Being close to ethnic peers: the formation of ethnic residential clustering from a household perspective

To assess the impact of segregation a better understanding is required why minorities and natives decide to move closer to ethnic peers. This study investigates the drivers for ethnic residential clustering from a household perspective. For this, household panel data for Germany is linked to small-scale information on the share of co-ethnic neighbours and to the number of regional housing offers and requests. As a result, life-course changes and indicators of cultural openness show similar effects on ethnic residential clustering for migrants and natives. For both, becoming married, inter-ethnic partnerships and moving out of the parental home lead to lower shares of neighbours with the same ethnic background. Major differences exist regarding contextual factors. Natives are more likely to self-segregate in times of increasing housing supply while migrants seem to face limitations in access to housing in times of increasing housing demand. The results highlight the importance of the housing market and the relation of moving choices between migrants and natives in the formation of ethnic residential clustering.     

Does race matter in the search for housing? An exploratory study of search strategies, experiences, and locations

In a departure from most studies of the causes of racial residential segregation that focus on the three main factors of economics, preferences, and discrimination, this paper examines one of the mechanisms through which segregation may be perpetuated: the housing search process itself. Data come from a 2004 face-to-face survey of an area probability sample of African American and white householders living in the three counties of the Detroit metropolitan area (n = 734). These data are used to address three research questions: (1) What are the strategies people use to find housing, and are there racial differences in those strategies? (2) Do whites and African Americans report similar or different experiences in the search for housing? (3) Do the locations in which people search for housing vary by race? Results show that once controlling for the type of search and background characteristics, the search strategies are generally similar for whites and blacks, though more so for buyers than renters: for example, black renters use more informal strategies and networks than do white renters. Analyses that look at the features of these strategies, however, reveal some significant racial differences. Search experiences are similar in terms of length and number of homes inspected, but other objective and subjective questions about the search show blacks at a disadvantage compared to whites: African Americans submit more offers/applications for homes, report more difficulties, and are much more likely to feel they were taken advantage of during the search. The racial characteristics of the communities in which blacks and whites search are quite different: whites mainly search in white communities, while African Americans search in communities with a variety of racial compositions. The paper concludes with a call for further research on housing search strategies, with particular attention to the role of social networks.     

西南丘陵山区农村居民点整理潜力测算方法探讨--以重庆市渝北区为例

探讨西南丘陵山区(以渝北区为例)农村居民点整理潜力的测算方法.研究方法人均建设用地标准计算法、闲置宅基地抽样调查法、城镇体系规划法,层次分析法(AHP).综合3种潜力测算法,运用层次分析法获取各方案权数,得出渝北区规划目标年的居民点整理潜力值.西南丘陵山区农村居民点整理潜力可综合人均建设用地标准、闲置宅基地抽样调查与城镇体系规划3种方法,通过对各方案赋权重值得出潜力.     

绿色价值理念在生态住宅区建设中的应用

建设环境友好型社会应珍惜绿色价值,搞好城市绿化,大力推进城市绿色生态住宅区建设。本文在城市绿化和居民住宅区绿地建设,居住室内环境质量和室内无害化装饰材料的采用及屋顶自然光源的利用等三个方面,对建设绿色生态住宅区有关问题进行初步探讨。     

我国农房保险与巨灾保险的衔接问题

通过对相关政策法规的分析,发现我国农房保险制度与以城乡居民住宅地震巨灾保险为代表的巨灾保险制度在保障民生、政府主导、市场运作、保险标的、基础保障等方面存在着一定的相似性,在受益对象、承保风险、保险金额、费率厘定、保险方式、风险转移、责任分担等方面也存在差异性,二者将在一段时期内并存。进一步探讨农房保险未来发展趋势及其与城乡居民住宅地震巨灾保险在功能重叠、财政压力、民众选择等方面可能产生的冲突,从制度安排、功能设置、政策引导指明其衔接必然性,最后从责任范围、保费补贴、人身保险、管理机构等方面探讨了其衔接难点和并轨途径。     

居住环境系统教学的探索与尝试

本文回顾和总结了城市规划与建筑学两专业的教育教学方法的历史与现状 ,分析了居住环境教学方面存在的内外环境脱节的现象和问题 ,以社会发展对居住环境提出的新课题、新要求为背景 ,阐述了作者近年来在居住环境教学改革中探索居住环境一体化系统教学的新观点、新方法 ,以及教学改革的新思路和新方案。     

居住区园林人性化设计浅析——以北京朗琴园居住区为例

提高居住区园林设计品质是改善居住区环境和提高居民生活质量的基础。人性化设计是居住区园林发展的重要方向。分析了人性化设计的内涵和居住区园林人性化设计的原则。以北京市朗琴园居住区为例,从道路网布局、水景设计、公共空间构筑、休憩设施、照明与标志、植物种植等方面分析了人性化设计理念在居住区园林中的应用方法,对居住区园林人性化设计的表达方式进行了探讨。     

农户闲置宅基地退出意愿及影响因素研究——以陕西旬阳农民调查为例

宅基地退出应尊重农户意愿.以陕西省旬阳县13个村200户农民的实地调查为基础,运用统计分析方法及logistic回归模型对农户退出闲置宅基地意愿及影响因素进行分析.研究表明:农户年龄、性别、受教育程度、家庭收入来源、对陕西省将推出的宅基地退出政策了解程度等因素对农户退出宅基地意愿影响较明显,在给予农民经济补偿的情况下,八成以上农户愿意退出宅基地.基于该结论提出建立退出激励机制,完善农村社会保障,建立宅基地约束及有偿使用等措施退出宅基地.     

个人住房抵押贷款的风险及其对策分析——兼论中美不同利率制度下的贷款风险

讨论了中美两国个人住房抵押贷款利率制度之间的差异,分析比较了中美银行在个人住房抵押贷款业务上面临的不同风险.美国住房抵押贷款主要采用固定利率等额还款方式,因而利率上升带来的延展风险是美国商业银行关注的焦点;我国住房抵押贷款利率是根据央行法定利率变动调整的,因而提前还款风险并不突出.提出了应对浮动利率制度导致的信用风险和利率风险的措施.     

金融监管组织架构的演变及启示

与分业经营相适应,传统的金融监管组织架构是监管主体多元化的模式,即由不同的职能机构分别对银行、保险、证券等金融机构实施监管;20世纪80年代以来,金融监管出现了监管主体一体化的新趋势。面对金融业混业经营的国际潮流及WTO,我国在继续坚持分业监管的同时,必须积极探索混业监管的新方式,并逐步实现监管主体的一体化。