Meta‐analysis of QTc interval – pooling data from heterogeneous trials

A diverse range of non‐cardiovascular drugs are associated with QT interval prolongation, which may be associated with a potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmia known as torsade de pointes. QT interval has been assessed for two recent submissions at GlaxoSmithKline. Meta‐analyses of ECG data from several clinical pharmacology studies were conducted for the two submissions. A general fixed effects meta‐analysis approach using summaries of the individual studies was used to calculate a pooled estimate and 90% confidence interval for the difference between each active dose and placebo following both single and repeat dosing separately. The meta‐analysis approach described provided a pragmatic solution to pooling complex and varied studies, and is a good way of addressing regulatory questions on QTc prolongation. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

连续伪压缩映射有限簇的显式迭代程序的收敛性

通过引入一类新的更具实际意义的显式迭代格式，证明了Banach空间中连续伪压缩映射有限簇一些极限的存在性，并在此基础上给出了任意实Banach空间中连续伪压缩映射有限簇强收敛于其公共不动点的充要条件，改进了已有的结果．     

我国语音业务市场营销:基于扩散和替代的分析

利用Bass创新扩散模型对中国移动电话和固定电话业务市场进行扩散和替代分析,利用拟合度最优的方法得出中国两类语音业务市场的用户峰值,并且推测出达到峰值所需要的时间,最后得出中国语音业务市场的最大普及率。     

基于面板数据的企业资本结构影响因素实证分析

企业资本结构决策是公司金融理论与实践中的重要问题。实证结果表明:不同行业企业的资本结构存在显著差异;即使某些行业企业的资本结构受到相同因素的影响,这些影响因素对不同行业企业资本结构的影响力也各不相同;企业的资本结构还受到许多与各企业紧密相关但却难以控制或是根本观察不到的因素的显著影响。     

湖南省城乡消费差距研究

对近几年,湖南省城乡居民消费差距不仅没有缩小,反而呈逐年扩大的趋势,从实证角度分别比较了湖南省城乡居民的总消费差距及各项消费差距,最后提出了缩小城乡消费差距的几点建议。     

关于学术期刊创新的思考

学术期刊发行量小、经济效益差是制约期刊发展的瓶颈，办刊受传统办刊思想束缚、价值观念发生倾斜，又受人力、物力、财力的限制影响学术期刊创新。意识创新、机制创新、质量创新、走集团化发展道路、与国外同行联合办刊、加快学术期刊网络化、广告经营与编校分离是学术期刊创新的思路和对策。     

THE IMPACT OF METHOD CHOICE ON META-ANALYSIS

This paper focusses mainly on three crucial choices identified in recent meta-analyses, namely (a) the effect of using approximate statistical techniques rather than exact methods, (fa) the effect of using fixed or random effect models, and (c) the effect of publication bias on the meta-analysis result. The paper considers their impact on a set of over thirty studies of passive smoking and lung cancer in non-smokers, and addresses other issues such as the role of study comparability, the choice of raw or adjusted data when using published summary statistics, and the effect of biases such as misclassification of subjects and study quality. The paper concludes that, at least in this example, different conclusions might be drawn from metaanalyses based on fixed or random effect models; that exact methods might increase estimated confidence interval widths by 5–20% over standard approximate (logit and Mantel-Haenszel) methods, and that these methods themselves differ by this order of magnitude; that taking study quality into account changes some results, and also improves homogeneity; that the use of unadjusted or author-adjusted data makes limited difference; that there appears to be obvious publication bias favouring observed raised relative risks; and that the choice of studies for inclusion is the single most critical choice made by the modeller.     

辽宁省内向FDI与对外贸易关系研究

随着经济全球化的稳健发展,FDI和国际贸易日渐成为两种最重要的国际经济活动,贸易投资一体化已然成为贸易和投资的主流。采用1990—2013年数据,通过图表等形式分别从总量、比重等方面对辽宁省FDI与国际贸易的现状进行分析,总结出二者发展的特点。同时分别从贸易进出口和贸易方式两大方面对二者的关系进行实证研究,通过单位根检验、协整检验以及格兰杰因果检验,指出FDI与贸易进出口双向存在因果关系,与贸易方式存在正向相关关系,并提出政策建议。     

Nonmarital Relationships and Changing Perceptions of Marriage Among African American Young Adults

Cohabitation has become increasingly widespread over the past decade. Such trends have given rise to debates about the relation between cohabitation and marriage in terms of what cohabitation means for individual relationship trajectories and for the institution of marriage more generally. Using recent data from a sample of almost 800 African Americans and fixed effects modeling procedures, in the present study the authors shed some light on these debates by exploring the extent to which cohabitation, relative to both singlehood and dating, was associated with within‐individual changes in African Americans' marital beliefs during the transition to adulthood. The findings suggest that cohabitation is associated with changes in marital beliefs, generally in ways that repositioned partners toward marriage, not away from it. This was especially the case for women. These findings suggest that, for young African American women, cohabitation holds a distinct place relative to dating and, in principle if not practice, relative to marriage.     

Parents' Death and Adult Well‐being: Gender,Age, and Adaptation to Filial Bereavement

The authors investigated how filial bereavement affects the subjective well‐being of adult children. They used data from the German Socio‐Economic Panel Study to examine temporal profiles of life satisfaction in 2,760 adult children ages 17–70 who moved through the stages of anticipation of, reaction to, and adaptation to a parent's death. Fixed effects models covering up to 11 yearly measurements per respondent revealed that the negative effects of parental loss on life satisfaction varied substantially by gender and age. First, daughters who lost their mothers experienced the deepest drops in life satisfaction. Second, negative effects were stronger if filial bereavement was “off time”: children who lost a parent in younger adulthood experienced steeper declines in life satisfaction. Daughters who are untimely bereaved of their mothers did not fully adapt even several years after the death.