Language,Identity and Empowerment

Abstract

This article addresses the relationship between language and identity and language and power. Language is viewed as an important vehicle through which empowerment can occur in society and through which social workers can contribute to the empowerment of dual language individuals and communities. Language suppression is viewed through the framework of bilinguaphobia, a term coined by Faltis and Coulter in 2004. Because of the long and unique history of Spanish in Southwestern communities, the authors suggest that true empowerment must overcome the prevalent discourse of fear of bilingualism. This article suggests that the present status and identity of Latinos in the Southwestern United States would be enhanced and affirmed by the healthy co-existence of two tongues and two cultural frameworks and that social workers should recognize and advocate for the power of bilingual discourses.     

Determinants and Mapping of Collective Perceptions of Technological Risk: The Case of the Second Nuclear Power Plant in Taiwan

Nuclear power is a highly controversial and salient example of environmental risk. The siting or operating of a nuclear power plant often faces widespread public opposition. Although studies of public perceptions of nuclear power date back to 1970s, little research attempts to explain the spatial heterogeneity of risk attitude toward nuclear power among individuals or communities. This article intends to improve the knowledge about the major factors contributing to nuclear power plant risk perceptions by mapping the geographical patterns of local risk perception and examining the determinants in forming the nature and distribution of the perceived risk among potentially affected population. The analysis was conducted by a case study of the Second Nuclear Power Plant (SNPP) in Taiwan by using a novel methodology that incorporates a comprehensive risk perception (CRP) model into an ethnographic approach called risk perception mapping (RPM). First, we examined the determinants of local nuclear power risk perceptions through the CRP model and multivariate regression analysis. Second, the results were integrated with the RPM approach to map and explain the spatial pattern of risk perceptions. The findings demonstrate that the respondents regard the nuclear power plant as an extremely high‐risk facility, causing them to oppose the SNPP and reject the compensation payment to accept its continuing operation. Results also indicate that perceptions of nuclear power risk were mainly influenced by social trust, psychological and socioeconomic attributes, proximity, and the perceived effects of the SNPP on the quality of everyday life.     

菲茨杰拉德创作能力的变迁——基于词汇测度的统计分析

传统上,不同评论者对同一作家作品的好恶往往会导致对作家创作能力截然不同的评价,这种主观定性评判并没有考虑作品本身的内在特质。计算语言学发现幂律分布在各类文本的词汇测度中具有普遍性,这为定量刻画文学作品的内在特质提供了统计手段。因为作家的创作能力不是一成不变的,不同创作时期的作品反映了作家创作能力的波动,为检验这一论断,以菲茨杰拉德的四部小说为例,对包括类符形符比、词汇增长率和词汇相对熵等在内的词汇测度进行统计分析,发现这三个测度与文中的形符数之间服从幂律关系。故提出一种计算作家创作能力的新测度以及比较其创作能力变化的新方法。菲茨杰拉德作品的实证分析表明：该测度不仅能够有力地印证现有的定性评论观点,而且还能够有效地反映作家创作能力的巅峰与低谷状态。     

生活的多重可能性——浅析《黑王子》的召唤结构

英国小说家艾丽丝·默多克的代表作《黑王子》是一部具有实验性质的小说，从多个层面探讨了生活的本质，艺术与生活的关系。包括情节、引喻、叙事策略以及结构安排等构成了小说的召唤结构，共同作用于读者的阅读活动，使读者能够自觉地建构小说的意义，对其哲学内涵作出反应。     

文化软实力视阈下文物文化对外传播策略分析——以博物馆语境为例

有效跨文化传播力是文化软实力资源软实力化的重要保障。以博物馆为例,作为对外传播把关人之一的译者可以灵活运用解码策略,保证文化传播信道的明晰性、顺畅性和饱满性,以期实现文物文化对外传播的表现力、影响力和渗透力,为提高我国文化软实力做出应有的贡献。     

两种从句应用语境与言者的先在结构

从句在主从复合句中处于从属地位,其形态标志是主从连接词和关联词.从句里包括纷繁多样的语言现象,可应用于各种语言环境,同时与言者的语言能力、社会文化背景知识等密切关联,因此,对它的研究也应从多方面入手.反目的从句与程度、度量状语从句在结构、意义和动词谓语方面的不同,可视为两种从句的意义潜势与言者前理解或期待视野相互作用的产物.对此问题进行深入研究,具有重大的理论和现实意义.     

牵动思维与表述功能的现代诗歌欧化语言

从外国诗歌语言中借鉴而来的欧化语言贯穿了整个中国现代诗歌的发展过程。这主要表现为欧化词语的介入、语法与句法的更新以及语言表述方式与诗歌功能的拓展三个层面。尽管其命运坎坷，但已经内化为现代诗歌不可离析的一部分。     

铝板件自冲铆接的实验分析

本文介绍了一种新型的铝板件冲压连接技术,并根据实验结果阐述了自冲铆接的机理,分析了铆钉和模具结构对连接性能的影响,并对自冲铆接与圆点冲压连接的强度进行对比.此外,本文对这种新型连接技术的实际应用作了简要介绍.     

对高等教育质量工程实施中的一些问题思考

近年来,各高校都在积极实施"质量工程",也取得了很大的成效。在实施质量工程的过程中,有一些问题引起了我们的思考。要真正提高高等教育的质量和水平,教育经费的投入是基础;教育体制改革是关键;提高人才培养质量,增强我国高等教育的国际竞争力是根本。     

Nonparametric tests for scale shift at an unknown time point

A class of linear rank tests is suggested for testing a shift in scale at an unknown time point in a sequence of independent observations. The tests,based on inverse normal scores and on ordered exponential scores,are shown to be asymptotically as efficient as their distribution-oriented competitors. Critical values and powers for these two rank tests are also discussed.