品牌和单品忠诚对在线消费者选择行为的影响研究

不同消费者对于不同品牌特性有不同的偏好和忠诚度,如果不考虑不同类型的偏好,不在消费者品牌选择模型中引入消费者的品牌忠诚或单品忠诚行为,将不能很好地刻画消费者购买行为的异质性和动态性,难以提高模型的解释力度。文章通过构建动态多项Logit离散选择模型,研究和鉴别在线渠道每一个消费者品牌忠诚因子和单品忠诚因子。研究发现,在线环境下消费者在可乐产品的选择上,不同的忠诚特性对在线消费者品牌选择的影响强度是不同的,其中单品忠诚对在线消费者品牌选择的影响最为显著,这不仅刻画了消费者购买概率的异质性,而且提高了模型的解释力度;不同的属性虽然会对在线消费者的品牌选择行为产生影响,但这种影响并不是孤立存在的,而是会受到其他属性或忠诚变量的影响而产生相应变化。     

公司治理影响债务期限结构类型吗?——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

本文采用面板数据,应用Logit模型和排序选择模型实证检验公司治理机制如何影响债务期限结构类型。研究发现公司治理确实对债务期限结构类型具有显著影响。经验结果大多支持治理水平高的公司,其内部人（管理者,控制股东）受到更严格的监督,债务供给者（银行）更愿意为其提供长期债务,其更倾向使用高的债务期限类型的论点。     

道德约束环境下的Nash实施

探讨了代理人发送信号的成本对社会选择规则可实施性的影响,证明了在存在道德约束的实施环境中,单调性不再是一个社会选择规则可Nash实施的必要条件。当代理人数量大于2时,满足一致性条件的社会选择规则都是可Nash实施的。当代理人数量等于2,满足交叉性条件和一致性条件的社会选择规则是可Nash实施的。结论表明:在实际的实施问题中,社会选择规则可实施的范围可能远远大于预期,在存在道德约束的实施环境中,一些不满足单调性但却满足一致性条件的社会选择规则,如Pareto规则都是可Nash实施的。     

基于关系租金视角的营销渠道模式选择谱系及案例研究

在中西方学者对渠道模式划分的基础上,参考学者马君等提出的企业关系治理谱系,提出了基于关系租金的渠道模式选择最优区间。研究表明,渠道模式选择受到资产专用/互补性程度、关系复杂/信息和知识共有化程度和贴现率的影响,而关系租金是进行渠道模式选择的重要标准之一,准市场化渠道关系租金大于市场化渠道和一体化渠道,因此,建立长期关系导向的准市场化渠道是渠道发展的最终归宿和最高境界,渠道模式决策最终形成了基于资产专用/互补性程度、关系复杂/信息和知识共有化程度和关系租金的选择谱系。案例研究也表明,建立在长期关系导向基础上的准市场化渠道模式所进行的专用性投资、信息和知识共有化以及有效规制建设可以给合作成员带来单一组织无法产生的关系租金和竞争优势。     

Inference in Dynamic Discrete Choice Models With Serially orrelated Unobserved State Variables

This paper develops a method for inference in dynamic discrete choice models with serially correlated unobserved state variables. Estimation of these models involves computing high‐dimensional integrals that are present in the solution to the dynamic program and in the likelihood function. First, the paper proposes a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo estimation procedure that can handle the problem of multidimensional integration in the likelihood function. Second, the paper presents an efficient algorithm for solving the dynamic program suitable for use in conjunction with the proposed estimation procedure.     

品牌基础问题研究评述

品牌问题一直是国际营销学术界的研究热点领域。对文献总结发现,在品牌基础问题的理论和方法研究中,主要集中在品牌认识、品牌选择和品牌发展3个方面。国内外研究者从不同的理论出发运用不同方法解释了品牌的认识、选择和发展,主要是分别从消费者和企业2个角度来分析和探讨品牌问题,但是缺乏二者之间互动关系的研究,使得品牌基础问题的研究不能为企业品牌创建、品牌战略和品牌延伸提供合理建议。     

城市交通中车辆择路行为实证研究

随机、时变的交通流分布,偶发的交通事故等因素导致了路径随机的车辆旅行时间,也决定了现实城市交通网络中只存在随机最短路.已有的路径选择研究大都假设人们力求选择最短路,而通过实际调查发现:人们的择路行为依赖出行情景,随出行目的、约束时间、对路径的熟悉程度以及路径的不确定程度而变化.验证了城市交通中人们在不确定环境下的择路行为也符合展望理论.     

High value manufacturing (HVM) in the UK: case studies and focus group insights

This paper studies the internal mechanisms that allow organisations to become high value manufacturing (HVM). Using a qualitative methodology, three UK manufacturing companies formed in-depth case studies with semi-structured interviews, observations and historical data. The HVM value matrix of Martinez and co-workers is used to categorise each organisation’s value proposition. Wider benchmarking of the three organisations was carried out against a focus group with an additional seven manufacturing organisations. Thus, data from 10 manufacturing organisations are included in this research. The cases follow the ‘customer intimacy’ HVM discipline. The business processes supporting these value propositions were identified. Interestingly, each organisation’s desired value proposition differs from their current one. ‘Technological integrators’ predominantly rely on new product development (NPD) and Strategy processes, whereas ‘Socialisors’ rely predominantly on Strategy and Customer Relationship processes. Companies can use the findings to better understand their current HVM value proposition and, where necessary, plan their transition to a future desired HVM value proposition.     

基于ART及多风险规避的交通网络均衡模型

随着对交通系统不确定性认识的深入,以绝对理性为基础的“期望效用理论”在风险环境下的路径选择分析中显示出局限性,而“预期后悔理论”则为之提供了新的分析思路.将预期后悔理论应用到风险环境下的路径选择分析中,将出行者一致风险规避的假设扩展到多风险规避,建立了基于后悔理论及多风险规避出行特征的交通网络随机用户均衡变分不等式模型,并给出了求解算法.通过算例分析发现,后悔心理对出行者的路径选择并不总是显著的.在非风险环境及极端风险环境中,后悔心理对出行者的路径选择影响是微弱的,但是当环境处于极端风险与非风险之间时,后悔心理对出行者路径选择有着较为显著的影响.     

Tractable Consideration Set Structures for Assortment Optimization and Network Revenue Management

Discrete‐choice models are widely used to model consumer purchase behavior in assortment optimization and revenue management. In many applications, each customer segment is associated with a consideration set that represents the set of products that customers in this segment consider for purchase. The firm has to make a decision on what assortment to offer at each point in time without the ability to identify the customer's segment. A linear program called the Choice‐based Deterministic Linear Program (CDLP) has been proposed to determine these offer sets. Unfortunately, its size grows exponentially in the number of products and it is NP‐hard to solve when the consideration sets of the segments overlap. The Segment‐based Deterministic Concave Program with some additional consistency equalities (SDCP+) is an approximation of CDLP that provides an upper bound on CDLP's optimal objective value. SDCP+ can be solved in a fraction of the time required to solve CDLP and often achieves the same optimal objective value. This raises the question under what conditions can one guarantee equivalence of CDLP and SDCP+. In this study, we obtain a structural result to this end, namely that if the segment consideration sets overlap with a certain tree structure or if they are fully nested, CDLP can be equivalently replaced with SDCP+. We give a number of examples from the literature where this tree structure arises naturally in modeling customer behavior.