Dimensions Of Well-Being And Their Measurement: The Spf-Il Scale

What are the dimensions of well-being? That is, what universal goals need to be realized by individuals in order to enhance their well-being? Social production function (SPF) theory asserts that the universal goals affection, behavioral confirmation, status, comfort and stimulation are the relevant dimensions of subjective well-being. Realization of these substantive goals and the perspective on opportunities to realize these goals in the future contributes to the affective and cognitive component of well-being. The theoretical elaboration of this theory has been published elsewhere. This paper provides a measurement instrument for the dimensions of well-being. To measure levels of affection, behavioral confirmation, status, comfort and stimulation and empirically validate the dimensions of well-being, the SPF-IL scale was developed. This paper presents findings from a pilot study (n=145), the main study (n=1094), a test–retest examination (n=163), and a validation study (n=725). The measurement model was tested by means of structural equation modeling. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the dimensional structure of well-being indicating construct validity. The overall fit of the model was sufficient, in spite of the somewhat problematic measurement of status, and the test–retest study showed an acceptable level of stability. As for the content validity of the dimensions and their measurement, various sub-studies showed that the SPF-IL scale is a valid instrument, doing at least as well as popular measures of overall well-being but also specifying its dimensions.     

公私合营（PPP）项目的规制研究

恰当的规制是公私合营制（PPP）项目健康发展的重要保证,同时如何对PPP项目进行恰当规制也是学术界研究的热点问题.文章采用文本分析方法,对PPP项目规制的内涵、目标以及规制体系的研究成果进行了综合分析.结果表明,目前宏观层面上的研究较少,一些学者只是提出了规制体系建立的思路与原则,大部分研究则集中在规制体系的微观层面即规制实施主体及规制工具等方面.动态的价格规制研究、规制体系中各要素间的关系研究及规制的可信性问题的研究是PPP项目规制未来的研究方向.     

票据质押若干问题研究

票据质押是社会经济发展的产物,我国《票据法》《担保法》规范这种行为比较粗略,需进一步完善.作者认为,票据质押不是票据行为;票据质权可以有条件的适用善意取得制度;质押的票据可以进行承诺转质.     

壮族天琴源流探微——壮族天琴文化研究之二

通过对文献和田野调查资料的分析,初步认为:壮族天琴发源于广西龙州县金龙镇(古为金龙峒),源自当地原住民族壮族布傣族群在祭祀活动中使用的礼器或法器"叮鼎",其早期历史可以追溯到距今两千多年以前的战国至汉代的骆越人。宋至清代流传至凭祥、宁明、防城等地,中法战争后流传到与广西相邻的越南地区。     

水下高围压射流模拟装置的工程设计及测试分析

设计了水下高围压射流模拟装置的主体部分和辅助部分。结合对模拟装置的理论模型分析。实验测试了水下高围压射流模拟装置伴随射流时内部的压力变化过程,并验证了理论模型。     

宇航精密仪表及零件用LY12铝合金的尺寸稳定性

综述了宇航精密仪表及零件用LY12铝合金的尺寸稳定性,分析了影响尺寸稳定性的因素,提出了改善尺寸稳定性的途径.     

戈德尔的市场自由道德理论评介

戴卫·戈德尔是继罗尔斯之后 ,对契约主义思想影响最大 ,同时也带来了最多争议的思想家之一。他从塑造理想市场的需要出发界说人的道德与理性 ,认为二者同市场的运行原则———有限制最大化是和谐一致的。道德与理性的一致性假设虽然能够有效解决市场分析中的市场失灵问题 ,但是 ,这一假设本身依赖于一个理想市场的优先存在。两个假设的相互依赖最终使得戈德尔的道德学说陷入了解释学的循环     

Choosing the Number of Instruments

Properties of instrumental variable estimators are sensitive to the choice of valid instruments, even in large cross‐section applications. In this paper we address this problem by deriving simple mean‐square error criteria that can be minimized to choose the instrument set. We develop these criteria for two‐stage least squares (2SLS), limited information maximum likelihood (LIML), and a bias adjusted version of 2SLS (B2SLS). We give a theoretical derivation of the mean‐square error and show optimality. In Monte Carlo experiments we find that the instrument choice generally yields an improvement in performance. Also, in the Angrist and Krueger (1991) returns to education application, when the instrument set is chosen in the way we consider, it turns out that both 2SLS and LIML give similar (large) returns to education.     

Semiparametric inference for estimating equations with nonignorably missing covariates

We consider statistical inference of unknown parameters in estimating equations (EEs) when some covariates have nonignorably missing values, which is quite common in practice but has rarely been discussed in the literature. When an instrument, a fully observed covariate vector that helps identifying parameters under nonignorable missingness, is available, the conditional distribution of the missing covariates given other covariates can be estimated by the pseudolikelihood method of Zhao and Shao [(2015), ‘Semiparametric pseudo likelihoods in generalised linear models with nonignorable missing data’, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 110, 1577–1590)] and be used to construct unbiased EEs. These modified EEs then constitute a basis for valid inference by empirical likelihood. Our method is applicable to a wide range of EEs used in practice. It is semiparametric since no parametric model for the propensity of missing covariate data is assumed. Asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator and the empirical likelihood ratio test statistic are derived. Some simulation results and a real data analysis are presented for illustration.