网络成瘾的心理根源及其干预

网络成瘾问题是当前网络普及背景下所产生的一类新的社会问题。从心理学的角度来看,网络成瘾的形成原因有多个方面,但其最根本的心理根源是人类本身存在着“去个性化”的特征,而网络的“去抑制性”正好迎合了人们这一心理特征并使其在网络使用的行为过程中表现出来。成功应对此类问题的关键在于实施积极的心理干预,综合运用精神分析法、认知行为疗法以及家庭疗法等多种方法,帮助当事人减少并最终消除自己的不适当或病态使用网络的行为,成功达到心理干预目的。     

认知的自我指导技术对高校体育教师教学监控能力的影响

采用认知的自我指导技术,对高校体育教师的教学监控能力进行干预训练。结果表明:干预训练不仅提高了体育教师的教学监控能力,而且提高了体育教师对教学的认知水平,改善了体育教师的教学行为,提高了高校体育教师的教学水平。     

自闭症儿童DTT与PRT干预模式的对比研究

应用行为分析（ABA）是公认的干预自闭症儿童行之有效的策略,并在世界范围内广泛应用。以应用行为分析为基础的干预模式有传统的回合教学法（(Discrete Trial Teaching,缩写DTT)和关键技能训练法(Pivotal Response Treatment,缩写PRT )。本文系统地分析自闭症儿童DTT与PRT干预模式的共同之处,以及PRT的理论特色以及操作技巧,从而明确PRT与DTT关系,为自闭症儿童教学者及研究者提供借鉴与参考。     

Systematic review of primary prevention human papillomavirus interventions targeting college students

ABSTRACT. Objectives: The purpose of this research was to systematically analyze human papillomavirus (HPV) interventions targeting college students. Methods: Completed interventions targeting general HPV prevention, HPV vaccine uptake, or antecedents of HPV vaccination uptake that used any quantitative design, published from January 2000 to January 2014 in the English language, were reviewed. Results: Twelve interventions met the criteria. Ten interventions produced 1 or more significant outcomes on primary or secondary variables of interest. Conclusions: Efficacy of interventions can be enhanced through tailoring materials and pretesting by sex, operationalizing theories, incorporating process evaluations, employing HPV vaccine uptake outcome measures, and utilizing Web-based delivery of programs.     

Childhood Autism and Proactive Family Coping: Intergenerational Perspectives

This article considers the value of intergenerational and specifically, grandparental support, in the management of adaptive tasks posed by raising a young child with autism. The tasks addressed range from accessing early intervention to enhancing family social functioning. We note unique social, financial, and health-related stressors faced by families of children with autism. We outline an innovative, stress theory-based framework, the Autism Proactive Intergenerational Adaptation (APIA) Model, which delineates the role of grandparents in contributing to family adaptation to the stresses of raising a child with autism. We focus on proactive family coping strategies in building resilience and ameliorating the adverse impact of stressors on quality of life (QOL) for individual family members and for the family unit. We discuss barriers and facilitators of intergenerational alliances involving grandparental participation and support.     

西部大开发中的市场失灵与政府干预

西部地区发展存在着基础设施建设滞后、商业结构上游化生态条件脆弱、支柱产业的行政垄断、东西部协作信息不对称、东西部差距过大等诸多问题。单靠市场调节的力量,难以打破西部地区经济的结构刚性和体制障碍,需要加强政府干预。然而,加强政府干预并不必然是有效率的选择,只有在市场失灵的领域里,加强政府干预才有助于打破西部地区经济的结构刚性和体制障碍,实现区域经济协调发展的战略目标。     

Simultaneous inference of a misclassified outcome and competing risks failure time data

Ipsilateral breast tumor relapse (IBTR) often occurs in breast cancer patients after their breast conservation therapy. The IBTR status' classification (true local recurrence versus new ipsilateral primary tumor) is subject to error and there is no widely accepted gold standard. Time to IBTR is likely informative for IBTR classification because new primary tumor tends to have a longer mean time to IBTR and is associated with improved survival as compared with the true local recurrence tumor. Moreover, some patients may die from breast cancer or other causes in a competing risk scenario during the follow-up period. Because the time to death can be correlated to the unobserved true IBTR status and time to IBTR (if relapse occurs), this terminal mechanism is non-ignorable. In this paper, we propose a unified framework that addresses these issues simultaneously by modeling the misclassified binary outcome without a gold standard and the correlated time to IBTR, subject to dependent competing terminal events. We evaluate the proposed framework by a simulation study and apply it to a real data set consisting of 4477 breast cancer patients. The adaptive Gaussian quadrature tools in SAS procedure NLMIXED can be conveniently used to fit the proposed model. We expect to see broad applications of our model in other studies with a similar data structure.     

浅谈国有外贸企业自主经营权问题

本文就国有外贸企业自主经营权改革方面存在的产权问题、政府干预企业问题、企业依附政府问题、企业未能实现真正意义的自负盈亏问题,进行了原因分析,并提出了解决问题的相应措施     

生态城市的建设理念

确立起正确的建设理念,是生态城市建设在认识层面的基础性环节,是指导生态城市建设全面推进的依据和实施正确人工干预的前提。为此本文从城市发展与运行、城市规划建设、城市区位选择与规模、城市绿化、资源利用和生活方式6个方面提出了生态城市的基本建设理念。     

Race Relations: A Survey of Potential Intervention Strategies

Despite a broad sociological consensus that racism is indefensible, it is not always obvious which is the best way to intervene to prevent it. The primary strategies available are (1) the moral model, (2) the social engineering model, (3) the clinical/educational model, and (4) the cultural/structural model. Each of these, however, has its limitations, with the last being the most comprehensive and historically informed.