关联域角下汉语拟亲属称谓语的翻译

本文着眼于探究汉语拟亲属称谓语的英译方法。众所周知,汉语拟亲属称谓语具有鲜明的汉民族文化特色,正是这点造成语言交流间的困难。本文从跨文化角度出发,借助于关联理论,语用对等原则探讨了翻译该类词语的适用方法:具体化,转换,省略,信息替代以及音译加注。在提出方法的同时,文中列举实例指出亲属称谓语语际翻译最终应达到语用对等的目的,从而实现交际价值。     

董事长和实际控制人的关联与企业绩效的关系

从董事长和实际控制人关联的视角,以2012—2016年间中国民营上市公司为对象,深入考察董事长和实际控制人的关联、市场化程度对企业绩效的影响,并在此基础上研究董事长和实际控制人的关联对企业绩效的影响如何因市场化程度的不同而改变。结果表明:董事长和实际控制人的关联、市场化程度对企业绩效均起到正向促进作用;市场化程度会弱化调节董事长和实际控制人的关联程度给企业绩效带来的正向影响。     

关于"亲亲互隐"、"爱有差等"的争鸣

近年来中国哲学界在争论孔子论“父子互隐”和孟子论舜及“爱有差等”的问题。这一争论关涉到整个儒家伦理的历史和现代价值之评判。儒家伦理是一复杂的系统,仁与义、仁与礼、仁与智等德目之间是有张力的配合;儒家的仁、义、礼、忠、敬、信等德目都是社会性、公共性的,适用于公共生活及其秩序建构的;儒家一贯强调私恩与公义、公共领域与私人空间的区别;儒家的“仁爱”具有普遍性和超越性,道德主体所涵道德法则(理、义)必然有绝对的普遍性,并且是“爱有差等”思想的本体论基础;“父子互隐”的思想及与之相应的法律制度,恰恰包含着对人权的尊重和维护。     

欧盟国家人口老龄化及其对社会经济政策的影响

在未来 15年里 ,欧盟国家人口年龄结构将发生很大的变化 ,其中老年人口尤其高龄人口群 (80岁及以上 )比例增加较快。持续的低生育率和不断延长的人口预期寿命是加快人口老龄化进程的根本原因。人口老龄化带来一系列的社会经济影响 ,主要反映在劳动力资源及相关政策 ,老年福利制度 ,养老金制度 ,健康照料制度和移民政策等方面。     

First Nations parenting and child reunification: Identifying strengths,barriers, and community needs within the child welfare system

First Nations communities are seeking to improve current service delivery models and create alternative evidence‐based strategies. A First Nations child welfare organization has prioritized further understanding of reunification and parenting, including identification of successes and barriers to reunification, and service needs within communities. These priorities were addressed with a community‐based participatory research model and guided by a Research Advisory. Results were analysed using a blend of grounded theory and thematic analysis techniques. Participants indicated that placing children with extended family or within home communities facilitate best child outcomes. These reunifications could be increased by promoting parental and community capacity. Successes identified within communities included available supports, such as those that increased empowerment and community capacity. Identified barriers within communities were the lack of culturally appropriate services, hesitancy to obtain available support due to fears of child welfare intervention, and mental health difficulties of community member.     

华语与普通话亲属称谓语的泛化

以问卷方式对马来亚大学中文系和马来西来语文暨应用语言学系中文组共215名学生进行调查,比较大陆和马来西亚的亲属称谓语泛化的情况。结果显示,由于社会背景和西方文化的影响,马来西亚华人和中国大陆亲属称谓语泛化的程度和范围有所差异:对陌生人用亲属称谓语,而用零称谓或者礼貌语言为起始语的现象在马来西亚非常普遍。     

传统父系宗族中“族”的意义：以九族亲属制度的建构为例

本文主要讨论的是儒家九族制度的建构逻辑。九族制度是儒学经典记载的亲属制度，也是宗法制度的基础，它确立了一个以己为中心、逐渐外推的亲属圈子，并规定了一个人亲缘关系的范围。《礼记·丧服小记》说，“亲亲以三为五，以五为九，上杀、下杀、旁杀，而亲毕矣。”本文将对这句经文的解释和梳理为核心，讨论“九族”的建构过程。这一过程以“父—子”这一基本的人伦关系为基础，以“亲亲之杀”为核心原理，以“上杀”“下杀”“旁杀”为基本路径。此外，本文也对九族制度下“家”的基本形式进行了讨论。     

房屋之外：嘉绒藏区房名制度背后的政治逻辑与社会生活

嘉绒藏族的房名在区分重名之人等方面起到类似姓氏的社会功能,但与汉族姓氏不同的是,房名体现着人与特定房屋而非特定父系祖先的具体关系。房名的命名规律和房名之间语义关联所呈现的地方性面貌背后,是房名制度作为封建等级时代的土司治术,它以房屋为单元拆分了纳粮服役的强制性义务,并赋予每户居住者集生存需求和象征资本于一体的不完全性权利,以实现“分房而治”的政治意图。而跨越房屋单元的血缘关系集合体则保留了梅因意义上的“前封建社会”互助传统,使得代代沿袭的婚姻与继嗣实践潜在地“收拢”了这种分裂的趋势。政治-管理逻辑与亲属-互助实践两股力量围绕房屋交织生成的辩证张力,为我们理解人与房屋的关系提供了一个新的视角。     

Can't Buy Me Love: Gift-Giving Among Members of Criminal Organizations

This paper problematizes gift relations in criminal organizations. It adopts a symbolic interaction perspective to focus scholarly attention on the way in which actants skillfully maneuver within the social expectations inherent in gift-giving relations. The study is based on insights from twenty interviews with ex-convicts and ten interviews with police officers or associates, and an in-depth analysis of memoirs, police reports, and newspaper articles. Our study expands the scope of symbolic interactionism by considering how the exchange of gifts and favors is emotionally stylized to achieve both social and operative goals. We aim to carefully deconstruct the performance of gift-giving and favor exchange in Israeli crime organizations, to understand how it is orchestrated to elicit genuine feelings among givers and recipients, as well as to control the use of violence. Finally, we identify gift-giving as a double-edged sword designed to lure recruits into a network of binding obligations, only to form a durable system of credit and debt wherein any transgressions are strictly punished.     

Migrant visits over time: Ethnographic returning and the technological turn

This paper reflects on four decades of research (via ethnographic returning) to explore the social transformations in travel and communication technologies that have impacted the lived experiences, and consequently the theoretical conceptualization, of migrant visits. A comparison of migration waves between Italy and Australia reveals both continuities in visiting experience as deeply relational practices that facilitate a mutuality of being, but also transformations brought about by the technological turn. Visits take on different meanings depending on individual/ family life stage, generation, and community and national histories. The capacity for both physical and virtual copresence must be understood as coconstitutive, requiring a temporal perspective. The experiences of immobile migrants in residential care suggest that, in the context of rich histories of copresence over time, digital kinning can provide the capacity to share a mutuality of being that safeguards the socio-relational ties of individual and collective identities and belonging that make us human.