Pluralism and Universality of Environmental Discourse: The Dilemma Between Damage Caused by the Japanese Macaque and its Protection

Abstract:  The subject of this paper is to describe the complexity of relations between man and wild monkeys, which causes difficulties in forming a social consensus related to their conservation and management. To present how the relations are in everyday life, and how they are simplified in universal discursive spaces, interviews and a questionnaire survey have been conducted. As a result, it is clarified that there are three kinds of discursive spaces, that of politics, natural science, and residents. People who share the land with wild monkeys have various terms and stories about their relations with monkeys. The monkeys have various values in the discourse of residents, including many troubles. The existence of monkeys is vivid and close, and can be described as "accessible" nature. However, in discussion of politics or natural sciences, there is less diversity in monkeys' values. In these discursive spaces, monkeys are described simply in the framework of "distant" nature, and wild monkey issues are constructed as a "pest animal issue". The simplified protocol between accessible and distant nature makes the wild monkey issues simple. And the attitudes of residents are shown as controversial through the contradiction between simple-complex issues. In conclusion, this contradiction cannot be solved only by filling the gap between accessible and distant nature with social consensus, but also by connecting the two and enhancing the dynamism of society as a whole.     

亲属称谓“公”“私”考

“公”“私”是两个出现较早的亲属称谓。祖父、父亲、夫之父、夫之兄均可称“公”,这与公有制下年长男子在父系氏族内部所处的领导地位有关,他们拥有安排和处理公共事务的权力。“私”是女子对姊妹之夫的称呼,源于建立在生产力水平低下的普那路亚婚制,反映了姊妹共夫、女子与姊妹之夫存在着合法的性关系的事实。透过二者,可以揭示古代的社会制度和婚姻制度的实质。     

What's wrong with sociology? Its public image

In response to editor Stephen Cole's question—"What's wrong with sociology?"—the answer is nothing that cannot be overcome by clearer communications and better public relations. The problem is that the field is not held in high esteem by college administrators, legislators, and the public. Many see us as rebels of the 1960s, political liberals, and impractical thinkers with a penchant for jargon. Even our research is derided by some as a waste of money. The solution consists of strategies for overcoming our poor public image. Seven strategies for doing so are discussed: (1) Write clearly. (2) Write for a mass audience. (3) Seek board positions. (4) Strengthen our identity. (5) Teach sociology in high school. (6) Develop academic partnerships. (7) Emphasize outcomes: increase in tolerance and research skills.     

个人生物识别信息的公益诉讼保护路径优化

生物识别信息作为敏感的个人信息,深度体现个人的生理和行为特征。数字时代下,个人信息保护与经济价值产出之间产生对立,同时个人信息权益逐渐由个体私益向社会公益交织演变,构建优化多维的公益诉讼保护路径、维护个人基本权利符合发展要义。坚持行政公益诉讼为主,发挥行政机关守护社会公共利益的第一顺位作用,民事公益诉讼为辅,拓宽多元主体参与守护公共利益通道,创新刑事附带民事诉讼,发挥传统检察优势力量与新时期救济手段相结合,完善公益诉讼救济内涵路径、增设惩罚性规则等体制机制,符合我国司法信息保护能动治理之路。     

以公共政策为导向的户外广告规划研究——《深圳市户外广告设置指引》的探索

为了提升城市户外广告环境品质,改进规划工作的不足,提出以公共政策为导向的户外广告规划研究方法。在《深圳市户外广告设置指引》的编制实践中,通过多视角的目标建构、"规范"加"规划"的导控策略以及"手册式"的成果表达手段,取得了良好的实践效果。因此提出:为了提高户外广告规划成果的可操作性,增强实施实效性,必须正确认识户外广告的双重属性,将规划工作从传统的技术导向转变为以公共政策导向,做到导控中的因势"利导"与"力导"。     

发展个体私营经济的思考

社会主义初级阶段论的提出与确立,社会主义市场经济论特别是所有制改革理论的形成与发展,为我国发展私营经济提供了可靠的理论依据,从实践标准看,发展个体私营经济符合“三个有利于”标准,能够增强国家的凝聚力。目前,要发展我国个体私营经济的关键是采取正确的政策取向,应促进个体私营企业数量上的发展和质量上的提高,调整产业政策促进个体私营企业生产经营水平的提高,还要加强对个体私营企业的各项行政法规管理     

欠发达地区政府行为公共性弱化探析

公共性是政府的根本属性,它决定了政府必须将公共利益作为政府行为的首要原则,确保公共利益得到切实维护和实现。然而,由于各种主客观原因,目前欠发达地区政府行为表现出了利益化、法外化、低效化的不良特征,导致政府行为公共性弱化。本文讨论了欠发达地区政府行为公共性弱化的现实原因,并提出了规避欠发达地区政府行为公共性弱化的路径选择。     

公务员职务消费制度改革刍议

职务消费是维持政府机构正常运转所必须支付的成本。它是一把"双刃剑",管理得当,有利于整个社会的良性运作;管理不当,则会导致财政资金的大量流失。因此,必须对公务员职务消费制度进行改革,将其纳入制度化、货币化、规范化轨道,以规范公务员职务消费行为,在降低政府运行成本的同时,提高政府的行政效能。     

行政规划中的公益权衡及以人为本的法价值指向——以松花江水污染事件为例的分析

行政规划是一种特殊的外部具体行政行为,会直接影响特定公众的重大利益。要进行科学合理的行政规划必须解决好各种利益之间的冲突与权衡,关键是要确立起以规划区域内所有相对人的生命健康利益为本的法价值指向。松花江水污染事件突出反映了我国以往的行政规划在此价值取向方面发生了重大偏差,为此必须建立健全科学的利益表达机制,坚持行政规划中公众参与的原则,切实贯彻实施以人为本的法价值观。     

从政府单一管理到综合治理——我国人口发展治理体系建设的政策分析

政府单一管理的传统计划生育管理体制已经不适应当今现实。根据社会治理理论,人口发展治理体系建设需要转换政府职能;缩小政府管制范围,扩大市场机制的应用范围和强度;激励公众参与,建立社会制衡机制。在具体的建设当中要注意处理好四对关系。