially among male infants and in particular male twins. The sex ratio at ‘birth’ is 92. This abnormal sex ratio at birth may be the result of conscious sex preference favouring females.     

重新认识晚清基督教民--兼评义和团运动中"打杀"教民现象

少数教民依恃洋教仗势为恶,为非作歹,激起教案,严重损害了教民的整体形象。然而,就多数教民而言,其来源或为精神失据,需要寻找精神安慰,或生活无着,为贫病饥寒所迫的社会弱势团体;其入教动机或是虔诚的信教者,或是“吃教”、“恃教”者。义和团运动的兴起发展,与少数痞匪教民恃教欺人,教士和官府对此加以袒护有一定关系。但在义和团运动中,多数教民是爱国的、善良的,他们被误杀是值得同情的。义和团“打杀”教民,有失于盲目仇杀,与小生产者的狭隘性有关,不过主要因素为封建顽固势力排外仇教政策的带头“示范”作用与受外国侵略势力的影响。     

国家主义下的缪思——《真理周刊》文艺作品研究

《真理周刊》是由七位中国基督徒所创办的杂志,虽然其单独发行的时间只有几年(后与《生命月刊》合并),但却是当时一份非常突出,也非常令教会界瞩目的刊物。它有两个特色:纯粹为国人出资办的刊物,没有外国人参与,自编自写,立场不受外人影响,主要是对时论发表意见,具有强烈的爱国主义精神;创办及日后加入者,多是当时社会上的精英分子。其发刊时正值1919年五四运动后的激情时期,发行地点又在北京,故在1923年创刊的《真理周刊》,不啻继承关切国是的传统,在宗教的情怀下为文,也同时借文艺创作表达其爱国思想,甚至是用文艺作品传达教义,形成所谓的"基督教文学"。