The management of sex offenders in the community: from policy to practice

This paper provides an overview of the most significant public policy initiatives that apply to known sexual offenders who live in the community. It is argued that while registration schemes, community notification, and offender residency restrictions have become a prominent feature of contemporary sex offender policy, the evidence base supporting their implementation is, at best, limited. There is a need to develop policies which are more tailored to the needs of individual offenders and which are explicitly designed to manage risk. Policies which mandate and facilitate interagency and partnership working represent one way in which individualised and research‐informed approaches can be developed. It is suggested that the implementation of this type of approach may ultimately lead to more effective community responses to preventing sexual reoffending than those which rely solely on monitoring and supervision.     

国际贸易政策合作的政治经济学视角

与单边贸易政策一样,贸易政策合作同样具有分配效应,也表现为各合作方国内政治经济过程的结果。用利益冲突的均衡去理解和研究贸易政策合作,比建立在政府追求国民福利最大化假设之上的传统理论更贴近现实,因此自20世纪90年代开始,它在国际贸易政策合作研究领域得到迅速而广泛的应用。     

法国保全性裁判抵押权制度研究--兼论我国不动产查封制度的完善

保全性裁判抵押权是法国民事执行程序法创立的一种新型抵押权形态,它既是一种保全措施,又是一种担保物权。保全性裁判抵押权不但能够防止债务人逃避债务,而且能够对债务人起到威慑作用,这种抵押权在法国很受欢迎。我国司法机关在财产保全和强制执行中广泛使用查封措施,在目前的制度设计中,不动产查封在办理登记后已经享有对抗效力和优先效力,鉴于在查封登记的不动产上实际上存在一个没有抵押权名义的抵押权,因此建议我国在未来的物权立法中借鉴保全性裁判抵押权制度。     

论我国民族商标品牌的法律保护

随着世界经济一体化进程的加快,越来越多的中国企业走向世界,拥有中国民族商标品牌的商品也大量涌入世界市场。为了保护我国宝贵的民族商标品牌资源,我国企业应当审时度势,加紧民族商标的海外注册,运用多种有利的法律规则保护我国民族商标不受侵犯;在合资企业中高度重视商标转让和许可使用问题,牢牢掌握商标权;通过立法和行政机构规制恶意收购民族商标行为;打击各种侵犯我国民族商标品牌的侵权行为。     

金融危机视角下当前我国农民工失业问题解析

我国以加工制造、出口为导向的中小型企业在当前的全球金融危机中受到了严重的影响,而它们在危机之前又吸纳了大量的农民工,因而当前这场金融海啸无疑对农民工群体造成了重大影响。作为社会弱势群体,农民工失业和再就业问题已受到全社会的关注。从政府、企业、农民工自身三个角度分析当前造成农民工失业的实际原因,并提出相应的政策建议。     

农产品地理标志保护的意义及其路径

农产品地理标志保护有利于保护农民知识产权,增加农民经济收入;有利于促进农产品质量标准化,提高农产品国际竞争力;有利于农业产业化经营,促进中国特色农业的发展;有利于开发和拓展农业的综合功能,发扬传统农业文明。农产品地理标志保护的路径主要包括:大力做好宣传工作,积极营造理念氛围;完善法律法规,统一注册主管机构;明确政府职能,发挥行业协会作用;加强注册保护,强化产品质量和市场监督;研究国际上相关立法规定,积极开展国际注册和保护。     

论抢注商标强制移转制度的构建——兼评《中华人民共和国商标法修订草案(征求意见稿)》的相关规定

为打击恶意抢注,维护正常的商标市场秩序,《中华人民共和国商标法修订草案(征求意见稿)》引入《保护工业产权巴黎公约》中的抢注商标强制移转制度。抢注商标强制移转制度赋予被抢注人请求国家知识产权行政部门将已经注册的商标转让给自己的权利,实质上将“商标异议或无效”和“申请商标注册”并为一步走,不仅有助于保障被抢注人合法权益、降低注册成本以及节约行政审查资源,还有效弥补现有恶意商标抢注规制体系的不足,维护了商标注册管理秩序。实际上,我国司法实践中早已出现要求抢注人移转注册商标的先例,域外立法中有关抢注商标强制移转制度的规定也为我国构建该制度提供了参考。故而,抢注商标强制移转制度的引入具备一定的合理性、必要性和可行性。但整体来看,有关抢注商标强制移转制度的规范设计仍略显粗糙。为增强该制度的可操作性,应从以下三个方面完善:其一,在程序设置上,鉴于抢注商标强制移转制度与无效宣告制度在效力原则、设立目的、审查内容等方面均存在不同,故有必要单独设立抢注商标强制移转制度;其二,在移转时间上,明确被抢注人强制移转请求权的期限,且与申请无效宣告的时间保持一致,均为五年;其三,在适用范围上,扩大抢注商标强制移转的适用情形,将恶意抢注近似商标行为纳入适用范围。     

论物权公示及其效力

简介物权公示的基本含义和方式,指出不动产的公示方式一般为登记,动产的公示方式一般为交付、占有。分析物权公示的效力,即决定物权变动效力、权利的正确性推定效力、保护善意第三人的效力。     

Bringing the border to baby: birth registration as bordering practice for migrant women’s children

ABSTRACT

Babies born ‘out of place’ to migrant mothers pose a challenge to states seeking to restrict access to migration and citizenship. In places as diverse as Texas, Tel Aviv, and Santo Domingo, policymakers have been modifying administrative requirements to limit access to birth certificates for babies born to migrant women with temporary or irregular status as a measure aimed at discouraging their permanent settlement. This raises concerns regarding the gendered ways in which women can be controlled via their reproductive lives when childbirth is made a juncture of migration enforcement, and children’s right to an identity and a nationality violated as a result. Rights advocates are pushing back against this practice using existing human rights frameworks. This article provides an overview of what birth registration as a bordering practice looks like so that scholars, policymakers, and practitioners around the world can recognise and resist it. It focuses on the case of the Dominican Republic’s denial of birth certificates for people of Haitian descent, and an action-research project aiming to facilitate access to the Dominican civil registry for children of mixed couples (migrant mother and Dominican father). It concludes by highlighting the implications for the babies born ‘in between’ – who are at risk of statelessness and other rights violations – and pointing to international frameworks for upholding children’s right to a nationality.     

美国知识产权担保融资的立法与实践

随着知识产权作用和价值的提升,知识产权融资担保日益得到重视和发展。美国知识产权担保制度由联邦法和州法构成,州法采用简便快捷的UCC担保交易制度,而联邦法则相对滞后。但在两法中何者应优先适用的问题上,存在较大争议和分歧,因而造成法律适用上的不确定。本文分析美国知识产权融资担保制度的现状和利弊得失后,反思我国相关制度的现状,并提出相应的改革建议。