论列宁计算和监督的思想具有社会协调发展的性质

论述了十月武装起义前后,列宁关于调节社会经济发展的主要思想,指出列宁关于“计算和监督”的思想充分反映了无产阶级在夺取政权时期以及夺得政权之后的社会发展思想,这主要表现为缓和社会主义与资本主义的矛盾关系,以及主张利用资产阶级专家的作用等方面。     

市场转型与底层行动的"去政治化"

在对市场转型研究中精英主义取向批判的基础上,提出把底层群体带回市场转型研究的视野中来,强调底层群体是中国社会转型的重要参与者以及影响改革进程的基础力量。中国政治体制的连贯性确立了国家对改革中利益受损的底层群体的责任关联和制度承诺,而市场转型中底层群体行动逻辑的生存伦理性和非政治倾向性的特征,并非是底层群体独立自主的选择结果。底层的行动逻辑不仅受到外在强势力量的显性阻隔,而且受到市场话语和去政治化的法律社会工程的隐蔽型塑。这种＂隐藏的文本＂,作为强制性的法律武器的一面,它构成对潜在的具有政治倾向性的底层抗争行动的＂硬性威慑＂,而作为公平性的法律话语的一面,则构成＂保护＂底层利益的＂软性约束＂。     

Urban versus Rural: Fertility Decline in the Cities and Rural Districts of Prussia, 1875 to 1910

Marital fertility in 54 Prussian cities and 407 Prussian Kreise (administrative areas) is analyzed using unusually rich and detailed socioeconomic and demographic data from eight quinquennial census between 1875 and 1910. Pooled cross-section time series methods are used to examine influences on marital fertility level and on marital fertility decline, focusing particularly on fertility differences according to level of urbanization. Increases in female labour force participation rate and income, the growth of financial services and communications, improvement in education, and reduction in infant mortality account for most of the marital fertility decline in 19th century Prussia. In 1875, rural and urban fertility were similar but by 1910, urban fertility was far lower than rural in part because the values of some of these variables changed more rapidly in the cities, and in part because some of these variables had stronger effects in urban settings.     

Neighborhood change from the bottom Up: What are the determinants of social distance between new and prior residents?

An important source of neighborhood change occurs when there is a turnover in the housing unit due to residential mobility and the new residents differ from the prior residents based on socio-demographic characteristics (what we term social distance). Nonetheless, research has typically not asked which characteristics explain transitions with higher social distance based on a number of demographic dimensions. We explore this question using American Housing Survey data from 1985 to 2007, and focus on instances in which the prior household moved out and is replaced by a new household. We focus on four key characteristics for explaining this social distance: the type of housing unit, the age of the housing unit, the length of residence of the exiting household, and the crime and social disorder in the neighborhood. We find that transitions in the oldest housing units and for the longest tenured residents result in the greatest amount of social distance between new and prior residents, implying that these transitions are particularly important for fostering neighborhood socio-demographic change. The results imply micro-mechanisms at the household level that might help explain net change at the neighborhood level.     

Changes in work and care trajectories during the transition to motherhood

In most mid- and high-income countries, there have been significant demographic, structural, and cultural changes in the past decades. However, we know little about how these changes have shaped women's work patterns during a key life stage: the transition to motherhood. Using longitudinal data from Chile, covering over 30 years of employment histories and three periods of first births (1980–2010), I conduct sequence analysis to identify women's work-care trajectories during an eight-year period of the transition to motherhood. Over time, I find that continuous care work at home has declined, for which education plays a key role, while the chances of working continuously have not changed over time. Instead, I find an increasing trend of unsteady paths that combine paid work with either caretaking or unemployment. I discuss how these changes, as well as their association with education, have important implications for both gender and social inequality.     

信贷规模与房地产价格的非线性动态关系——基于中国直辖市数据的比较研究

运用非线性平滑转换模型对中国直辖市的信贷规模与房地产价格的动态关系进行对比研究。研究发现如果想要通过控制信贷规模调控房地产价格,天津和重庆更容易达成调控目标,北京则很难。在信贷规模对房地产价格产生非线性影响的条件下,信贷规模对房地产价格的影响存在不同状态,重庆在不同状态间的变化速度最快,其次是天津,最慢的是北京。     

A1—10%Pb—钢双金属材料水平连铸复合结晶器的选用

本文从冷却速度及其对连铸复合材料组织和性能的影响的角度分析所选择的结晶器材料的适用性,在此基础上,选用了石墨结晶器外加水冷铜套的连铸复合系统来生产Al—10％Pb—钢双金属材料,并定量地给出了石墨结晶器上下型的主要尺寸。     

Determinants of Contraceptive Use in Egypt: A Multilevel Approach

The increasing use of family planning methods seems to be the intermediate determinant which mostly influences the fertility decline in developing countries, and in particular in those countries which are in an advanced phase of demographic transition such as Egypt. Moreover large countries, like Egypt, are characterized by very different geographical realities and even by strong regional heterogeneities. The aim of this study is the analysis of the determinants of contraceptive use in Egypt, with particular reference to the differentials due to the socio-economic context and to the area of residence. To estimate each individual and regional factors’ effect on contraceptive use, a logistic two-level random intercept model is fitted to EDHS 2000 data; the use of a multilevel analysis is suggested by the two-level data structure: the first level units are the women, the second level units are their regions of residence.     

对英语演讲中使用过渡词的认可情况调查

本文结合调查探究过渡词是否能促进听众对演讲内容的理解，调查结果显示听众和演讲者对演讲中使用过渡词都持肯定态度，进而强调教师在交际学或演讲学的教学中，应该适当强调过渡词的用法和功能。     

Transition from school for youths with a disability: issues and challenges

Australian research has demonstrated that students with a disability are more likely to remain out of the full‐time workforce. These research findings have been the catalyst for a call for a comprehensive career development and transition planning approach for all students with disabilities in schools as well as for employers to rethink the role of people with disabilities in the workforce. In the Australian context the transition from school for individuals with a disability is complicated by a disparate and fragmented group of service agencies providing a range of services, including employment, supported accommodation, recreation and leisure pursuits, as well as training and placement, along with, at times, a deep‐seated prejudice towards people with disabilities in the market place. This paper reviews a number of issues and challenges confronting individuals with a disability making the transition from school to the post‐school environment.