震荡与冲突：近代中国社会结构转型探析

中国传统社会结构乃是权威—依附模式。鸦片战争以后 ,随着家族中心主义的动摇、阶级的裂变和改组、社会群体的嬗变与激增以及沿海与内地、城市与乡村二元格局的出现 ,近代中国社会结构呈现出从宗法社会到二元结构社会转型的态势。     

湖北省高校科技成果转化的现状调查与分析

通过对高校科技工作管理者、高校教师以及部分企业的调研发现,目前影响湖北省高校科技成果转化的因素主要是政府管理、资金投入、高校观念转变与机制创新、企业重视等方面,并提出相应的对策与建议.     

Kurtosis modelling by means of the J-transformation

Summary: The H–family of distributions or H–distributions, introduced by Tukey (1960; 1977), are generated by a single transformation of the standard normal distribution and allow for leptokurtosis represented by the parameter h. Alternatively, Haynes et al. (1997) generated leptokurtic distributions by applying the K–transformation to the normal distribution. In this study we propose a third transformation, the so–called J–transformation, and derive some properties of this transformation. Moreover, so-called elongation generating functions (EGFs) are introduced. By means of EGFs we are able to visualize the strength of tail elongation and to construct new transformations. Finally, we compare the three transformations towards their goodness–of–fit in the context of financial return data.     

名词性复合词的意义建构诸理论述评

名词性复合词的意义建构是一个看似简单,实际上非常复杂的过程。传统语法把这一意义建构过程简单化,认为名词性复合词的意义等于各组成部分名词的意义总和。转换生成语言学家 意义特征理论学家也都提出了各自的理论解释,但都有很大的缺陷。概念合成语言学理论对名词性复合词的意义建构做出了比较完整的理论解释,但也有待于进一步的改进。     

论石油存续企业的结构调整与优化改革的总体思路

石油存续企业的结构调整与优化，是当前石油企业深化改革的难点和重点问题。石油存续企业改革的核心应在明确定位的基础上，合理确定企业的主营业务与辅营业务，并以此为基础对现有的业务经营单位进行重组，最终对辅业经营单位进行结构调整和整合，实现企业的长期生存和发展。     

善意取得制度研究

善意取得制度意在对特定类型的非正常的利益变动,做出价值判断,进行利益衡平。那么,善意取得制度对何种类型非正常的利益变动进行衡平?又是如何进行衡平的呢?这就引出了善意取得制度的构成要件及其效力问题。笔者正是从这两方面着手对善意取得制度基础理论和实践应用提供一孔之见。     

The impact of sales promotions on store performance: a structural vector autoregressive approach

The present paper analyses the impact of sales promotions on store performance, in the short and long term, from the retailer's point of view. Relationships among promoted and regular sales in the hypermarkets of a large-scale retail chain of national importance, are investigated by means of a structural vector autoregressive model (SVAR). Statistically significant effects of sales promotions in the heavy household section on store sales are found in the short-run; these promotions produce additional sales and thus act as an attractive factor. Promotions in textile category, on the contrary, produce an immediate negative effect on net sales. In the long run, negative statistically significant effects on regular sales are detected when promotions are repeatedly implemented within perishables category.     

Generalized additive models for location, scale and shape

Summary.  A general class of statistical models for a univariate response variable is presented which we call the generalized additive model for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS). The model assumes independent observations of the response variable y given the parameters, the explanatory variables and the values of the random effects. The distribution for the response variable in the GAMLSS can be selected from a very general family of distributions including highly skew or kurtotic continuous and discrete distributions. The systematic part of the model is expanded to allow modelling not only of the mean (or location) but also of the other parameters of the distribution of y , as parametric and/or additive nonparametric (smooth) functions of explanatory variables and/or random-effects terms. Maximum (penalized) likelihood estimation is used to fit the (non)parametric models. A Newton–Raphson or Fisher scoring algorithm is used to maximize the (penalized) likelihood. The additive terms in the model are fitted by using a backfitting algorithm. Censored data are easily incorporated into the framework. Five data sets from different fields of application are analysed to emphasize the generality of the GAMLSS class of models.     

为国家教育妇女：加纳的教育改革与性别问题

1986改革中,加纳政府根据结构调整方案(SAP)和2020计划,关注教育中存在性别的不平等现象,努力解决女生在科学、数学和技术课程(SMT)的学业成绩、入学率等问题,并建立女子教育联合会.问题的解决要依靠真正普及免费的义务教育以及将妇女教育延伸到职业和高等教育机构.     

Horwitz's rule, transforming both sides and the design of experiments for mechanistic models

Summary. The paper develops methods for the design of experiments for mechanistic models when the response must be transformed to achieve symmetry and constant variance. The power transformation that is used is partially justified by a rule in analytical chemistry. Because of the nature of the relationship between the response and the mechanistic model, it is necessary to transform both sides of the model. Expressions are given for the parameter sensitivities in the transformed model and examples are given of optimum designs, not only for single-response models, but also for experiments in which multivariate responses are measured and for experiments in which the model is defined by a set of differential equations which cannot be solved analytically. The extension to designs for checking models is discussed.