A tolerance interval approach for assessment of agreement in method comparison studies with repeated measurements

This paper generalizes the tolerance interval approach for assessing agreement between two methods of continuous measurement for repeated measurement data—a common scenario in applications. The repeated measurements may be longitudinal or they may be replicates of the same underlying measurement. Our approach is to first model the data using a mixed model and then construct a relevant asymptotic tolerance interval (or band) for the distribution of appropriately defined differences. We present the methodology in the general context of a mixed model that can incorporate covariates, heteroscedasticity and serial correlation in the errors. Simulation for the no-covariate case shows good small-sample performance of the proposed methodology. For the longitudinal data, we also describe an extension for the case when the observed time profiles are modelled nonparametrically through penalized splines. Two real data applications are presented.     

对完善我国商业秘密保护立法的思考

随着商业秘密在市场竞争中的作用日趋凸显,各国对商业秘密保护的程度越来越高,范围也越来越广。为此我国应尽快出台《商业秘密保护法》,以弥补现有法律对商业秘密保护的不足,并提出了其方法中应重点解决的若干问题。     

鲁迅与嵇康的精神契合和位移

鲁迅和嵇康在精神特质上的相似 ,已为鲁迅研究者所注视 ,但其剖析似乎不够翔备。该文通过三个方面 ,即思想的“承传”与“化解”、现实的“挣扎”和“反抗”以及精神的“绝望”和“希望” ,对两位文化奇人作了比较     

时光长河之上的灵魂相遇

英国 19世纪的桂冠诗人华滋华斯 (WilliamWordsworth)与散文家匡燮在创作思维中有着许多的相似之处。他们在灵性空间的共同感受 ,在时空意识和生命观念两个层面展示了他们思维的契合点。     

夫妻财产约定的《合同法》适用

从夫妻财产约定的财产行为属性、《合同法》中的广义合同概念、《合同法》与《婚姻法》的关系入手,分析了夫妻财产约定适用《合同法》的根据;从夫妻财产约定的主体、形式、要件、内容、效力、变更、解释、法律责任等方面论述了《合同法》对夫妻财产约定的法律适用。     

充分信息与我国公司内部治理结构的委托代理问题

本文分析了公司内部治理结构中委托代理关系中存在的问题,指出这些问题主要是表现在逆向选择和道德风险上,这主要是由于信息不对称引起的,并且指出现存的几种内部控制机制的弊端,提出必须建立充分信息才能从根本上消除这些问题。     

Sample Size and Power Calculation in Comparing Diagnostic Accuracy of Biomarkers with Pooled Assessments

When testing of a biomarker is costly, pooling of samples becomes a useful and efficient alternative (Faraggi et al., 2003). In this paper, we develop procedures for sample size and power calculations for planning a study comparing the accuracy of biomarkers in diagnosis of diseases with pooled samples. Explicit formulas are derived for several important pooling strategies. The effects of pooling samples on sample size and power of the test are also discussed.     

谈人身保险的可保利益

我国人身保险可保利益具有独特性:一般没有量的规定;定性采取利益主义和同意主义兼顾的折衷主义;仅针对投保人;体现于订立保险合同之时。世界各国人身保险利益定性或采取利益主义、或采取同意主义,可保利益可同时针对投保人与利益人,也可在保单有效期内自动终结。鉴于我国人身保险可保利益有关法规规定与实际操作相互矛盾,无法防范道德风险,且可保利益限制投保人的范围不利于寿险业的发展;建议我国人身保险可保利益定性采取更为合理的同意主义。     

WTO规则与中国原产地证明商标保护

地理标记是特定产品来源的标记.<与贸易有关的知识产权协定>(TRIPS协定)是目前对地理标记规定得最为完善的国际条约.地理标记作为用来标明特定商品的来源地,在保护国际贸易秩序、维护消费者权益和产地声誉诸方面起了重要作用.中国已加入有关原产地保护的国际公约和协定,原产地域产品的法律保护制度,是我国在借鉴和吸收国外原产地命名、地理标志制度等通行惯例的基础上,结合中国国情建立起来的一项重要制度,它对原产地名称、原产地标识的证明商标权作了明确的规定.必须切实加强对原产地域产品的法律保护.     

Reproducibility of clinical data I: continuous outcomes

Across a variety of clinical settings, repeated measurements on an individual, obtained under identical circumstances, often differ from one another. This implies the measurements lack perfect reproducibility. Topics related to reproducibility of clinical measurements are introduced in this paper. In this first of two parts, continuous outcomes are addressed. The intraclass correlation coefficient, ρ, has been the traditional coefficient of reproducibility for continuous outcomes. The importance of ρ regarding observations on an individual, and observations among populations, is outlined. Estimation and inferential procedures for ρ are reviewed and worked examples are provided. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.