福建省县域经济发展不平衡性特征及对策建议

在总结福建省县域经济发展现状的基础上,着重分析了福建省县域经济发展呈现经济强县、中等发达县、经济后发县的地域分布特点和不平衡性特征及其主要原因。根据县域经济发展的实际和特点,坚持分类指导的原则,从改革推动、规划带动、政策促动等方面对县域经济发展提出若干政策建议。     

湖湘文化与近代湖南报业

湖湘文化源远流长,博大精深,其内涵丰富。近代湖南报业,是直接在湖湘文化的孕育下诞生的,并在历史的长河中逐步成长起来。     

The private sector and urban housing production process in Nigeria: A study of small-scale landlords in Abuja

The private production system continues to supply the majority of housing to the population of Third World cities. In Nigeria, statistics show that the bulk of urban housing units is supplied for rent by small-scale private landlords. This paper examines the process of housing production among this category of producers using, as a case study, the peripheral settlements of Abuja, Nigeria's new capital city. A predominance of small-size sole proprietorships is established among the small-scale house building firms, mostly for reasons of maintaining operational flexibility and cost saving. It is also found that the greatest attraction of investing in rental housing by small entrepreneurs is the hedge it provides against inflation and the stability and permanence it introduces into the capital base of economic pursuits. A strong influence of traditional chiefs in land supply is revealed, together with the emergence of a commercialised land market, resulting in speculation and contributing to rising land prices. It is shown that building materials are the most problematic of the key building components to the housing production process. It is argued that small building firms would make more profit if they had access to formal sector working capital and that the practice of using casual workers in project execution has the advantage of enabling firms to survive periods of job drought, but does not encourage growth of the firms, apprenticeship training and skills development in the house construction industry. It is concluded that what is needed to enhance the operation of this category of producers is for government to accept an enabling role that will seek to minimise the financial burden and risks to which they are currently exposed.     

A multi-level cost–benefit approach for regulatory decision support in food safety and quality assurance scenarios

In complex policy decision situations where policy objectives cannot be reached alone through the aggregate actions of individual actors, the classical approaches for measuring the effects of regulatory initiatives such as cost–benefit analysis do not provide the information necessary for decision support. This paper discusses a framework for a multi-level analysis approach that could provide decision support in multi-level policy decision situations.     

从美国的反倾销改革透视美国贸易政策的走向

美国反倾销改革显示美国政府已由攻击性单边贸易政策转向利用国际贸易规则,促进各国向美国开放市场,实现国际贸易收支平衡.美国频繁对华使用反倾销措施所引发的贸易争端随着美国贸易政策的转变而更加尖锐.解决中美贸易争端的关键是美方要从动态的角度去看待中美贸易平衡,增加对中国的技术出口.中方要理性看待美国对华实施的反倾销等贸易救济措施,避免将复杂的中美贸易争端简单化,甚至统统视为美国总统为选举而搞的"政治秀".     

从公共选择理论视角透视非常态式的政策终结——兼论我国公共政策终结的科学化、民主化与法制化

政策终结是公共政策实施过程的重要环节。在现实公共政策实践中,存在着常态式的政策终结和非常态式的政策终结两种情况。从公共选择理论的视角对非常态式的政策终结进行分析,有助于探究非常态式政策终结的原因和克服非常态式政策终结的对策。在我国公共政策终结的实践中,应当注重与公共政策各个环节协同配合,进行科学的政策论证,推进公共政策终结的科学化、民主化与法制化。     

城市劳动力供求与外来劳动力就业政策研究--上海的例证及启示

本文系统地研究了2005年到2010年间上海劳动力的供求趋势,测算了所需的外来劳动力数量。结果表明:户籍劳动力的再生产远不能满足经济增长对劳动力的需求,在经济增长速度为10-12%时,这期间上海每年依然需要存在300—600万的外来劳动力。城市在外来劳动力问题上面临两难选择,外来劳动力对城市的贡献与对城市就业岗位的挤占可能同时存在。目前上海劳动力市场中外来劳动力在职业进入、工资水平、社会保障待遇等方面与本地劳动力有明显的差异,其就业环境依然有待改善。我们的结论是:对外来劳动力的歧视性政策可能导致劳动力的大量流失,更有悖于社会公平;外来劳动力就业应主要靠市场调节,地方政府应为外来劳动力就业营造公平竞争的环境。     

压力对身心健康的影响及对策

社会经济的不断发展,提高了人们的生活水平,也增大了人们所面临的压力,并进一步影响到人们的生理及心理健康,如何缓解压力,不外乎直接面对、积极消除;秩序渐进、不断克服;调适心理、提高素质等有效策略。     

湖南人才开发政策问题研究

人才政策对于人才开发作用重大。湖南人才政策的颁布吸引了国内外大量优秀人才,但与发达地区相比,在人才队伍建设方面还相对落后。其原因之一就在于人才政策的制定、实施等过程,仍有许多可改变、完善的地方。     

缓刑制度有关问题探讨

缓刑是作为对犯罪分子在惩罚的前提下宽大处理的一种刑罚制度。适用缓刑制度是在维持原判刑罚效力的情况下给犯罪分子以改过机会,是惩办与宽大结合、惩罚与教育改造相结合的刑事政策在刑罚中的具体表现。在我国,虽然新刑法在1997年刑法的基础上对缓刑制度做了全面的规定,但是,在理论研讨和实践运用过程中,缓刑制度还存在很多争议和问题。