First passage game

Appealing to the theory of stochastic games, a two-person, zero-sum first passage game, which may be viewed as a generalization of the first passage decision problem, is developed. In the first passage game, the players have stationary optional strategies and the values are unique and these can be computed using an algorithm for terminating stochastic games. It is also shown that the solution of a recurrence game is closely related to that of the first passage game. Finally, it is shown that a finite step stochastic game with nonstationary transition probabilities and payoffs can be converted to a first passage game whose solution yields a solution of the original finite step game. The first passage game so obtained has stationary transition probabilities and payoffs. Because of its special structure, the solution method reduces to a dynamic programming recursion in the context of games.     

加强语篇意识提高阅读能力

在英语教学中 ,加强学生的篇章阅读意识是提高学生阅读理解能力的有效途径之一。注意加强学生的篇章阅读意识 ,不仅可以提高阅读能力 ,而且有助于学生养成良好的英语阅读习惯     

遇难船舶避难准入法律问题研究

现行国际法体系下,关于遇难船舶是否有权进入沿海国水域避难,难以得出明确结论。国际海事组织在避难地问题上做出了巨大努力,但脱离避难准入权的单纯避难地的存在并不具有实质意义。鉴于绝对的避难准入权与国家主权原则存在直接冲突,遇难船舶避难问题更现实的解决路径是提高国际船舶标准及提倡船籍国承担责任原则,而非创设一种绝对的避难准入权。在国际法上对遇难船舶避难准入缺乏统一标准的大背景下,我国宜采取个案分析的方式,对具有污染威胁的遇难船舶进入我国水域进行适度干预。     

A Generalization of Geometric Brownian Motion with Applications

Although geometric Brownian motion has a great variety of applications, it can not cover all the random phenomena. The purpose of this article is to propose a model that generalizes geometric Brownian motion. We present some interesting applications of this model in financial engineering and statistical inferences for the unknown parameters.     

向内的反抗：霍尔顿人生成长的后阈限——《麦田里的守望者》的人类学仪式解读

阈限是人生历程中两个阶段间的临界点,是从一个人生阶段跨入另一个人生阶段的一种过渡状态。霍尔顿离开潘西中学走进纽约社会是他人生的前阈限,在纽约的一天两夜的经历和遭遇是其阈限期,而他一天两夜中坚持的向内的自我反抗,则是其人生的后阈限。当他置身于纽约社会复杂的关系中的时候,他的向内反抗,他的做一名麦田里的守望者的幻想,其实是在构建一个属于他自身的“‘自生的交融’的时刻”,以此保护和激活他的人生通过仪式,使之能够顺利走出青春成长的后阈限。     

《海华沙之歌》与通过仪式

英雄被巨鱼吞噬后脱险的主题具有普世性,它保留着成年礼的痕迹。英雄离去-历险-回归的主题群与分离-阈限-聚合的通过仪式的过程相对应。成年礼是最重要的通过仪式之一。而在《海华沙之歌》的"海华沙捕鱼"这一叙事片段中,不仅出现了离去-历险-回归的主题群,而且重点叙述了海华沙被大鲟吞噬后脱险的经历。从这两个方面可以肯定,这一叙事片段保留了成年礼的痕迹。海华沙捕鱼的故事由朗费罗创造性地重构印第安神话传说中麦尼博兹霍捕鱼的故事而来,该故事所携带的仪式因子依然留存在重构后的故事中,这说明神话传说与宗教仪式之间的联系是根深蒂固的。     

Experiencing menopause in the UK: The interrelated narratives of normality,distress, and transformation

ABSTRACT

We investigated the experience and perspectives of menopause among 48 UK mothers through qualitative in-depth interviews. Interviews were analyzed thematically then explored using social science theories. Three interdependent narratives emerged: menopause as a normal, biological process, distinct from self and social transitions; menopause as struggle, an “idiom of distress” expressing upset, identity loss, shame, and social upheaval; and menopause as transformative and liberating, arising from biopsychic and relational changes. Some women followed a predictable “rite of passage” trajectory with transformation emerging from distress, but not all: Menopause arises from a complex interplay of personal predicament, somatic change, and sociocultural context.     

楚简《老子》中的重文识读与分类

通过对郭店楚墓竹简《老子》中重文现象的识读,可将其归为同体重文和包孕重文两大类,前者又可归为同字重文、同词重文、同句重文三种,从而可丰富对古代文献书写符号的研究,并对重文号的识读进行科学的划分与规范。     

汽轮机中压缸气动设计中的损失分析

运用计算流体力学(CFD)方法对300 MW汽轮机中压缸的3种反动式改型方案的内部流场进行了数值模拟.根据计算结果分析了不同方案下的流动特性和参数变化,给出了多级效率,并分析了引起级内损失的原因.计算结果表明,反动式与冲动式两种设计方法得到的叶片效率相近;而后部加载叶型能有效抑制二次流,从而降低叶栅损失;叶片的前缘直径及弯曲角度对流场中涡结构有明显的影响.     

发展知识经济的两个重要问题

本文指出:我国发展知识经济的两个重要问题,一是实施知识创新工程、提高国家创新能力和国际竞争力;二是大力发展信息产业,尽快建立国内统一的电子通道.