The implementation of digital technologies for operations management: a case study for manufacturing apps

Abstract

Manufacturing applications address business to business (B2B) with highly customised applications developed for specific requirements, offering highly specialised solution-oriented and service-based software components, systems, and digital tools that aim at a fast and accurate decision-making support system. The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation of digital technologies for operations management using manufacturing or engineering apps (eApps), for product design and manufacturing processes. In particular, starting from the specific needs of two companies from mature European industries as automotive and food, this work depicts how this kind of solutions can support companies and improve their operations. In particular, related benefits and challenges faced for the full implementation of the developed tools are highlighted. Moreover a business model to exploit the manufacturing apps is also proposed. The business model proposed for the exploitation of the eApps supports the commercialisation of all the revenue streams offered by this rapidly growing sector taking into account the specific needs of the concerned stakeholders through a diversified value proposition.     

多项目管理在大型建筑企业工程项目中的应用研究

本文针对我国当前大型建筑施工企业的工程项目管理,对多项目管理的控制管理应用研究,通过建立项目办公室,管理区域市场,有效地协调分配现有的资源,解决需求的冲突,开发出可靠和可重复使用的系统。     

并行工程产品开发过程定量化建模与计划制订

由于现有的一些并行工程定量化模型中修改设计微循环的细节特征描述得还不够充分 ,本文提出了一种新的基于产品 -工艺设计活动对网络的定量化模型来描述并行工程产品开发过程 ,并且给出了产品 -工艺设计活动对平均持续时间与产品或工艺设计活动资源占用率的计算方法 .在此基础上 ,将并行工程产品开发过程的计划制订问题建模成一个有资源约束的项目调度问题 .与其它此类问题不同的是 ,在本文中 ,分配给产品开发项目的各类资源的数量不是事先给定的 ,而是与最优产品开发计划一起获得的 ,所以这是一个资源分配与计划制订的集成优化问题 .本文提出了一种新的基于分枝定界的算法来解决此问题并引入一个启发式规则来提高算法的搜索效率     

A Probabilistic Methodology for the Assessment of Safety from Dropped Loads in Offshore Engineering

Pipeline damage by dropped objects from crane activities is a significant hazard for offshore platform installations. In this paper a probabilistic methodology is utilized for the estimation of the pipeline impact and rupture frequencies; this information is obtained both for the overall pipeline section exposed to the hazard and for a number of critical locations along the pipeline route. The presented algorithm has been implemented in a computer program that allows the analysis of a large number of possible drop points and pipeline target point locations. This methodology may be used in common risk analysis studies for evaluating the risk for platform personnel from dropped objects; however, the proposed technique may also be useful for other applications where engineering judgment has so far been the main driving criterion. In particular, two sample cases have been analyzed. The first one is the problem of selecting the best approaching route to a platform. By analyzing different route alternatives, a reduction of the impact frequency and therefore of the risk for the platform personnel may be achieved. The second application deals with the selection of the location for a safety valve at the riser base. The analysis may give useful information, such as the highest impact frequency location and the rupture frequencies upstream and downstream of the valve as a function of the valve position; this information, together with the transported medium inventory upstream of the valve, may give the designer a documented and justifiable rationale for selecting the best location for the valve from a safety point of view.     

艺术设计学科建设探索

艺术设计学科本身是一门时代感要求强的综合性、应用性学科.为了更好地适应和服务于我国市场经济发展和国际经济一体化进程的需要,必须进一步加强建设、加快发展,以推动其早日成长为一门成熟的、具有鲜明特色更能发挥育人和服务社会等功能的优势学科.     

建设工程项目筹资结构优化

工程项目建设 ,必须要有足够的资金支持 ,面对庞大的资金需求 ,可以从资本市场上寻求投资资金 ,因而如何使筹资结构优化便成为一个重要问题。从筹资方式选择入手 ,分析几种常见筹资手段的特点 ,从中寻求最优筹资结构组合 ,力求避免目前筹资结构单一 ,筹资决策盲目性等问题     

关于推行工程保险制度的探讨

我国即将推行以承包商履约担保和业主支付担保为核心的工程风险管理制度，在工程建设领域强制实行工程保险制度已提到日程上来．本文就推行工程保险制度的必要性与可行性及椎行工程保险制度应采取的措施等问题进行探计．     

对工程建设监理的思考

搞好工程建设监理 ,应强化廉政思想 ,公正、独立、科学地开展监理 ;坚持工程质量控制原则 ,强化施工现场监督 ;控制好工程投资 ,把握住建设工期     

关于充实“软件工程”课程内容的探讨

本文阐述了充实“软件工程”课程内容的必要性、具体方法与措施。     

人机工程学的发展及人机系统的可靠性

本文介绍了人机工程学(工效学)这一新兴边缘学科的研究内容、发展及现状,讨论了人-机系统的可靠性并着重讨论了人的操作可靠性,探讨了按人为差错进行可靠性分析与可靠性估计的人为差错和可靠性分析逻辑推演法(HERALD法)及系统能力方法(SC方法)。 本文的结论可供系统管理工作者及设计工作者,特别是可靠性管理及可靠性设计工作者参考。