循证医学与中医诊疗标准化

循证医学 (EBM)是近年来国际临床医学界倡导的学科方向之一 ,发达国家已经将循证医学的随机对照临床试验(RCT)研究及其系统评价作为制定医疗技术标准的主要依据 ,并且对一些疾病提出了更为有效的治疗方案。中医在诊疗标准的制定方面仍然存在许多缺陷。提出了运用循证医学方法 ,制定中医药诊疗标准的几点建议     

论艺术活动的矫治功能

文艺活动的特殊性质,使其在矫治工作中大有可为。它能重建被矫治者的社会性情感,缓解或消解由于被矫治者特殊境况而造成的行为异常和心理障碍,帮助其恢复生活的意义感,和谐地重归社会。     

A brief moment of glory: the impact of the therapeutic community movement on the drug treatment systems in the UK

The introduction of concept-based therapeutic communities, based upon the model pioneered by Charles Dederich with the Synanon community in California, was a significant development in the evolution of drug treatment provision in the UK. For a short period in the 1970s, these communities enjoyed unparalleled influence in the development and direction of treatment approaches across the whole spectrum of services. This article considers the developments in psychiatry and social care that prepared the ground for that phenomenon. In addition, the article considers the subsequent demise in the importance of therapeutic communities to the direction of drug policy and the implications that this might have for future development of residential treatment services.     

音乐与科学的不解缘

音乐是声音的艺术,它与声音科学的关系最为密切。声乐和器乐都与许多门类的科学相关。音乐具有启迪创造思维,开发创造力的功能。音乐学习能提高儿童的空间推理能力。通过音乐的物理作用、社会作用和情绪作用可以达到治疗人体疾病的目的。音乐还与动物和植物的生态密切相关。植物经络学说和植物控制系统的理论与实践,揭示了音乐农学将造福人类的光明前景。     

The Millhill

This study reports on discharged patients' experiences of care at a therapeutic community - The Millhill. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire and interviews. The focus of the study is on the former patients' own experiences of The Millhill and their present state. The majority report positive changes when they compare how they feel today with how they felt just prior to admission and just after discharge. Eighty-five percent claim that the major problem which led them to seek treatment is less serious today than it was when they were admitted to The Millhill. Compared with other inpatient care, the interviews showed that treatment at The Millhill was based on long-term individual treatment plans and that those undergoing treatment were treated as "individuals", whereas treatment in the psychiatric wards was more like "storage" and medication and those undergoing treatment were treated as "patients".     

Love,Stigma, and Resistance: “Therapeutic Microaggressions” in a Prisoners' Wives' Support Group

This article derives from ethnographies of therapeutic interventions in a support group for prisoners' wives in Israel. The study's main inductive findings reveal that love and the emotion work of prisoners' wives are constructed as the primary site for achieving the clinical objective: modifying the prisoners' wives' spoiled self and encouraging their adoption of a psychological self. The findings reveal a dramatic clash between the therapeutic emotion work of love that the group facilitators proposed and the collectivist emotion work to which the prisoners' wives subscribed. These forms of emotion work are associated with ethnic hierarchies and experiences of stigmatization by the prisoners' wives during the therapeutic sessions. In this context, the article suggests the concept of “therapeutic microaggressions” to describe how interactions in clinical sessions can reinforce inequality.     

Independent child protection assessments: incorporating a therapeutic focus from an integrated service context

Assessment following serious child abuse is a significant activity for the social work, psychology and psychiatric professions. Notwithstanding the profound significance of the consequences for abused children and their families from recommendations made by such assessments, there is little research which examines the process and outcome of child protection assessments. This paper describes the professional practice principles of an independent assessment team and presents preliminary findings from a retrospective examination of 160 major independent assessments undertaken over a period of 11 years. The review suggests that nearly 60% of the families gained some therapeutic benefit from the assessment process and outlines the areas in which such benefits occurred. It is argued that structuring assessments in a way which maximizes the possibility of parents/carers effecting changes in problem areas is the essence of a constructive partnership relation with families. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

人本主义咨询方法在学校偶遇咨询个案中的运用——以一个宿舍适应困难大学生个案为例

以一个大学生宿舍适应困难的偶遇咨询个案为例,探讨人本主义咨询方法在偶遇咨询个案中的运用。认为人本主义咨询方法的理念有助于工作者与偶遇案主建立信任和富有支持性的关系,结合心理社会治疗模式的直接辅导技巧有助于工作者在较短时间内促进偶遇案主澄清自己的感受,探索自己的真实处境,从而更好地帮助案主反思自身的真实需要。     

Effective casework practice with adolescents: perspectives of statutory child protection practitioners

Many child protection practitioners struggle with the complexity of problems and the limited casework time for adolescent cases. However, there is little research on child protection practice or case management that can guide a practitioner working with adolescents in the child protection system. The aim of this study was to explore and describe the nature of effective child protection practice with adolescents from the perspective of statutory child protection practitioners in one state in Australia. Data were collected through focus group discussions and interviews with child protection practitioners and managers currently working with adolescents (n= 44). A grounded theory approach was used to identify the dominant themes or categories and form linkages and relationships through constant comparison techniques. Seven key categories emerged from this analysis: characteristics of the young person and their family; ‘walking it together’– the centrality of relationships; ‘looking back/looking forward’– practice strategies; practitioner attributes and skills; ‘walking a fine line’– working with the families of adolescents; ‘walking with services’– effective inter‐agency work; and organizational context in effective child protection practice with adolescents. Key implications for practice and areas for further research were discussed.     

Therapeutic residential care in Spain. Population treated and therapeutic coverage

Therapeutic residential care (TRC) is the name given to specialized children's homes for treating cases with severe emotional and behavioural problems that have been placed in residential care. A recent international review has revealed great diversity in the referral criteria of cases and in the models of intervention carried out. The goal of this study is to describe the population treated in these types of facilities in Spain and the therapeutic coverage given. The sample is made up of 215 young people in children's homes, of whom 93 are in TRC. The cases referred to TRC have been in residential care for less time but have gone through a greater number of placements. These young people also exhibit more problems of drug use, and there is a larger percentage of clinical‐range cases in the Child Behaviour Checklist scales of attention problems and aggressive behaviour. Nevertheless, the results of logistic regression indicate that the only variables that significantly increase the probability of being referred to TRC are drug use and changes of care placements. With regard to therapeutic care, there is a higher percentage in the TRC group receiving psychiatric care, and the sessions are also more frequent.