大学数学教学应重视学生四种能力的培养

数学教育在大学生基本素质培养方面发挥着不可替代的作用,教师在教学过程中不仅要做好数学知识的传授,而且应该注重学生综合能力和素质的培养。数学具有鲜明的学科特点,需要独特的学习方法,教师应充分利用这些特点,在大学数学教学中重视学生抽象思维和逻辑推理、分析问题和解决问题、自主学习、归纳总结和推广四种能力的培养,为学生未来的发展打下坚实的基础。     

Restricted mean survival time as a summary measure of time‐to‐event outcome

Many clinical research studies evaluate a time‐to‐event outcome, illustrate survival functions, and conventionally report estimated hazard ratios to express the magnitude of the treatment effect when comparing between groups. However, it may not be straightforward to interpret the hazard ratio clinically and statistically when the proportional hazards assumption is invalid. In some recent papers published in clinical journals, the use of restricted mean survival time (RMST) or τ ‐year mean survival time is discussed as one of the alternative summary measures for the time‐to‐event outcome. The RMST is defined as the expected value of time to event limited to a specific time point corresponding to the area under the survival curve up to the specific time point. This article summarizes the necessary information to conduct statistical analysis using the RMST, including the definition and statistical properties of the RMST, adjusted analysis methods, sample size calculation, information fraction for the RMST difference, and clinical and statistical meaning and interpretation. Additionally, we discuss how to set the specific time point to define the RMST from two main points of view. We also provide developed SAS codes to determine the sample size required to detect an expected RMST difference with appropriate power and reconstruct individual survival data to estimate an RMST reference value from a reported survival curve.     

宋子文研究综述

与其他民国时期重要历史人物的研究相比,学术界对宋子文的研究显得十分薄弱,长期以来几乎是一片空白。直到20世纪80年代,宋子文研究才逐渐引起人们的兴趣和重视,取得了可喜的成果。及时总结和梳理这些研究成果,将对宋子文研究的进一步深入有所裨益。     

蒋廷黻研究述评

蒋廷黻是民国史上一位特殊的历史人物。20世纪60年代中期以来,学界即开展对蒋廷黻的研究。迄今为止,学界主要以蒋氏的近代史观和学者从政前之政治思想作为研究对象,对其以后的思想演变和政治实践较少涉及。解读与析评蒋氏近代史观乃此一时期的中心论题。全面而深入地对蒋廷黻其人其学进行研究仍是学界努力的方向,而历史主义的态度、对史料进行系统的整理与出版以及研究方法的多元化,无疑是达成这一研究目标的关键。     

白璧之微瑕--《说文解字》不足之表现及原因

<说文解字>是我国第一部字典,它在文字、训诂、编纂各方面的成就是不言而明的.但同时它在编纂体例、释义、重文的归纳等方面还存在着不足,有其局限性.探视其不足,找寻不足之原因,才会更利于对<说文>的研究和今后的字典编撰工作.     

Query languages for statistical databases

Statistical database management systems keep raw, elementary and/or aggregated data and include query languages with facilities to calculate various statistics from this data. In this article we examine statistical database query languages with respect to the criteria identified and taxonomy developed in Ozsoyoglu and Ozsoyoglu (1985b). The criteria include statistical metadata and objects, aggregation features and interface to statistical packages. The taxonomy of statistical database query languages classifies them with respect to the data model used, the type of user interface and method of implementation. Temporal databases are rich sources of data for statistical analysis. Aggregation features of temporal query languages, as well as the issues in calculating aggregates from temporal data, are also examined.     

Research Summary of Chinese Ecological Anthropology in 2013

The year 2013 was a fruitful year for the study of Ecological Anthropology in China . More than one hundred related papers were been published in 2013 . They can be roughly divided into three categorie...     

东北方言副词研究综述

本文主要归纳了80年代以来东北方言副词的句法功能研究、语义研究、类型学视角下的研究以及语法化的研究等,总结了近三十余年来东北方言副词研究的热点、重点问题,并且提出新的研究趋势。     

二十世纪以来的周秦两汉舆制研究综述

周秦两汉的舆制研究一直受到史界的关注，由于考古挖掘出土文物的增多以及技术水平的提升，在七十年代以来出现了较多有价值的研究成果，包括车舆的制造、技术、形制以及制度等方面。但总体上，关于舆的制度、文化以及象征意义与权力阶层的关系等问题上研究还是较为滞后。现就前人的研究成果作简要的综述。     

Space-time Multi Type Log Gaussian Cox Processes with a View to Modelling Weeds

Log Gaussian Cox processes as introduced in Moller et al. (1998) are extended to space-time models called log Gaussian Cox birth processes. These processes allow modelling of spatial and temporal heterogeneity in time series of increasing point processes consisting of different types of points. The models are shown to be easy to analyse yet flexible enough for a detailed statistical analysis of a particular agricultural experiment concerning the development of two weed species on an organic barley field. Particularly, the aspects of estimation, model validation and intensity surface prediction are discussed.