蒙藏关系下的文化变迁和民族认同——以青海省河南蒙古族为例

青海省河南蒙古族与藏族交错而居,两个民族长期相互接触,由于族体规模上的差异和自然条件的原因,在文化传播中主要表现为蒙古族对藏族文化的采借和适应,以致从外部特征似难将当地蒙古族从藏族中分辨出来。但细加考察,蒙古族的客观认同和主观心理归属感仍然清晰可见。在融洽的民族关系中,蒙藏之间仍然保持着融而未合、和而未同的特点。     

Leveraging the common and outsourcing the distinct: institutional difference and multinational company identity in emerging economies

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the challenges of outsidership faced by multinational companies (MNCs) accessing emerging economies. The paper departs from popular conceptualisations of culture drawing instead on social identity theory as part of an institutions-based view, to explain how employing a singularities approach can allow the identification of commonalities of Indianness and Australianness that can be leveraged to ameliorate negative socially embedded business norms that pose a challenge to MNC success in emerging economies. This study shows that despite recognised formal (regulatory) and informal (cultural) differences, managers of Australian MNCs operating in India were able to innovatively identify and exploit cultural commonalties/singularities to ease cultural adjustment and mitigate intergroup conflict, allowing them to achieve an innovative institutional fit. The paper discusses how, using this approach, sole-venture MNCs can access many of the benefits provided by collaborative entry modes while preserving MNC identity. We further propose that the singularities approach can provide a valuable starting point to develop culturally appropriate competence training initiatives.     

Education,identity, and ideology: the Islamic movement and Moslem religious education in Israel

The Islamic Movement, which is called in Arabic Al-harakaat al-islamiyya or Al-haraka al-islamiyya, has, since its foundation in the 1970s, placed emphasis on education, especially the dissemination of the Islamic message. After the movement scored significant successes in local authority elections, its influence increased on the ideological guidelines according to which some of the Arab education system is partially or fully shaped. The article discusses the split in the movement within the State of Israel, and the differences between the southern and northern faction. It also compares Islamic education and Arab education within Israel and abroad in Europe, in countries which have large immigrant Moslem populations.

The education system that the Islamic Movement tries to develop symbolizes the complexity of the relations between it and the state authorities. They are aware that the authorities will not help in differentiation and separation and will not cease from the constant supervision of the movement's educational institutions. Therefore, their choice of a synthesis between formal and informal education or of a partition between pedagogic state education and moral study classes, is a rational, calculated choice, taking into consideration the reality of a cultural – ethnic – national minority.     

《根》中黑人文化身份的嬗变与重建?

《根》是美国黑人作家亚历克斯·哈利在二十世纪七十年代出版的一部家史小说。小说在追溯家族七代黑人曲折命运的过程中,清晰折射出黑人祖先身上不同的文化身份。通过对黑人家族三个典型人物文化认同的分析来探析黑人文化身份的嬗变与重建过程,这将对文化大融合背景下的少数边缘人群寻找精神归宿起到一定的指导意义。     

蒙元初期的丝绸之路与国家治理

13世纪,随着蒙元帝国的兴起和边界的快速推移,新疆由传统的中国边疆西域变为帝国版图的核心区。四通八达的交通和保障有力的驿站运输,保证了帝国一统天下,重构了此前衰微的丝绸之路。移藩去篱、交叠有效的治理,使蒙元帝国在多元互动、交融共生之中走向繁盛,生动诠释了“丝路精神”,促进了中华民族的形成,为人类文明发展做出了贡献。“一带一路”建设会使新疆由中国“边疆”跃居亚太“核心”,为更多国家和地区的人民带来福祉,促进中国与世界的和平发展。     

文学模糊语言的翻译及译者的地位

本文旨在讨论模糊语言与翻译的关系.以虚对实,以模糊语言翻译原文的准确语言;以虚对虚,以模糊语言翻译原文中的模糊语言;以实对虚,以精确语言翻译原文中的模糊语言等角度探讨模糊语言翻译的方法.在翻译文学模糊语言中,译者应当明确自己的角色和作用,使译文文本同原文一样呈开放性的结构,让译文读者介入其中,去解读,去阐释,从而获得共鸣.     

大学生认知方式与德育方法的优化

认知方式划分为场依存和场独立两种类型,大学生认知方式与德育方法实施产生的效果有相关性。笔者认为应构建"以人为本"的德育方法论体系,根据大学生不同的认知方式采取分类指导原则,实施相应的有针对性和实效性的德育方法。     

Ethnic Identities under the Tourist Gaze

This paper examines the construction of Bai ethnicity and Bai identity on the tourist market in Dali, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, China. Focusing on how the social landscape of Dali has changed in response to the development of tourism, this paper explores how Bai ethnicity is advocated as a product loaded with potential economic values. The author discovers that ‘commerce of authenticity’ (T. Oakes, Tourism and modernity in China. London, Routledge, 1998 Oakes, T. 1998. Tourism and modernity in China, London: Routledge.  [Google Scholar]), and different forms of ethnicity and artefacts promoted in the tourist market have not drowned out the sense of being ethnically Bai. Instead, the tourist industry has become a daily reminder of ethnicity to both insiders and outsiders by making people more self-conscious and reflexive about the ‘cultural stuff’ that they may have previously taken for granted, or may have left unattended. This paper demonstrates how locals actively appropriate state-defined categories and reshape them into the repertoire they desire.     

论左联机关刊物《北斗》主编丁玲的身份转换意识

主编《北斗》是丁玲由“同路人”转变为革命的“螺丝钉”的开始。文章通过考察其由一位20年代末以出版同人期刊书籍为乐的女编辑,到担任左联机关刊物《北斗》主编这一身份转换中自我认知历程,探讨了丁玲新的“角色知觉”的觉醒与“角色适应”之间复杂矛盾的精神世界。     

符号学视野下体育与少数民族的国家认同构建

体育与少数民族国家认同问题是一个重要的研究课题,学界目前主要就体育现象本身进行对比或论证少数民族国家认同,而缺乏符号学这一简约方法的深层次解读。国家认同是各种象征符号的集合。体育是一种天然的符号,具有丰富的文化象征含义。因而从符号学视野探究体育与少数民族国家认同具有重要的理论与现实意义。少数民族的国家认同核心是政治认同与文化认同,体育的物源符号化、自然寓意、伴随文本意义、元语言解读、共同记忆塑造功能,有力促进现代国家少数民族国家认同。认清体育符号的标出性历史反转趋势,采取适当宽幅的文化选择,加强体育元语言的解读,充分利用体育符号媒介作用,增强少数民族文化自觉与自信、强化中华“多元一体”认识,厘清国家政治边界,从而有力促进少数民族国家认同的构建。