我国村镇适度规模探析——基于人口数量和辖区面积角度

村镇(乡)是当前我国乡村治理的基本组织,担负着对乡村社会的管理与服务职能,适度的村镇规模能够有效促进农村城镇化建设。在新农村建设过程中,确定村镇的适度规模尤为重要。文章基于人口数量和辖区面积角度,探讨村镇适度规模的内涵及影响因素,剖析目前我国村镇发展中存在的问题,提出调整村镇区划、撤乡并村、动态管理等措施。     

Initial Validation of the Socialization Self-Efficacy Scale With International Transracially Adoptive Parents

This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the 10-item Socialization Self-Efficacy Scale (SSES) using a sample of international transracially adoptive parents. This online survey design study recruited transracially adoptive parents from parenting support groups. Using a random split sample of the data, exploratory factor analysis resulted in two subfactors: cultural socialization self-efficacy and racial socialization self-efficacy. Next, confirmatory factor analysis in the remaining sample supported the two-factor structure. The findings provide strong initial support for the validity of the SSES that measures transracially adoptive parents’ motivation and belief in their ability to engage in cultural and racial socialization practices.     

Scale shift in international tax justice: comparing the UK and Australia from 2008 to 2016

ABSTRACT

International tax justice issues, such as corporate tax avoidance, have gained particular salience over the past decade in an environment of financial instability and government austerity. Civil society involvement has ranged from trade unions and NGOs calling for parliamentary inquiries to civil disobedience by less established actors. Since the international financial crisis, how have levels of contentious collective action around these issues waxed and waned? Is contentiousness associated most with domestic politics or global media events like the Panama Papers? This paper uses an original hand-coded dataset from five national newspapers in the United Kingdom and Australia between 2008 and 2016. Political claims analysis (PCA) was used to collect all instances of claims around international tax justice and compare the types of actions and the different frames used by civil society actors. In both countries, mobilising grievances are generated most strongly in the period after domestic austerity policies are introduced. The qualitative coding provides evidence of accompanying frame alignment in these periods, as international taxation is problematized in terms of national revenue, demonstrating scale shift from the global to the national political stage.     

基于绿色规模效益的中周连锁零售业并购

中国连锁零售业虽然销售规模和企业规模不断扩大。但与国外连锁零售业相比，还存在市场集中度低、规模经济不明显等问题。合理扩大连锁零售企业的规模既是完善自身发展、获得协同效应的有效手段，也是应对外资企业冲击的迫切需要。在分析中国连锁零售业现状和并购效应以及评论中国连锁零售企业并购历程的基础上，提出并购是获取规模经济的有效途径，并从政府、社会、企业三方面提出完善中国连锁零售业并购的措施。     

中国企业出口与生产率关系实证研究——对制造业企业自我选择效应和出口中学效应的分析

运用2005—2008年中国14个制造业企业面板数据,分析企业出口的自我选择效应和出口中学效应,结果表明:中国制造业企业出口与生产率的关系违背异质性企业贸易模型,自我选择效应不显著,并且存在"生产率悖论";出口中学效应也不显著。虽然出口企业的生产率与出口规模正相关,但在控制其他影响出口规模的变量后,生产率与出口规模则呈现负相关;在控制其他影响生产率的变量后,出口规模与生产率同样也会呈现负相关。中国企业出口的自我选择效应不显著的原因在于其加工贸易等现实条件与经典理论假设的背离;而中国企业出口中学效应不明显的重要原因则在于其自我选择效应的不显著和规模报酬递减。     

治理通货膨胀预期应成为宏观政策关注的新视角

通货膨胀既可以是供求失衡导致的，也可以是货币膨胀导致的。在世界经济迅猛发展的今天，通货膨胀发生发展的机理也存悄然发生着变化，正是这些变化，使得通货膨胀对社会经济的影响已经前置到通货膨胀预期对经济发展的影响。本文以中国经济企稳过程为真实背景，初步探讨通货膨胀预期的负效应及治理的政策路径，尽管存在个案特征，但仍不失为一种分析思路。     

黔东南性别失衡人口规模的判断与预测

黔东南州作为西部欠发达省份的民族自治地区,出生性别比长期、普遍、高度的失衡已经对经济发展、社会安定造成一定影响。虽然出生性别比失衡问题得到政府和社会的广泛关注和重视,并自2004年起开展了系列治理活动,但出生性别比升高的势头并未因之而有所遏制。本文希望通过对出生性别比失衡人口规模的计算,以及预测失衡导致该州未来男女人口规模和适龄结婚人口规模差异,使人们对失衡状况与未来影响有更清晰的认识,并为进一步治理提供参考素材。     

A simulation tool for modeling the influence of anatomy on information flow using discrete integrate and fire neurons

There are theories on brain functionality that can only be tested in very large models. In this work, a simulation model appropriate for working with large number of neurons was developed, and Information Theory measuring tools were designed to monitor the flow of information in such large networks. The model’s simulator can handle up to one million neurons in its current implementation by using a discretized version of the Lapicque integrate and fire neuron instead of interacting differential equations. A modular structure facilitates the setting of parameters of the neurons, networks, time and most importantly, architectural changes. Applications of this research are demonstrated by testing architectures in terms of mutual information. We present some preliminary architectural results showing that adding a virtual analogue to white matter called “jumps” to a simple representation of cortex results in: (1) an increase in the rate of mutual information flow, corresponding to the “bias” or “priming” hypothesis; thereby giving a possible explanation of the high speed response to stimuli in complex networks. (2) An increase in the stability of response of the network; i.e. a system with “jumps” is a more reliable machine. This also has an effect on the potential speed of response.     

大型活动拥挤踩踏事故灰色层次分析

针对大型活动拥挤踩踏事故诱因复杂的特点，采用灰色层次分析法，在客观归类大型活动拥挤踩踏事故影响因素的基础上，建立拥挤踩踏事故评估灰色层次分析模型，并以沈阳世博会综合馆进行实例分析，得出安全等级，实例表明，灰色层次评估方法具备实用性，能够比较客观、真实地反映大型活动拥挤踩踏事故风险情况，值得推广和使用。     

二元氧化物碱性标度的建立

本文应用电负性均衡原理，建立了一种标度二元氧化物碱性强弱的新方法．对大量氧化物的计算结果表明，碱性标度B的大小顺序与氧化物的碱性强弱顺序的一致性令人满意．本文碱性标度的建立,将有助于定量比较氧化物的碱性强弱．