关于电阻测量几种方法的讨论

本文对电阻的测量方法及误差修正进行了比较和分析，并给出合理、直观、简捷的实验测试手段。     

多工序质量检验点设置的经济分析

从经济分析的角度,对多工序质量检验点设置问题进行了全面的经济分析.文中给出了 m 道工序设置检验点与否的费用发生情况,建立了 m 道工序是否设置质量检验点的一般经济分析模型,并给出了实际应用时的计算流程图.     

M-Estimates of regression when the scale is unknown and the error distribution is possibly asymmetric: A minimax result

Huber (1964) found the minimax-variance M-estimate of location under the assumption that the scale parameter is known; Li and Zamar (1991) extended this result to the case when the scale is unknown. We consider the robust estimation of the regression coefficients (β₁,…,β_p) when the scale and the intercept parameters are unknown. The minimax-variance estimates of (β₁,…,β_p) with respect to the trace of their asymptotic covariance matrix are derived. The maximum is taken over ?-contamination neighbourhoods of a central regression model with Gaussian errors (asymmetric contamination is allowed), and the minimum is taken over a large class of generalized M-estimates of regression of the Mallow type. The optimal choice of estimates for the nuisance parameters (scale and intercept) is also considered.     

ST公司预警误判与会计信息质量关系的经验研究

本文以ST公司预警的相关判别模型为基础,经验地揭示了会计报表信息质量对ST公司预警误判的影响。研究表明:我国ST公司预警误判的原因在很大程度上与会计报表信息质量有关。为此,本文建议加快具体会计准则颁布和实施步伐,不断强化审计责任和监管部门的责任,提高会计信息质量。     

高校的腐败现象成因及对策思考

列举了当前高校在招生、考试、建设工程、物资采购等领域存在的腐败现象,分析了滋生腐败现象的原因,提出加强监督,加强思想道德和纪律教育,把好选人用人入口关,注重制度建设,创建反腐倡廉"四不"长效机制,落实责任制等对策措施,以加强高校的反腐倡廉工作,确保高校改革发展稳定工作的稳步推进。     

Learning from the Piper Alpha Accident: A Postmortem Analysis of Technical and Organizational Factors

The accident that occurred on board the offshore platform Piper Alpha in July 1988 killed 167 people and cost billions of dollars in property damage. It was caused by a massive fire, which was not the result of an unpredictable "act of God" but of an accumulation of errors and questionable decisions. Most of them were rooted in the organization, its structure, procedures, and culture. This paper analyzes the accident scenario using the risk analysis framework, determines which human decision and actions influenced the occurrence of the basic events, and then identifies the organizational roots of these decisions and actions. These organizational factors are generalizable to other industries and engineering systems. They include flaws in the design guidelines and design practices (e.g., tight physical couplings or insufficient redundancies), misguided priorities in the management of the tradeoff between productivity and safety, mistakes in the management of the personnel on board, and errors of judgment in the process by which financial pressures are applied on the production sector (i.e., the oil companies' definition of profit centers) resulting in deficiencies in inspection and maintenance operations. This analytical approach allows identification of risk management measures that go beyond the purely technical (e.g., add redundancies to a safety system) and also include improvements of management practices.     

谈我国食品安全法律与监管体系的营造和完善

食品安全涉及多部门、多层面、多环节,是一个复杂的系统工程。从当前来看,应尽快建立健全食品安全法律体系和统一协调、权责明晰的监管体系,以促进我国食品安全水平的全面提高。     

高校纪检监察机构履职状况调查及影响因素探析

基于访谈和问卷调查结果,文章从履职内容与方法手段、履职资源和履职的效果等维度,力图全面细致地刻画高校纪检监察机构的履职状况。借助组织要素和利益相关者两个视角,同时结合访谈结果,确定高校纪检监察机构履职过程的四类影响因素。进而以此分类框架为内在逻辑,从促进性和制约性两个向度展开逐类分析。最终就高校纪检监察机构的履职状况给出总体判断,并将结论与已有的研究进行参互对照,置于实践背景中进行观照,讨论研究的意义与价值。     

对我国行政监察制度现状的思考

行政监察是行政过程中的一个重要环节,它是行政机构制定的行政决策能否有效地予以执行的有力保证.随着社会的飞速发展,社会变得日益复杂,承担社会管理的行政机构的任务也相应地日益复杂.行政活动如果缺少了行政监察这一环节,就很难做到快速行政、有效行政.因此,本文针对我国行政监察制度现状中存在的主要问题,提出完善我国监察制度的一些建议.     

M-Estimators of Scale with Minimum Gross Errors Sensitivity

The median absolute deviation (MAD) is known to be the M-estimator of scale with minimum gross errors sensitivity (GES) when the error distribution is known to be symmetric and strongly unimodal. The problem considered here is to find the Fisher consistent M-estimator with minimum GES when the error distribution is symmetric but not necessarily unimodal. Under some general conditions, the score function χ corresponding to the minimizing M-estimator has the form χ(x) = ?1 when |x| < a; χ(x) = c when a < |x| < b; χ(x) = 1 when |x| > b. An example is given in which the M-estimator with minimum GES does not correspond to the MAD.