Frontier spaces of vulnerability: Regional change,urbanization, drought and fire hazard in Santarém,Pará, Brazil

Fire hazard is a mounting concern in tropical rainforests of the Brazilian Amazon and has raised awareness within the science community of the links between agricultural fire use, drought and accidental fire. As a result, fire is being addressed as a crisis event with mitigation focused on those who light fires, particularly smallholder agriculturalists. Little attention is paid to the historical and ongoing ways in which Amazon landscapes and peoples have been made more susceptible to fire. Frontier regions of the Brazilian Amazon serve a variety of functions within the larger Brazilian society, including as extractive reserves for economic development, as social safety valves to reduce population pressures, and as areas to support urban regional integration. Each of these functions has impacted frontier environments in ways that create more flammable landscapes and/or shape the vulnerability of people to fire hazard. This paper uses a case study inthe Brazilian Lower Amazon to understand how vulnerability to fire hazard develops. It argues that if fire mitigation remains centered on fire as a crisis event, an understanding of what constitutes frontier spaces of vulnerability, both in landscape and in populations, will be limited.     

‘There Oughtta Be a Law Against Bitches’: Masculinity Lessons in Police Academy Training

This article draws on participant observation in a law enforcement academy to demonstrate how a hidden curriculum encourages aspects of hegemonic masculinity among recruits. Academy training teaches female and male recruits that masculinity is an essential requirement for the practice of policing and that women do not belong. By watching and learning from instructors and each other, male students developed a form of masculinity that (1) excluded women students and exaggerated differences between them and men; and (2) denigrated women in general. Thus, the masculinity that is characteristic of police forces and is partly responsible for women’s low representation on them is not produced exclusively on the job, but is taught in police academies as a subtext of professional socialization.     

区域民族描写民俗学优秀之作--读《中国南楚民俗学》

从民俗理论的实际提炼性与追求规范性、区域民族民俗描写研究之丰富性与精确性、田野考察之可学性与可操作性、民俗学研究之献身性与交心工程性四个方面来考察 ,王建章教授的《中国南楚民俗学》是区域民族描写民俗学的优秀著作。     

关于贫困文化的思考

贫困文化是与贫困经济相互对应的一个范畴,贫困文化反映了贫困经济的精神实质;贫困经济则从根本上决定了贫困文化的物质表现形式。贫困文化是造成贫困经济的一个重要精神原因,改变贫困经济的状况,必须首先改造贫困文化的价值形态。     

人文语境与《红楼梦》的翻译

文章从人文语境的典籍文化、民俗文化、礼俗文化和审美文化四个方面阐述翻译中语用意图的实现过程 ,以探讨语境对文学翻译的重要作用 ,并力图找到移植原作隐含意义的最佳切入点     

Defining child abuse in Hong Kong

Definitions of child abuse are culturally driven. Hong Kong, with a predominantly Chinese population, has managed to eradicate much of the societal abuse that children suffer elsewhere in Asia. Professional and government attention has now shifted to child abuse and neglect within the family. The paper, based on interviews with key professionals. analysis of policy documents and practice records examines traditional Chinese parent-child relationships. the status of parental authority and corporal punishment and changes in contemporary Hong Kong family life. It goes on to outline the development of responses to child abuse in Hong Kong, some of the dilemmas that professionals face in defining abuse and areas for future research.     

西方生育文化发展研究

西方生育文化源于原始的生殖崇拜,经历了由文艺复兴前生育文化、文艺复兴后生育文化和20世纪中期以来生育文化等几个阶段的发展,每一阶段上的生育观念、生育习俗、生育制度、生育理论都呈现出不同变化及特点。     

林语堂的女性观探源

林语堂的小说把女性的地位提到了一个相当的高度.其创作模式受到多方面的影响首先,受到西方女权主义运动和西方主流文化的影响;其次,西式的教育和所处的位置使林语堂美化着古老中国的一切,包括一些糟粕;最后,作为一个男性作家,林语堂难以摆脱男权文化的影响,在创作中不自觉地歧视女性.可以说林语堂的女性观是一种不正确的女性观,他笔下的女性是被男人欲望化的女性.     

略论命名与语言、民俗、文化及其它学科的关系

命名与语言、民俗、文化及其它学科之间,均有非常密切的关系。通过对命名学的研究,可以使人们科学地利用命名和有关名称,在人类生活的诸多方面也会产生重要的指导意义。     

文化与河流

文化与河流的关系十分特殊，文化既源于河流，又反过来改造河流。文章重点阐述了文化如何由源于河流到改造河流，如何由被动地改造河流到主动地改造河流的过程。