AN ANALYSIS OF THE DEBATE ON INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY AND FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY IN AUSTRALIA

The authorities in a number of advanced countries have produced intergenerational reports that seek to determine the fiscal sustainability of current policy parameters. The Australian government will publish its Intergenerational Report in May 2002. This paper attempts to place these reports in analytical perspective. We examine the notion of intergenerational equity, the conceptual basis for generational accounting, Australian efforts at constructing generational accounts, and then review the intergenerational reports of several other countries. The paper concludes with a brief synoptic discussion of various policies that can help Australian governments achieve intergenerational balance in future.     

广东民办高等教育考察报告

通过对广东民办高等教育的考察 ,叙述了民办高等教育发展现状 ,阐述了民办高等教育的重要性 ,并提出了促进民办高等教育健康发展的政策建议。     

通货膨胀与清王朝的覆灭

在遭到八国联军致命打击后 ,清王朝为挽救其统治危机 ,被迫下诏实行新政。清末新政在经济方面的举措与戊戌变法时期相比已有所突破 ,但由于国库空虚 ,财力困绌 ,实施新政所需费用捉襟见肘 ,清廷在增加赋税未能奏效的情况下 ,采用了滥发货币的政策 ,结果引发了日益严重的通货膨胀 ,导致清王朝阶级矛盾更为尖锐 ,社会危机更加恶化 ,从而加速了清王朝的覆灭。     

1890-1894年德国远东政策的挑战与构想

1890-1894年是德意志第二帝国对外政策的重要分野。此时,俾斯麦的政治遗痕逐渐被德皇的扩张战略所冲刷。而以中日矛盾的不断升级为主线的远东事务则为第二帝国提供了一个能表明自身对外政策变化的舞台,从而使得德意志在远东的举动及其所面临的挑战能初步体现出德国世界政策的轮廓,并凸显出了这一时期在第二帝国外交史上的承启性。     

论网络营销中的广告决策

网络广告与传统广告相比有着明显的特点与优势,因此受到越来越多企业的重视。网络营销广告决策应注意确定广告目标受众、目标设定及广告预算等相关事宜,并应掌握网络宣传的相关技巧,以达到网络广告的最佳效果。     

Managing Nuclear Waste from Power Plants

National strategies to manage nuclear waste from commercial nuclear power plants are analyzed and compared. The current strategy is to try to operate a repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, to dispose of high-level nuclear waste underground. The main alternatives involve temporary above-ground storage at a centralized facility or next to nuclear power plants. If either of these is pursued now, the analysis assumes that a repository will be built in 2100 for waste not subsequently put to use. The analysis treats various uncertainties: whether a repository at Yucca Mountain would be licensed, possible theft and misuse of the waste, innovations in repository design and waste management, the potential availability of a cancer cure by 2100, and possible future uses of nuclear waste. The objectives used to compare alternatives include concerns for health and safety, environmental and socioeconomic impacts, and direct economic costs, as well as equity concerns (geographical, intergenerational, and procedural), indirect economic costs to electricity ratepayers, federal government responsibility to manage nuclear waste, and implications of theft and misuse of nuclear waste. The analysis shows that currently building an underground repository at Yucca Mountain is inferior to other available strategies by the equivalent of $10,000 million to $50,000 million. This strongly suggests that this policy should be reconsidered. A more detailed analysis using the framework presented would help to define a new national policy to manage nuclear waste.     

Engaging Indigeneity in Development Policy

This article explores how development programming in rural poverty and the environment can work with indigenous peoples. It draws on research conducted in Asia and Latin America to suggest how indigeneity can be understood as specific kinds of marginalisation intersecting with self‐identification and recognition as indigenous. Current obstacles to effective engagement with indigenous peoples are outlined, and suggestions are offered for pro‐actively addressing their experience. Two critical areas where there are opportunities for donors to support indigenous peoples' priorities include ‘FPIC’ (Free Prior and Informed Consent) and a careful consideration of the implications of niche‐market engagement.     

论文化产业政策的实施机制

从近几年我国文化产业政策实践看,我国文化产业政策的绩效并不理想。绩效不理想的原因是多方面的,而未能形成有效的政策实施机制是其主要原因之一。从文化产业政策实施三要素之间的关系出发,探讨了文化产业政策的实施机制,指出了我国文化产业政策在执行过程中存在的问题,提出了优化我国文化产业政策实施机制的对策。     

提高自主创新能力是振兴沈阳装备制造业的关键

沈阳装备制造产业是东北地区重要的工业基础,自主创新能力的高低直接影响着产业竞争力。加强重大科技项目部署和建立区域产业创新体系,是强化沈阳装备制造产业自主创新能力和竞争能力的重要支持政策。     

关于抗战时期中共土地政策的两个问题

抗战时期 ,中共的土地政策是减租减息 ,但该政策是什么时候开始转变 ,到什么时候正式形成 ,却是众说纷纭。我们认为该政策是从 1935年 12月 6日 ,中共中央作出《关于改变对富农策略的决定》开始转变的 ,而且 194 2年 1月 2 8日中共中央下发的《关于抗日根据地土地政策的决定》及其附件则是其正式形成的标志。