The Gendered State of Business: Gender,Enterprises and State in Israeli Society

Whether the state provides different entrepreneurial opportunities for women and men and how is an issue rarely discussed in the growing literature concerning gender and organizations. Integrating gender and organization literature with political theories of the state, this paper compares women's entrepreneurship in one setting (Israeli society) across two time periods: before and after the foundation of a sovereign state. Our analysis identifies three manifestations of the gendering state through which it moulds business opportunities of men and women entrepreneurs. We examine how these manifestations: the delegation of economic actors, managing interactions between individuals and institutions, and administering a bureaucracy, shape access to capital and the structure of networks. The article contributes to the existing scholarship by extending the understanding of direct and indirect influence of the state on the reproduction of the image of the ideal entrepreneur and on gender differences in entrepreneurial activity.     

An illustration of dynamic network DEA in commercial banking including robustness tests

The main motivation of this article is to illustrate dynamic network data envelopment analysis (DN-DEA) in commercial banking with emphasis on testing robustness. To this end, sixteen foreign banks in China are benchmarked against thirty-two domestic banks for the post-2007 period that follows major reforms. When network and dynamic dimensions are brought together, a more comprehensive analysis of the period 2008–2010 is enabled where divisional and between-period interactions are reflected in efficiency estimates. Weighted, variable returns-to-scale, non-oriented dynamic network slacks-based measure is used within the framework of the intermediation approach to bank behavior. A bank network (i.e., a decision-making unit, DMU) is conceptualized as comprised of two divisions or sub-DMUs, namely, interest-bearing operations and non-interest operations linked by number of referrals. Undesirable outputs from sub-DMUs 1 and 2 (non-performing loans, and proportion of fruitless referrals, respectively) are treated as carry-overs that impact the efficiency of the following periods. Under robustness testing, the illustrative application discusses discrimination by efficiency estimates, dimensionality of the performance model, stability of estimates through re-sampling (leave-one-out method), and sensitivity of results to divisional weights and returns-to-scale assumptions. The results based on Chinese commercial banks are illustrative in nature because of simulated data used on two of the variables.     

群体性事件网络助燃作用研究

关系复杂化、媒体迎合化、网民偏激化是群体性事件网络助燃的主要因素;数量逻辑、见证逻辑、损害逻辑是群体性事件网络助燃的主要逻辑;“倒置”式、“闪爆”式、“混搭”式是群体性事件网络助燃的主要模式。依法治理网络谣言、重塑媒体责任担当、引导网络舆论推进改革是群体性事件网络阻燃的可行机制。     

利用网络热点事件引导大学生养成良好社会心态

随着网络和网络媒体的发展,当代大学生对社会热点事件的关注度和参与度与日俱增。网络热点事件反映的社会现象和折射的社会问题对即将步入社会的大学生来说具有重要的引导作用,对其社会心态的形成具有重要的影响。高校思想政治工作应引导大学生正确运用网络技术,提高信息分析能力;正确看待社会转型期的各种问题;不断推进思想政治教育现代化发展。同时,国家应积极引导网络媒体,净化网络舆论空间,为大学生成长提供健康的网络环境。     

旅游网络舆情研究体系建构研究

旅游网络舆情属于新兴的网络和社会现象。研究旅游网络舆情对于维护旅游形象、提高旅游管理与决策水平、保障旅游产业安全具有重大意义。本文在对旅游网络舆情产生的背景和影响、国内外相关研究现状进行评述的基础上,从旅游网络舆情的基本构成、发展机理、管理对策三个方面对旅游网络舆情的研究对象和内容进行介绍,分析了主要学科理论对旅游网络舆情研究的贡献,提出研究的主要方法及其适用范围,力求建立相对完善的旅游网络舆情研究体系,为相关研究和实践奠定基础。     

基于复杂网络理论的供应链网络研究综述

本文介绍了供应链网络具有复杂网络特征的认识发现过程、供应链网络的复杂网络属性及其具体内涵、基于复杂网络理论的供应链建模技术拓展和重构、基于复杂网络理论的供应链网络行为和现象专题研究、相关实践应用研究,并对未来研究方向提出了建议。     

区域城市旅游网络组织结构分析——以山东省为例

旅游业具有综合性和开放性两大行业特征,客观上决定了区域旅游发展必须突破城市边界,形成城市旅游网络组织,全面开展区域旅游合作。由于各城市旅游在网络组织中结构的差异性,致使其在区域内的地位与作用也不尽相同。通过对山东省城市旅游网络组织结构的分析,反映山东省城市旅游网络下各城市旅游网络结构(网络规模、密度、约束度及中心/边缘等)的差异性,并提出优化区域城市旅游网络组织结构的若干建议。     

大学生实习期间的权益保护

大学生在实习期间合法权益被侵犯的事件时有发生,其主要原因在于大学生、高等学校和实习单位之间的法律关系主体地位不明确与权利义务关系模糊、实习大学生处于弱势地位以及缺乏法律的特殊关怀。因此,维护大学生在实习期间的合法权益,应当从明确大学生实习所牵涉的法律关系主体入手,建立大学生实习管理制度,完善实习协议约束机制,明确各主体之间的法律地位和权利义务,同时还要通过为实习大学生购买实习意外险的形式建立实习风险分担机制。     

盐类物质对泥质烃源岩生排烃过程的影响

根据中国东部下第三系盐湖相沉积存在的地质实际,利用地层孔隙热压生排烃模拟仪开展了仿真地层条件下的含盐和不含盐泥质烃源岩的生排烃模拟实验,通过对烃类产物的分析探讨了盐类物质参与烃源岩生排烃的过程。研究表明：（1）盐类的存在加速了成烃演化,促进了石油和天然气的生成;（2）盐类的存在降低了对有机质的吸附能力,加速了粘土转化和脱水过程,且盐层易解理,使烃源岩中微孔隙及孔缝发育,促进了油气的初次运移;（3）无盐泥质源岩发育区虽然滞留大量的石油资源,但由于其岩石本身难压裂,对于商业化开采页岩油并无太大意义,到达过成熟阶段后,可能是页岩气开采的有利区带。盐岩发育区虽然其整体演化过程中生成的油气易于排出,但在Ro=1.28%时仍然滞留着20% 的石油资源,富含大量的盐类脆性矿物而低含粘土矿物,有利于产生裂缝,易于压裂,是页岩油藏勘探的有利区带。     

Intergenerational Exchanges of Middle‐Aged Adults With Their Parents and Parents‐In‐Law in Korea

The authors investigated patterns of support exchanges between Korean adult children and their parents and parents‐in‐law, gender differences in these patterns, and implications of children's marital quality for exchange patterns. Data were from a nationally representative sample of married adults (N = 920, age 30–59 years) with at least 1 living parent and 1 living parent‐in‐law. Latent class analysis was applied to 12 indicators of exchanges (financial, instrumental, emotional support given to and received from parents and parents‐in‐law). Five classes of exchanges were identified, 3 showing balanced patterns of exchanges with parents and parents‐in‐law across three types of support and 2 classes with unbalanced patterns (e.g., giving instrumental and financial but not emotional support). The findings revealed variability in intergenerational exchange patterns, with a mix of patrilineal traditional and balanced patterns. Significant associations of exchange patterns with adult children's marital quality suggest the importance of balanced exchanges with parents for marriage.