When is brokerage negatively associated with economic benefits? Ethnic diversity,competition, and common-pool resources

There is a growing body of literature positively linking dimensions of social capital to economic benefits. Yet recent research also points to a potential “dark side” of social capital, where over-embeddedness in networks and the pressures associated with brokerage are hypothesized to constrain actors, having a negative effect on economic outcomes. This dichotomy suggests that context is important, yet the overwhelming majority of existing empirical evidence stems from socially homogenous populations in corporate and organizational settings, limiting a broader understanding of when and how context matters. We advance this discourse to a socially fragmented, ethnically diverse common-pool resource system where information is highly valuable and competition is fierce. Merging several unique datasets from Hawaii's pelagic tuna fishery, we find that network prominence, i.e., being well connected locally, has a significant, positive effect on economic productivity. In contrast, we find that brokerage, defined here as ties that bridge either structurally distinct or ethnically distinct groups, has a significant, negative effect. Taken together, our results provide empirical support to widespread claims of the value of information access in common-pool resource systems, yet suggest that in ethnically diverse, competitive environments, brokers may be penalized for sharing information across social divides. Our results thus contribute to an emerging theory on the fragile nature of brokerage that recognizes its potential perils and the importance of context.     

China and global internet governance: toward an alternative analytical framework

Drawing on historical methods, this study assesses the conventional “cyber-sovereignty” framework, which has been used to capture and interpret China’s stance toward global Internet governance. This framework focuses on political control and tends to reduce China’s policies to the attempts by an authoritarian state to elevate governments and intergovernmental organizations to be the only legitimate governors of global cyberspace. As it traces the evolution of China’s relationship with the global Internet in the past three decades, the study demonstrates that China’s stance is more complex than the prevalent framework allows and that it is both built upon and different from the US-centric, market-oriented Internet governance scheme. This study recognizes the inadequacy of the conventional framework and invokes a theory of critical political economy of communication, thereby offering an alternative model to explicate the complex power dynamics behind China’s changing strategies. The alternative model advanced in this study is based on the understanding of China’s evolving approach as the product of multifaceted interactions among a group of power-holders that include both state agencies and business units on the transnational level.     

语料库在医学英语词汇教学中的应用

让语料库说话已经成为了语言学界的一个共识,真实的语料结合理性的分析不仅是语言研究也是英语词汇学习的重要 途径。语料库在医学英语词汇教学中有着巨大的潜力,通过语料库检索软件,引导学生对真实自然的语料进行按部就班的分 析、模仿、学习、应用,可以在很大程度上提升医学英语的词汇学习效率。     

黑龙江省资源型城市转型中应处理好的几个关系

黑龙江省作为全国煤炭、森林和石油等资源储量大省,随着资源的过度采掘,城市转型中的问题凸显。实证研究分析表明,黑龙江省资源型城市转型应注意城市的可持续发展,建立合理的产业结构,注重资源的利用与节约、环境保护与社会稳定等问题。同时,应处理好解放思想与实事求是、小康社会建设与现行体制、环境建设与社会效益、原有优势与现实差距、社会稳定与发展定位等五个方面关系,从而促进资源型城市转型的顺利进行。     

人力资源培训模式的发展趋势--资源整合培训模式

本文采纳开放系统的观点,结合资源依附理论,在人力资源培训模式的发展与改进方面做进一步研究,提出资源整合培训模式———在特定的资源系统中,利用先进技术手段挖掘开发多种可用于企业员工培训教育的资源,促进各类资源的综合协调,实现各种资源因素在培训中的整体优化功能,以提高企业员工综合素质、培养员工持续发展的一种具有特色的培训模式。     

论信息系统——ERP项目监理

信息系统工程监理在我国目前还是一个新生事物,无论是在理论研究上,还是在社会实践中,都还处于一个探索和起步阶段.要真正发挥ERP工程监理的作用,解决ERP成功率不高的问题,必须按照ERP工程的特点,建立相应的监理机制和实施模式.文章力图从ERP项目的特点和存在的问题出发,探讨ERP项目监理的有关问题.     

我国ISP企业人力资源管理的变革路径

现有的人力资源管理模式对国内ISP企业而言已明显滞后。建立基于知识管理和学习型组织的新型人力资源管理体系,方能保证国内ISP企业的持续发展。从塑造新型组织文化、建立虚拟运营小组、引进知识管理流程、创新绩效考核体系、推行宽带薪酬制度、实施人力资源管理系统等方面,提出了变革ISP企业人力资源管理的六种路径。     

城市停车产业化的投资激励机制探索

城市停车难已经成为制约城市治理的重要问题,停车产业化是解决城市停车难题的重要路径。停车产业化应明确界定政府、市场和社会之间的边界,加强城市停车供给侧结构性改革。增加停车供给可以通过政府机制或市场机制来实现,但市场机制具有天然的优势。当前,要积极发挥市场机制在资源配置中的决定性作用,积极推进停车资源的市场化供给;根据停车资源产业化、民营化和专业化的基本要求,积极营造良好的停车市场投资环境,鼓励民间资本的市场化经营;以民间资本的投资经营利润为激励机制,构建有利于停车资源时空配置的合理价格体系。     

心理契约与科技型小企业员工的激励分析

心理契约实质上是行为主体的自我激励机制。科技型小企业员工的激励要从建立和维护心理契约入手,建立基于能力和绩效的薪酬制度,对核心员工实施分享计划和奖金期权制,塑造以人为本的企业文化,提升员工的参与感和成就感,建立符合员工价值观且具有挑战性的企业愿景。     

威尔弗雷德·欧文诗歌的圣经母版——以《父子的故事》为例

《圣经》是许多英美经典作家和诗人文学艺术创作永恒的母题。一次世界大战期间英国著名的战地诗人威尔弗雷德·欧文也不例外。他有极浓厚的《圣经》情结,他的诗作通过化用《圣经》典故,将作品与钦定本《圣经》进行互文,从而增加了诗作的厚重、可读性和艺术魅力。本文考察了诗人的有关文化背景,分析了他的诗歌特色以及它们与钦定本《圣经》之间紧密的艺术关系。