《醒世恒言》被动句式考察

对《醒世恒言》中的被动句式进行分类统计,从用量及结构等方面探讨“于”字式、“见”字式、“为”字式和“为……所”式这些上古汉语传统模式的衰微、“被”字式在近代汉语中的进一步发展以及“教”字式、“与”字式、“吃”字式这些近代汉语才产生的被动式的特点,从而阐述被动句式在近代汉语中的发展概貌。     

为杜诗"熟精《文选》理"进一解

在唐代因科考而重《文选》的普遍风气下,杜甫在其《宗武生日》诗中督责其子研习《文选》,却主要是为了绍述家学和继承传统的目的.对于"熟精《文选》理"的"理"字,其基本内涵应在"使字"和"诗法"两项.前者指向形象意境,后者偏于形式技巧,杜甫以此为研习《文选》着手之处.但抉取其中的精髓,关键还在对于前人遗产必须采取分析的方法和"乐取于人以为善"的态度.这一方面是基于杜甫所持的文学发展观念,同时也可以从其创作实践得到验证.作为诗歌革新家,杜甫实行"以文为诗"和"援古入律"等措施,都离不开对《文选》的学习和借鉴.据此可知,"熟精《文选》理"实为老杜一生心得之言.其中"熟精"二字,尤堪研味.     

试论《庄暴见孟子》一文的论辩艺术

《庄暴见孟子》一文体现出孟子高超的论辩技巧,充分发挥了孟子能言善辩的特长。孟子在这场论辩中抓住时机,牢牢掌握谈话的主动权,并且步步善诱,欲擒故纵,引人入彀,成功地借齐王"好乐"的话题阐述了他的"与民同乐"的政治主张。     

Risk Perception in a Developing Country: The Case of Chile

In this work we characterize risk perception in Chile, based on the psychometric paradigm, exploring the difference between perceived social and personal risk. For this purpose, we conducted a survey including 54 hazards, 16 risk attributes, and 3 risk constructs. The survey, divided into four parts, was administered to 508 residents of Santiago, Chile. Using factor analysis, three main factors, which accounted for 80% of the sample's variance, were identified: factor 1, commonly called "Dread Risk" in the literature, explained 37% of variance; factor 2, "Unknown Risk," explained 28%; and factor 3, which we called "Personal Effect," explained 15% of the variance. On average, individuals perceived themselves as less exposed to risk and with more control and knowledge about them than the general population. OLS regression models were used to test the association of perceived risk with the three main factors. For social risk, factor 1 had the greatest explanatory power, while factor 2 had a negative sign. For personal risk, only factors 2 and 3 were significant, with factor 3 having the greatest explanatory power. Risk denial (defined as the difference between perceived personal and social risk) was associated with factors 1 and 2 only, with factor 2 having a negative sign. The difference between desired and actual regulation levels proved positive for all hazards, thus indicating that Chileans are dissatisfied with the current regulation level for all the hazards analyzed. The comparison of data at the aggregate and at the individual subject's level suggests that while the aggregate analysis overestimates the magnitude of the correlations it still reflects the tendency of the individual responses.     

影响大学生“挫折容耐力”提高的因素及对策探讨

挫折容耐力的强弱与大学生心理素质的高低 ,与能否成为社会所需要的复合型人才具有环环相扣的内在联系。当代大学生心理问题有上升趋势表明 ,大学生的挫折容耐力亟待提高。社会环境的日益复杂化 ,人生信念的弱化 ,形而上学的思维方式以及自信与自卑两极心态的存在是影响大学生挫折容耐力提高的因素。提高大学生挫折容耐力的对策有 :加强非智力因素和理性思辨能力的培养 ,加强理想信念教育 ,加强心理健康教育。     

创建语篇分析语用模式的必要性及其哲学基础

文章探讨了语篇分析和语用学这两个语言学分相学科的关系,说明两者结合的可能性。创建语篇分析语用模式,不仅有利于语篇分析体系的完善,而且有助于语用学学科的成熟发展。文章从语篇的交际活动性质、认知活动性质以及语篇活动性质出发,阐述了创建语篇分析语用模式的哲学基础。     

The Gambling Self-Efficacy Questionnaire: An Initial Psychometric Evaluation

Instruments to assess individuals' self-efficacy for the control of addictive behaviors have been useful for monitoring behavior change, predicting maintenance of treatment gains, and identifying potential relapse situations. The Gambling Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (GSEQ) was developed to assess perceived self-efficacy to control gambling behavior. A demographically diverse sample of 309 adult gamblers completed an initial set of 42 items, of which 16 were selected to form the final version of the GSEQ. The GSEQ showed high internal consistency ( = .96) and good test-retest reliability (r = .86). A factor analysis provided some support for a unitary factor structure. As expected, GSEQ scores were negatively correlated with reports of problematic gambling behavior. Participants experiencing problems related to their gambling behavior scored significantly lower on the GSEQ than those who were not experiencing gambling problems. This psychometric examination of the GSEQ supported its potential utility for treatment planning and outcome evaluation with problem gamblers.     

“网络社会”的伦理分析及对策

"网络社会"是一个全新的世界,网络发展作为一场意义深远的科技革命,在给道德进步提供机遇的同时,也带来了许多不容忽视的问题.这些问题反映了人自身发展的一种危机,走出这种危机,战胜这种危机,关键还要靠人自己.     

书法创作语言体系分析

纵观中国书法创作史,从扬雄、许慎的“心象”说,到赵壹、蔡邕的“气势”说;从王僧虔的“神形”说,到孙过庭的“情形”说;从蔡襄的“神气”说,到刘熙载的“体用”说,可以看出,中国书法创作始终以“意象”为主轴,在“意”和“象”的适度范围内左右波动,形成了一个以形求神、以象表意的书法创作语言的流动曲线。书法意象语言可分为表形的“象”和表情的“意”。这里的线条、结构、篇章等,均构成了书法语言材料的集合体──“象”。因此,“象”是可视的,“意”只能通过“象”来体现。     

慈善行为的经济学分析

在将经济学中的"理性人”假设引入慈善理论的基础上,仿效经济学中的消费理论建立了数学模型,分析了慈善行为的影响因素和激励措施,最后根据上述模型分析了我国慈善事业发展中的若干问题.