Citizenship: locating people with learning disabilities

This article first identifies citizenship as an ambiguous con-cept with changing and contested meanings. Next it discusses the methodological commitment of a study conducted in 2001 exploring the conceptions of citizenship permeating learning disability services. The third section identifies four themes linked to the citizenship of disabled people: work, participa-tion, community and consumption. Lastly, the article looks to locate the citizenship of people with learning disability within the framework of governmentality. The analysis of interview material from the 2001 study suggested that there was no coherent idea of citizenship operating through the services. However, the analysis of governmentality provides a richer picture. The different discourses of citizenship, while produc-ing contradictory positions for individuals with learning disability, do nevertheless provide positions to be had when less than half a century ago no such positions existed. In this sense these discourses are productive.     

会计本科学历教育引入职业资格教育的研究

会计本科学历教育是培养高层次会计人才的主要渠道,面对新的会计环境,应在遵循自身规律的前提下,充分考虑会计执业需求和职业资格标准的变化,克服现有本科教育的局限性,适度引入职业资格教育,融理论教育与实务操作能力培养于一体,以全面提高人才素质,增强就业竞争力。     

The History of SHSAAMc: Student Health Services at Academic Medical Centers

This article presents an historical review of the organization known as Student Health Services at Academic Medical Centers (SHSAAMc). The authors discuss characteristics of health service directors as well as the history of meetings, discussion, and leadership. The focus of the group is the healthcare needs of health professions students at academic medical centers.     

A Foucauldian Analysis of Old Age and the Power of Social Welfare

Abstract

It is argued that the question of social welfare is a key, if often overlooked, component in the construction of power relations and identities in later life that can take its place next to debates on bioethics and consumer lifestyle. Foucault's (1977) claim, that identities are kept in place through the deployment of integrated systems of power and knowledge and a routine operation of surveillance and assessment, is critically examined in this context. Trends in social welfare in the United Kingdom are used as a case example that sheds light on wider contemporary issues associated with old age. Finally, implications for the creation of particular narratives about later life are discussed and grounded through Foucault's (1988) notion of “technologies of self.”     

Building on users' knowledge as a basis for professional expertise? An example from Swedish social care services

Implementing new occupations in social care services as a solution to social problems challenges the knowledge base for social care. This has been particularly evident in services for persons with disabilities. Social policy has emphasized influence over services for persons with disabilities and hence has implemented personal assistance and case management services. Using these as examples, this article explores the professional logic developed, and the ways it relate to existing social professions. The results are presented in a typology defining two occupations as examples of a professional logic based on users’ knowledge. This logic, here called ‘user-mandated professionalism’, is denoted by wide discretion, relationships with users built on trust, and legitimacy mainly stemming from user organizations. The analysis then raises the challenge for social professionals in social care occupations based on users’ knowledge to be explicit about the knowledge base they build on in their arguments and in decision-making.     

《劝导》：奥斯丁的历史想象

在奥斯丁笔下,《劝导》是一部地位比较特殊的小说。探讨《劝导》所展示的阶级和性别角色等级关系的变化,进而分析小说中的职业想象和女性关注。就英国国教和政治观念而言,奥斯丁较为宽容、务实。一方面,等级制度在所难免,社会的稳定性离不开财富和权力的支撑。同时也企盼社会等级结构具有弹性,财富和权力的大门也为优秀分子敞开,从而避免制度僵化带来的社会动荡和革命。     

La transition verte: analyser la croissance de l'emploi vert

Les auteurs estiment le nombre des emplois verts en Écosse et analysent son évolution dans le temps en s'appuyant sur les données de l'Enquête sur la main‐d'œuvre du Royaume‐Uni (2011‐2014) et en croisant deux systèmes de classification professionnelle (CITP‐08 et O*NET). Leur cadre méthodologique est transposable à n'importe quelle région. Ils montrent qu'il vaut mieux retenir une définition large des emplois verts, plutôt qu'une définition étroite, pour mesurer correctement l'impact de la transition verte sur l'emploi en général. Ils concluent par ailleurs qu'il faudrait s'intéresser davantage à la qualité des emplois verts et au caractère inclusif de la croissance de l'emploi vert.     

Neoliberalism and social work identity

This article considers the relationship between the identity of social work and the neoliberal political project. Reference is made to a small but carefully structured quantitative research study in Auckland, New Zealand which examined the knowledge applied and produced in the practice of social work. This study found evidence consistent with Philp’s [(1979). Notes on the form of knowledge in social work. Sociological Review, 27(1), 83–111] theorisation of a specific ‘form of knowledge’ for social work which is produced and reproduced as a function of relational engagement between social workers and those who are constructed as ‘clients’ in an unequal society. This discourse casts the ‘failing subject’ as socially located and inherently redeemable in direct contrast to populist neoliberal constructions of personal responsibility and moral deficit. With reference to dialectical theory it is suggested that this resilient discourse, embedded in ‘every-day’ practice, is inevitably a source of resistance to the imposition of neoliberal practice and policy design. This resistance provides hope for the progressive voice of social work in the current contest of ideas in relation to the future development of social work.     

Demographic challenges and health in Germany

Demographic challenges are affecting the health care system in Germany and globally: a growing aging population; low birth rates; sociopolitical, women’s health, and health care economic issues; and immigration. During a recent Fulbright Scholar program, scholars from several disciplines including demography, sociology, medicine, and nursing examined these demographic challenges facing Germany and other industrialized countries. Enormous challenges exist for industrialized and developing countries related to these demographic changes, the complexity of health care economics, and population issues. In Germany, the shifting population demographics are affecting health care, financing of the German health care system, and the growth of immigrant populations.     

The executive committee of the Greek Professional Association of Social Work in an age of austerity: examining its response

This paper explores the response by the Greek Association of Social Workers (SKLE) to Greece's current economic crisis. Socioeconomic conditions in Greece have deteriorated rapidly since the imposition of a Structural Adjustment Programme as a condition of the loan Troika provided to Greece to address its class-based public debt crisis. Interviews were conducted with SKLE Executive Committee members to examine SKLE's response in the context of newly raised inequalities. Research results show that SKLE recognised the negative consequences to both service users and its members. However, SKLE continues to reformulate its strategy mostly as a social partner. SKLE's previous strategy entailed amongst other things the analysis of policy proposals and participation in welfare related government committees. This strategy is no longer relevant because decision-making powers have been transferred to transnational bodies. This paper elaborates on these findings and discusses the barriers that prohibit SKLE from differentiation of its strategy. Although the research is country specific, it has implications for the broader global debate because professional associations must reformulate their strategies for better serving of both their constituents and the collective good based on the social justice mandate of the profession.