UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF THE MOTHER-CHILD RELATIONSHIP ON SEX WORKERS’ DECISION TO ENTER AND LEAVE THE STREETS – LESSONS FOR SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE

This paper focuses on ‘streetwalkers’ and ‘street sex workers’ who are unlicensed sex workers not belonging to a brothel and subject to criminalization. They often face great stigmatization and are usually considered victims by service providers. Five Singaporean ex-streetwalkers (n = 5), who had left the streets for at least six months and were currently receiving or had previously received skills training at a social service agency, participated in this study. Using an agentic framework and social relational theory principles, this qualitative study explored the impact of streetwalkers’ relationship with their children on their decision to enter and leave the streets and reasons for their successful help-seeking experiences. Findings revealed them to be agents who actively used strategies to meet their goals and to sustain close relationships with their children. The mother–child relationship context was a key influence on their decision to enter and/or leave the streets. Social work practice implications include tailoring service delivery to tap into their agentic capacities and identity as mothers; research and training in provision of proactive social services in a non-judgmental manner to preserve the dignity of these women while meeting both their own and their children’s needs.     

金融科技“监管沙盒”测试企业信息披露制度构建研究

“监管沙盒”在解决鼓励金融科技创新与防范金融风险的矛盾中发挥着重要作用。金融科技风险的不确定性、“监管沙盒”相对宽松的监管规则以及复合型监管人才的缺失等问题加剧了测试企业与各相关主体之间的信息不对称,因而有必要针对测试企业建立相应的信息披露制度。在借鉴英国、澳大利亚及新加坡等国制度经验的基础上,我国应为参与“监管沙盒”的测试企业设置以定期周报及临时报告为主的信息披露义务,信息披露的内容应根据申请、测试中及测试结束三个阶段进行具体规定。同时,信息披露应符合时效性、有效性、易理解性、准确性、公平性等基本原则,以保障测试企业信息披露质量。     

Weak and strong laws of large numbers for coherent lower previsions

We prove weak and strong laws of large numbers for coherent lower previsions, where the lower prevision of a random variable is given a behavioural interpretation as a subject's supremum acceptable price for buying it. Our laws are a consequence of the rationality criterion of coherence, and they can be proven under assumptions that are surprisingly weak when compared to the standard formulation of the laws in more classical approaches to probability theory.     

Science Policy Choices and the Estimation of Cancer Risk Associated with Exposure to TCDD

United States regulatory agencies use no-threshold models for estimating carcinogenic risks. Other countries use no-threshold models for carcinogens that are genotoxic and threshold models for carcinogens that are not genotoxic, such as 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD or "dioxin"). The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has proposed a revision of the carcinogenic potency estimate for TCDD that is based on neither a threshold nor a no-threshold model; instead, it is a compromise between risk numbers generated by the two irreconcilably different models. This paper discusses the revision and its implications.     

Aging in community and local NGOs: Empowering marginalized older women in South Korea

This article is based on an embedded case study of selected older people’s self-help groups in urban South Korea, which aim to assist community-dwelling older adults, particularly poor and marginalized women, to age in their community and remain active and contributing members. The study highlights the importance of the role and capacity of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) as partner organizations. Implications are important for other aging societies, particularly in Asia, where older women have been often confined by patriarchal oppression.     

我国企业并购制度正在走向成熟——从商务部禁止可口可乐收购汇源说起

商务部禁止可口可乐收购汇源案涉及一系列企业并购制度上的热点问题。该案是两个外国公司之间的并购,但我国反垄断法仍有管辖权。对并购的反垄断审查不应考虑反垄断法之外的目标。收购汇源也不属于国家安全审查的范围。该案标志着我国企业并购制度正在走向成熟。     

试论我国外贸经营权的登记和核准制

20 0 1年 7月 ,我国外贸经营管理制度作出了重大改革 ,即将外贸经营主体资格的取得从审批制改为登记和核准制。这一修改既是我国对外贸易发展的要求 ,也是我国遵守WTO规则的内在要求的反映。同时 ,登记和核准制的实行 ,也给不同形态的企业发展带来了不同的影响     

我国乳品安全监管失效的制度因素

乳品安全与消费者健康,特别是婴幼儿的生命和健康密切相关。近年来,我国婴幼儿的乳品安全危机事件频频爆发,凸显了我国乳品安全监管制度存在的诸多漏洞和缺陷。在分析我国乳品安全监管现状的基础上,深入剖析了我国乳品监管在法律法规、标准制度、政府监管以及检测体系等方面的漏洞,进而从法规标准、政府监管以及检测体系等方面提出了针对性措施。     

基于多重委托-代理关系的规制俘虏模型研究

在政府对自然垄断企业的规制研究中,大多假设规制者是公众的代言人和国家利益的维护者,而在实际运作过程中,规制者还是一个自身效用最大化的追求者,这种双重身份有可能导致规制者利用自身的权力与受规制企业形成合谋,以便获取双方利益,从而产生规制俘虏问题,加重政府规制的不完备性。本文将在非对称信息条件下,运用多重委托-代理模型,对规制俘虏问题进行探讨,并根据模型分析的结论,提出相应的抑制手段。     

稳定币Libra的风险与规制路径

Facebook的稳定币Libra项目，引起各国金融界和监管机构的关注和警惕。Libra在技术成熟度、稳定性、安全性、应用场景等方面均占有优势，也将带来种种潜在风险，增大各国外汇管制难度，弱化各国货币政策实施效果，增加反洗钱和反恐怖融资的难度。对此，中国监管机构应首先明确Libra稳定币的法律属性。其次，中国要调整监管手段及外汇管理的具体方式。最后，有区块链与数字货币技术研发实力的互联网巨头可尝试发行与人民币1：1挂钩的稳定币。监管机构制定出台相应法律政策前，可先行指导和推动上述商业巨头自己创生稳定币的治理规则。在中国互联网巨头探索稳定币发行的成熟经验和商业模式基础上，由中国央行加以借鉴，最后搭建法定的数字货币发行体系。