The effects of mass shootings on gun sales: Motivations,mechanisms, policies and regulations

Surges in firearm sales after mass shootings have been well documented in the United States. This study presents three main findings regarding the impact of mass shootings on firearm demand and the moderating roles played by political and regulatory climates. First, mass shootings led to an immediate but temporary increase in gun sales. This effect continued for approximately 3–6 months after the incidents and was larger for shootings with a greater number of fatalities. Second, the association between mass shootings and gun sales was significant only under Democratic presidents. The party affiliation of the state legislature and state-level gun control did not moderate this association. Third, the increased firearm sales after mass shootings did not result in a higher level of firearm ownership. It appeared most purchases were made by current gun owners stockpiling additional firearms, thus indicating the fear of stricter gun control as a likely motivation. This study offers the following policy implications: (a) the public debates concerning gun violence could have the unintended consequence of raising gun demand among current owners, (b) the message of tightening gun control could increase the total stock of firearms in circulation, and (c) the regulations to prevent future mass shootings may be better addressed by the state government as a state-level regulation does not trigger demand response among potential consumers.     

Half of the Disabled in China are Elderly

正According to Jiankang News,there are about 44.16 million disabled persons aged over 60 years in China,accounting for53.24%of the total disabled.There is stil a long way to go for the prevention and rehabilitation work of old-age disability.Experts recommended that rehabilitation services for old-age disability should be     

陈天华蹈海原因新析

陈天华之所以走上蹈海自尽之路 ,主要是因为他在革命与改良两种救国主张之间举棋不定 ,无所适从以至长期处于焦虑、压抑、苦闷之心理状态的结果 ,具体而言是由在他身上体现出来的三对两难矛盾所决定的 ,即感情上倾向革命与理智上倾向改良的矛盾 ;革命派身份与改良派思想倾向的矛盾以及寄望于留日学界与失望于留日学界的矛盾等。正是这三对既相互联系又相互区别的两难矛盾 ,使陈天华这真诚的爱国者在对革命与改良两种救国主张的取舍上陷入了进退维谷的信仰绝境 ,最终不得不选择蹈海自尽之路以求解脱。     

Services to prevent child placing-out for cocaine-affected and non-affected families

This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of the'In-Home Family Care' programme of Children's Home Society of California in Alameda County, particularly regarding the emphasis and impact of services for cocaine-affected families. The family characteristics, problems addressed and service provision in cases served over a 3-year period were assessed in terms of their relation to placement outcome for cocaine-affected and non-affected families. This evaluation found that, despite serious and often chronic problems among cocaine-affected families, their child removal rate was no higher than that for non-affected families. Implications for risk assessment and placement decisions are discussed.     

略论女大学生违法犯罪的预防

预防女大学生违法犯罪，应从多方面着手。家庭的亲情滋养是预防女大学生违法犯罪的基石，学校的教育牵引是预防女大学生违法犯罪的关键，国家的法律制度是预防女大学生违法犯罪的保障。     

污染防治协议探析

污染防治协议是行政机关为了解决环境污染问题 ,基于与排污者的合意而达成的协议 ,该协议从性质上说属于行政合同。污染防治协议的推行 ,能带来一系列积极作用。协议的内容应包括订立协议的目标、防治污染的对策、排污者履行协议可以得到的优惠 ,违反协议的责任和处理方法等。污染防治协议与依法行政不违背     

青少年自杀行为与社工介入

生命的终结可以有很多种原因,多种形式,但是其中有一种特殊的形式,一个人主动决定并采取措施结束自己的生命,这就是自杀。自杀直接危害了人的生命,社会工作者相信人的生命不应被剥夺,积极协助案主避免受伤害。本文主要对青少年自杀行为进行浅显分析,并提出社工的介入策略。     

The SESS multisite collaborative research initiative: establishing common ground

Multidisciplinary intervention approaches are needed for meeting service needs for families in which substance abuse and mental health disorders may be interfering with child‐rearing. Experiences from the Starting Early Starting Smart (SESS) initiative, a 12‐site national collaborative investigation of integrating behavioural health services in early childhood and primary health care service settings for children aged 0–5 years and their families and caregivers, are described. This 4‐year applied research initiative was co‐funded by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration of the US Department of Health and Human Services and Casey Family Programs, a private operating foundation. SESS, which was developed and implemented in 12 geographically and culturally diverse cities in the USA during 1997–2001, encouraged federal, state, and local public/private partnerships. Opportunities and challenges in using an inclusive, consensus‐based, stakeholder model to maximize study relevance and utility for researchers, practitioners, and fiscal sponsors are discussed, and lessons for multidisciplinary, multisite research collaborations are identified.     

中国传统文化中的危机管理思想

中国传统文化中蕴含着丰富的危机管理思想,其整体更为重视危机预防。在危机预防方面,儒家从忧患意识出发,强调道德及社会责任;法家强调制度化、创新与识危除奸;道家强调领导者"有为乱之首"及处于成熟阶段的组织的危机预防;兵家强调对信息的系统搜集。在危机处理方面,儒家强调"不仁则失";法家注重运用激励约束机制;道家注意到在危机中的机会;兵家强调信息管理及对危机的快速响应,在条件允许的情况下主动制造危机,创造机会。     

1949—1966年间中国红十字会的主要活动及其特点

新中国成立之后,在中央人民政府的领导下,中国红十字会进行了改组。1949—1966年间,中国红十字会在医疗卫生、战地救护、灾害救助、战后问题处理等领域开展了大量活动,对于国家的经济社会建设起到了重要促进作用。归纳这时期中国红十字会活动开展的特点有：国内活动侧重于医疗卫生领域;积极实施国际救助并参与国际事务处理;活动开展的行政化色彩比较浓重。