语用学的跨学科性研究及其意义

目前，跨学科性研究成为当代语用学的一种新进路，具有学科互涉融合化、解释趋向认知化与研究范式复杂化等特征，对 当代语用学的发展具有重要的方法论意义和价值。     

The Role of Interdisciplinary Analysis in Bridging the Gap Between the Technical and Human Sides of Risk Assessment1

It is readily observable that there is a wide gulf between the manner by which the lay public and the manner by which technical experts assess the risks of complex technologies and assimilate these assessments in decisions regarding the acceptance or rejection of technological options. On the public side, this gap in methods and value assessments is a major source of distrust of technical experts and disaffection with the social management of technology. From the viewpoint of the technical experts who introduce or regulate technologies, this gap is both a cauldron of frustration and a perceived justification for paternalistic technocratic decision-making that further alienates important segments of the public. It is the author's belief that unless our society learns how to progress in bridging these gaps within the framework of a comparative mode of risk-cost-benefit analysis of options, the potential net benefits of certain technologies such as commercial nuclear power could well be lost to our society. Research on public risk perception, while potentially an important component in achieving this objective, needs to be restructured from its present static orientation to meet the needs of forward-looking decision-making that accommodates dynamic learning processes of both the public and technical experts as well as the “learning curves” of technological improvements historically accompanying successful innovations. Moreover, no less attention needs to be devoted to improved benefit assessment along with ethical and equity considerations in decision-making involving the reconciliation of conflict between individual and societal interests. This paper examines the vital importance of interdisciplinary analysis in fulfilling these needs.     

Interdisciplinary and Interorganizational Research: Establishing the Science of Enterprise Networks

We review and discuss the evolution of interdisciplinary and interorganizational research in operations management and suggest directions for future investigations. The proposed operations management research focus is one that embraces a more holistic view of an “extended enterprise” which involves working with a new business model—the organization as a network. This methodology starts by treating the organization as a system that is enabled by information technology and is characterized by ubiquitous information sharing across traditional enterprise. Proper integration of technology, business processes and people factors needs to be developed to create higher value from networked enterprises. Operations management research future lies in establishing this science from an interdisciplinary perspective. We analyze this perspective in the context of papers published in the first 50 issues of Production and Operations Management and the related literature.     

媒介技术的美学维度

无论对于传播学还是美学,进行跨学科研究都具有十分重要的方法论意义。由于忽视技术在当代美学与传播学研究中的核心地位,当代传播美学无法真正融合美学与传播学,导致了学理层面上美学与传播的分裂困境。北美媒介生态学既立足于技术问题谈传播,又具有内在的美学品质,可以提供当代传播美学研究的新视野。     

The Contribution of Law and Social Work to Interdisciplinary Community Development and Peace Building in the Middle East

SUMMARY

Reducing inequity and strengthening civil society are both intrinsically related to peace building. This article outlines how social work and legal theory, coupled with an interdisciplinary practice framework, advance the development of community networks for the promotion of social rights as a medium for peace building in the Middle East. The combined effect of human rights advocacy, civic engagement, and the structuring and building of community, work to reduce inequality and promote civil society. Examples of interdisciplinary practice as implemented through the initiative of the McGill Middle East Program in Civil Society and Peace Building are presented. Finally, implications for interdisciplinary training for schools of social work are discussed.     

Treating Older Persons with Severe Mental Illness in the Community: Impact of an Interdisciplinary Geriatric Mental Health Team

Little information is available concerning community-based interventions to treat the growing number older persons with severe mental illness. This study examined treatment efficacy of a specialized interdisciplinary geriatric mental health team (mental health geriatric interdisciplinary teams or MHGITs) for 69 older clients with severe mental disorders. Depression, life satisfaction, health, and psychiatric and medical hospitalization data were gathered. A decrease in depressive symptoms and in psychiatric hospitalizations, and an increase in life satisfaction at 6 months were found. No change in health nor medical hospitalizations were reported. This study provides preliminary support for the feasibility and efficacy of a MGHIT approach in treating older community-dwelling adults with severe mental illnesses. Implications for social workers are discussed.     

Interdisciplinary Co-Facilitation of Support Groups for Parents of Children with Autism: An Opportunity for Professional Preparation

Skillful cofacilitation of groups provides group members with shared leadership, combined knowledge, and broadened problem-solving capability. Interdisciplinary cofacilitation offers group members different points of view and diverse professional expertise. This article presents a support group approach for parents of children diagnosed with autism and describes the benefits of interdisciplinary cofacilitation by social workers and early childhood special educators. The advantages and challenges of interdisciplinary cofacilitation are discussed.     

作为交叉学科的妇女/性别学

面对国内妇女/性别学学科发展的现实困惑,结合妇女/性别学学科的本质特征和国内外交叉学科的发展,指出在交叉学科下发展妇女/性别学是妇女/性别学学科建设和发展的新尝试和新趋向。以厦门大学妇女/性别研究与培训基地成功申报交叉学科妇女/性别研究博士点为例,提出目前妇女/性别学作为交叉学科建设时存在的问题和建议。     

近年来比较文学发展状况研究

近年来比较文学发展很快,呈现出了一些新的特点。教材建设成果迭出,学科理论注重方法论的构建,着眼学科的发展与创新,关注文学研究的焦点问题;在文学关系研究方面聚焦于中国当代文学的海外传播与接受、海外华人文学与海外华语文学、民族文学的比较、比较诗学、海外汉学等;在跨学科研究方面,将政治、教育等制度及宗教、地域文化、社会习俗、民间社团、语言学、符号学等对文学的影响纳入研究视野,并试图从文学、人类学的角度来重构文学观。比较文学以开放性、跨越性的姿态呈现于文学研究领域。