一个爱情故事的深刻记忆--谈沈从文创作《边城》的心理动因

从性心理学与精神分析的角度,对沈从文生平事迹、《水云》《老伴》等创作谈、散文作品及相关研究资料进行梳理、剖析,就可以发现:《边城》情感机制的形成,是由生活中三个"偶然"(作家所指称的年轻姑娘)引起作家的"性幻想",并引起其"性记忆",从而生成和坠入"乡下女孩子"即线铺女"那种纷乱情感";从而确认这部小说创作的一个隐秘的、深层的心理动因,是关于作家青少年时代爱情生活的一个深刻记忆。     

Why Do They Start It? Explaining Reported Early-Teen Sexual Activity

This paper seeks an account of why young teens initiate consensual sexual activity. It does so by constructing statistical models aimed at distinguishing those who report having initiated sexual activity from those who have not in four samples of eighth graders from an Upstate New York county. Theoretical selection of the model variables is guided by insights from problem syndrome, control and differential association theories. From our findings we conclude the following: (1) Risk behaviors foreseen by the problem syndrome approach, including having used marijuana and having been drunk, are significant, powerful predictors of early-teen sexual activity. (2) The social setting of consensual sexual activity differs by sex at the eighth grade level. For example, having a boyfriend is a more consistent, powerful predictor variable for girls than is having a girlfriend for boys and there is evidence to support the hypothesis that boys initiate sexual activity in the context of status-seeking while girls are more likely to do so as a way of attaining approval. (3) Our findings do not give clear primacy to parents or peers as an influence on early-teen consensual sexual activity. Both control theory, usually associated with parental-influence variables, and differential association theory, usually associated with peer-influence variables, receive support. (4) The results of the research spanning a 2-year period of intensive community antiteen-pregnancy efforts by a Zero Adolescent Pregnancy (ZAP) campaign are consistent with the conclusion that such a multifaceted approach might help lower early-teen initiation of sexual activity.     

漫议《聊斋志异》的"性"文化美质

中国"性"文化有着良好的传统,其在文学艺术的表现中一般分为"变态的性欲描写"和"文学的性欲描写"两类,<聊斋志异>则属于后者.<聊斋志异>中的性欲描写含蓄、蕴籍,少叙述而多形容,且与异性间感情的发展相伴以行,它既是男女爱情激流的涌现,是情节和人物性格发展的需要,又是小说艺术氛围所不可缺少的,不能以"低级庸俗"将其完全抹煞.特别是那些歌颂爱情的小说中的性欲描写,更是绘声绘影,仪态万方,多姿多彩地展现了中国性文化的美质.     

'Bataille's boys': postmodernity, Fascists and football fans

In his analysis of football hooliganism, Anthony King claims to reveal the historical, conceptual scheme young, male supporters draw upon. This 'masculine vision', he states, is similar to that held by the Freikorps. Both groups are said to adhere to modernist notions of masculinity, sexuality and nationhood, reinforced by rituals which maintain boundaries between these 'proper' males and deviant 'others'. Occasionally, football hooligans breach these boundaries in acts of postmodern transgression. King also claims that fans link sex and violence in their imaginations. In this response I examine King's critique of his fellow theorists; challenge his 'Freikorps-Fans' analogy; demonstrate the problem he has in establishing the sex-violence link and question the relevance of his concept of postmodernity.     

Predictors of General Well-Being Among Female Single Parent College Students

The purpose of Ulis study was to investigate whether socioeconomic status, social support systems, self-esteem, family envi- ronment, and length of Lime as a single parent were associated with the general well-being of female single parent college shidents (n = 51). Statistically sigruficant relationships were found between social support systcms, self-esteem, family environment, and the general well-being of the subjects.     

Association of educational level and child sex ratio in rural and urban India

Utilizing data from the Census of India, this study compared child sex ratio in rural and urban regions of India and analyzed whether the child sex ratio was associated with mother’s education level. The child sex ratios in the rural and urban regions throughout India were analyzed using the two-sample and paired Student’s t-test. Further, the Chi-square test for trend in binomial proportions was used to assess the association between child sex ratios and mother’s education levels in rural and urban areas. Analysis of the data showed that there was a significant difference between the child sex ratios in rural areas versus urban areas. In addition, the Chi-square test for trend showed that there was a significant association of the child sex ratio and the educational levels of their mothers. This trend occurred in both rural and urban areas.     

家庭与工作的“平衡”——女性地位的可变性与不变性

现代女性在家庭与工作中的地位成为社会学界普遍关注的话题。当今社会虽然大部分女性在一定程度上摆脱了家庭的束缚,但男性在家庭中的优势地位仍非常突出;女性虽然已获得经济的独立,可以从事一些职业,承担一些职责,但是男女工作上的差异仍广泛地存在着。她们处理家庭与工作关系的现状,充分反映了女性地位的不变性与可变性。     

Some sampling effects of pairwise correlated observations on likelihood ratio tests for the difference between two means

We study the effects of the inclusion of pairs of correlated observations in a sample on likelihood ratio tests for the difference in two means. In particular, we assess how the inclusion of correlated data pairs (e.g., such as data inadvertently collected from sib-pairs) affects the sample size requirements necessary for the implementation of a Likelihood Ratio (LR) test for the difference between two means. Our results suggest that correlated data pairs beneficially or adversely effect sample size requirements for an LR test to a degree functionally related to the mixture parameters dictating their relative frequencies in the larger sample on which the test will be performed, the strength of the correlation between the observations, and the size of imbalances in the sample with respect to the number of observations in each group. The relevance and implications of the results for genetic and epidemiologic research are discussed.     

Medical Assessment of Children Who Have Been Recently Raped

No abstract available for this article.     

Are girls more than boys subjected to disrupted conditions of upbringing?

Basing findings on data from the longitudinal programme Individual Development and Adaptation (IDA; n = 1383) it was found to be twice as common for girls to have been subjected to problematic upbringing conditions as for boys (here defined by experiencing major changes with regard to the child's caregivers; i.e. not just one parental divorce). This characterized 7.4% of the girls and 3.5% of the boys, a highly significant difference. A simple count of the number of parental transitions a child had been subjected to during upbringing also showed a sex difference in the same direction. As expected, girls with such disrupted upbringing showed adjustment problems during the school years, especially with regard to hyperactivity-related behaviours and conduct problems. The corresponding group of boys showed less pronounced adjustment problems. The generalizability of the results are discussed and tentative explanations presented for the sex differences that were found.