乡镇企业与农村城镇化“捆绑式”联动推进——中西部地区缩小差 …

目前我国中西部与东部的差距是多方面的，造成这些差距的原因也是多方面的。从中西部自身发展的角度看。在乡镇企业和农村城镇化的发展上的差距则具有十分关键的“连锁效应”。作为中西部地区的发展战略来说,加快乡镇企业和农村城镇化的发展对于支撑中西部的大开发，具有基础性作用，二者在高起点上实现“捆绑式”的联动发展，对于缩小中西部与东部地区的差距，具有关键性作用。     

基层建设年实施背景下的基层工作长效机制

河北省开展了为期三年的“基层建设年活动”,已经基本结束,并且取得了相当的成果;在整个活动行将结束之际,通过什么方式巩固已有的成绩,进一步健全基层工作的长效机制成为了此次活动的重要课题。     

Gender and Children's Housework Time in China: Examining Behavior Modeling in Context

Differentiated gender roles in adulthood are rooted in one's gender role socialization. In order to understand the persistence of gender inequalities in the domestic sphere, we need to examine the gendered patterns of children's housework time. Although researchers have identified behavior modeling as a major mechanism of gender role reproduction and characterized gender socialization as a contextually embedded process, few have investigated contextual variation in behavior modeling, particularly in non‐Western developing countries. Analyzing data from the China Family Panel Studies 2010, the author examined the differences in behavior modeling between boys and girls age 10–15 from 2‐parent families (N = 1,903) in rural and urban China. The results revealed distinctive gendered interplays in the way parental housework and employment behavior helps shape children's housework time. This analysis is a crucial illustration of how the distinctive sociocultural contexts of rural and urban China moderate the effects of housework‐behavior modeling on intergenerational gender role socialization.     

One million and counting: the hidden army of young carers in Canada

The term ‘young carer’ refers to those youth under the age of 25 years who provide substantial unpaid support to a family member due to factors including, but not limited to, familial or parental absence, disability, mental health issue(s) or problems with alcohol and/or other drugs. In the UK, national statistics have been integral to tracking the prevalence of young carers while serving as an important tool towards the development of (and justification for) a national legislative framework supporting these youth. In Canada, research and awareness for young carers remains in its infancy and available national datasets have yet to be examined in relation to youths providing unpaid caregiving. As a result, this research provides the first trend analysis of youth-based caregiving in Canada using census data for the 1996–2006 time-period. Methodological limitations of official statistics are also discussed in terms of conceptual and operational constraints limiting the full identification of all those potential young carers.     

农村公共产品供给机制创新和"三农"问题

我国农村生产的组织形式决定了农业、农村、农民对农村公共产品有着强烈的依赖性。农村改革前,农村公共产品供给主体是国家和集体。农村改革后,这种供给机制不复存在,而新的供给机制又未完全建立,形成农村公共产品供给严重不足,制约了农业生产力水平的提高,影响了农村经济的发展,农民负担过重,收入难以增加。党和政府一再强调把"三农"问题作为全部工作的重中之重,客观要求创新农村公共产品供给机制,有利于"三农"问题的解决,这是农村进行第二次改革的重要内容之一。     

乡村公共空间与乡村文化建设——以河北唐山乡村公共空间为例

乡村聚落中的公共空间是农民参与乡村文化建设的重要场所。在中国社会经济转型时期,随着乡村社会生活的深刻变化,乡村公共空间也在发生变化。本文以河北唐山为调查区域,抽样调查分析了当地乡村生活与公共空间的分布特点。即虽然乡村生活发生了变化,但是大多数乡村公共空间还是分布在必需性活动场所及其附近,并以两三种活动复合在同一地点为主,良好的环境和设施是附加性的分布影响因素。同时,本文归纳了公共空间活动的人员结构和组织特征,进而分析了政府、村委会、核心人物在乡村公共空间中作用。     

子女结构对农村养老中的资源交换机制的影响

本文采用2013年“中国健康与养老追踪调查”中甘肃和安徽两省追踪调查数据,运用广义线性模型、 logistic回归模型等分析方法,结合代际支持动机理论和能力理论,考察子女结构对农村养老中的资源交换机制的影响。结果发现：不管是经济支持还是情感支持,长子女和幼子女之间,儿子和女儿之间都存在分工关系和替代关系,以满足老年人的各项需求。子女的孩次、性别均对代际资源交换存在显著影响,孙子女的性别和数量对年轻一代和年老一代的代际动机产生显著影响,其中居住距离、外出务工和父母照料孙子女是不可忽略的中间因素。     

国外养老保险城乡一体化发展的经验及启示

西方发达国家的养老保险经历了长期的制度实践和政策调适．基本形成了较为完善的城乡一体化制度模式和运行机制,尤其是多数工业化国家也同样经历了“先城市、后农村”的养老保险发展历程．这对我国当前城乡社会养老保险制度从二元分割走向统筹整合有着重要的经验启示,政府主导自上而下、城市农村双向推动、制度统分双层结合、时间序列上的分步渐进和空间层次上的梯度递进是社会养老保险城乡统筹应遵循的推进策略。     

LGBT Health in the Midlands: A Rural/Urban Comparison of Basic Health Indicators

Research into the health and wellbeing of rural lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations is limited. A community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach was used to develop an online survey for LGBT Nebraskans. The 770 participants replied to an array of questions on social determinants of health and basic health outcomes. Only significant differences in having health insurance were found between urban and rural participants. Social determinants of health were explored. Results of this study suggest that regional culture may be more salient to health for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender persons living in the Midwest than rural or urban residence.     

A Comparison of Mental Health,Substance Use,and Sexual Risk Behaviors Between Rural and Non-Rural Transgender Persons

The aim of this study was to compare the mental health, substance use, and sexual risk behaviors of rural and non-rural transgender persons. Online banner advertisements were used to recruit 1,229 self-identified rural and non-rural transgender adults (18+ years) residing in the United States. Primary findings include significant differences in mental health between rural and non-rural transmen; relatively low levels of binge drinking across groups, although high levels of marijuana use; and high levels of unprotected sex among transwomen. The results confirm that mental and physical health services for transgender persons residing in rural areas are urgently needed.