认知假设·动态语境·幽默效果

关联理论的动态语境观认为,语境是由一系列认知假设构成的,语境的改变会使同一话语产生不同的含义。这一观点给笑话的幽默效果的产生提供了理论依据:笑话利用特殊的话语信息的输入方式来改变听话者的语境,使话语具有特定的含义进而实现幽默效果。     

尧斯美学理论基础摭谈

伽达墨尔的哲学解释学是尧斯美学思想的理论基础 ,他的“偏见”、“视界融合”、“效果历史”等概念以其全新的视角反驳了以施莱尔马赫和狄尔泰为代表的近、现代的一般解释学的观点 ,为尧斯提供了建立以读者为中心的文学史观的可能     

农村人力资本投资影响农村居民收入结构吗？--来自中国中西部地区的证据

农村居民工资性收入的快速增加直接激变农村收入结构的变化。通过中西部地区农村人力资本投资对农村居民工资性收入和家庭经营收入的影响研究,结果显示,农村人力资本投资对农村居民工资性收入和家庭经营收入都存在正向影响,但对工资性收入的影响更大。在此基础上,进一步分析农村人力资本投资对农村居民收入结构演变的影响。农村居民收入结构演化将会推动城乡二元结构的演变。     

The evolution of the board interlock network following Sarbanes-Oxley

We examine the impact of the passage of Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) on the evolution of the board interlock network for Fortune 300 firms during the 1998–2006 period using a stochastic actor-oriented model. Placing particular emphasis on director accountability and board independence, SOX created considerable disparity in demand and supply in the labor market for corporate directors. We examine whether the regulatory change may have led firms to draw more on socially embedded processes of board interlock partner selection such as reciprocity, transitivity, and multiplexity after SOX. We find that after the passage of SOX, a firm’s tendency to reciprocate board interlock ties has been reinforced. Similarly, firms appear to have relied more on their existing alliance partners to fill their board seats in the post-SOX period.     

Likelihood-based approach for analysis of longitudinal nominal data using marginalized random effects models

Likelihood-based marginalized models using random effects have become popular for analyzing longitudinal categorical data. These models permit direct interpretation of marginal mean parameters and characterize the serial dependence of longitudinal outcomes using random effects [12,22]. In this paper, we propose model that expands the use of previous models to accommodate longitudinal nominal data. Random effects using a new covariance matrix with a Kronecker product composition are used to explain serial and categorical dependence. The Quasi-Newton algorithm is developed for estimation. These proposed methods are illustrated with a real data set and compared with other standard methods.     

An Analysis of Factors Affecting Attitudes Toward Same-Sex Marriage: Do the Media Matter?

Using a survey of more than 5,000 American consumers, this study examines connections between attitudes toward same-sex marriage and media consumption. A positive attitude is predicted by being liberal and less religious, supporting gender and racial equality, willing to try anything once, considering television the primary form of entertainment, watching political talk shows, and reading blogs. The theoretical and methodological contributions and real-world implications of these findings are discussed.     

大学英语口语测试及其反拨效应研究

作为语言测试的一个重要环节，口语测试能够测定受试者的语言实际运用能力，口语测试的主要特点是交互性和真实性。本文分析了口语测试的必要性、设计原则和题型设置，并论述了口语测试的反拨效应对大学英语口语教与学的启示。     

Benefits and limitations of panel data

Observations for a number of cross-sectional units over time have become increasingly available. The new data sources enable econometricians to construct and test more complicated behavioral models than a single cross sectional or time series data set would allow. The availability of new data sources, however, also raises new issues. In this paper we review some basic econo- metric methods that have been used to analyze such data sets. We also indicate areas of research where panel data may be useful.     

A revisit to two-way factorial ANOVA with mixed effects and interactions

Abstract

Two mixed models exist in analysis of two-way factorial ANOVA with mixed effects and interactions: the constrained and unconstrained models. The constrained model is unfavored because there is no convincing rationale for the enforced constraints on its random interactions and a lack of clear interpretation about its variance components. The purpose of this study is to further explore the relationship between these two models. We reveal some nice features of the constrained model on partition of the responsive variance. An alternative formulation of ANOVA that follows from this exploration is also presented.     

APPLICATION OF TWO-LEVEL NEGATIVE EXPONENTIAL MODEL TO CHILDREN'S LEARNING CURVE IN READING

ABSTRACT

This paper attempts to model the development of children's reading skills using the negative exponential curve with mixed effects model. The model describes the nature of growth in children's reading skills and accounts for intra-individual and inter-individual variations. In addition, we propose methods including cross-validation, regression, and graphing to determine an appropriate curve for the data, to find good initial values for parameters, and to select potential covariates. We illustrate with an example that motivated this research: a longitudinal study of academic reading skills from grade 1 to grade 12 in Connecticut public schools.